Improved methodology for resistance screening in spring wheat against the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)

Year 2012, Volume: 36 Issue: 4, 533 - 540, 01.08.2012

Halil Toktay Mustafa Imren Julie M. Nicol Amer Dababat İ. Halil Elekcioglu

Abstract

The root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) is a polyphagous and economically important nematode in wheat production systems, particularly in rainfed environments. Chemical management of this nematode is not economically or environmentally sound, leaving cultural practices like crop rotation as the most widely accepted option. Long-term control is best achieved in established wheat monoculture systems through genetic improvement, which provides both economic and environmental benefits to the growers. Intensive screening under controlled conditions can facilitate and accelerate the identification of resistance and its subsequent deployment in commercial wheat cultivars. In this study, a number of variables were assessed to optimize P. thornei screening, including initial nematode density, soil type, container size, reference cultivars, harvest time and watering regime with perlite. Growth room experiments showed clear separation between the resistant and susceptible cultivars, using sandy growth medium (70:29:1 sand, field soil and organic matter), small container (15 mm diameter x 100 mm in long), inoculation density with 400 individuals per plant, 9 week growing period and bottom perlite irrigation system. 

Keywords

Resistance, wheat, screening methods

Buğdayda Kök yara nematodu, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)’ye karşı dayanıklılık çalışmalarında kullanılan yöntemlerin uygunluğunun araştırılması

Abstract

Kök yara nematodları, Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) polifag bir zararlı olup, özellikle kurak alanlarda yapılan buğday üretiminde çok önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Buğday ıslah programlarında dayanıklı çeşit geliştirebilmek için ıslah materyalinin hızlı ve doğru şekilde kontrollü koşullarda test edilmesi gerekmektedir. Kök yara nematodlarına karşı dayanıklı çeşit elde etmek amacıyla laboratuvar koşullarında yürütülecek nematod bitki interaksiyonu çalışmalarında öncelikli olarak en uygun in-vitro koşulların belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla 2 farklı toprak tipi, 2 hasat zamanı, 2 çeşit, 2 sulama sistemi, 3 saksı tipi, 2 inokulum miktarı araştırılmış ve 7 tekerrürlü olarak denemeye alınmıştır. Çalışmada P. thornei’ye karşı dayanıklılık denemelerinde en uygun parametrelerin; kumlu toprak tipi (70:29:1 kum:tarla toprağı:organik madde), küçük boy saksı (boru tipi, çap: 15 mm, yükseklik:100 mm), inokulum yoğunluğu 400 birey, 9 hafta hasat süresi, alttan perlitle yapılan sulama sistemi olduğu belirlenmiştir

Keywords

Dayanıklılık, buğday, testleme yöntemleri

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