Research Article

Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation

Volume: 10 Number: Özel Sayı October 31, 2025
EN TR

Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation

Abstract

This study examines the impact of carbon emission intensity (CEI) on investment efficiency (IE) as well as the moderating role of analyst coverage and environmental innovation in this relationship for firms operating in the European Union (EU). A panel data set consisting of 5,501 observations of 931 firms for the period 2008-2023 is used. Empirical analyses conducted using the OLS method estimated with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors show that CEI has an overall negative effect on IE, and this effect is particularly pronounced for firms that over-invest. These main findings are robust to alternative investment efficiency measures and alternative estimation methodologies. In addition, analyst coverage and environmental innovation exacerbate the negative effect of CEI on IE. Last, heterogeneity analyses indicate that the negative effect of CEI on IE is stronger for firms with lower levels of green revenue and those not participating in the Emissions Trading System (ETS). The study reveals that policies to increase IE should be designed by taking into account firm- and sector-level conditions.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environment and Climate Finance, Finance, Finance and Investment (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 31, 2025

Submission Date

June 20, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 10 Number: Özel Sayı

APA
Kocaman, M., & Akben Selçuk, E. (2025). Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(Özel Sayı), 403-434. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1723582
AMA
1.Kocaman M, Akben Selçuk E. Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation. EPF Journal. 2025;10(Özel Sayı):403-434. doi:10.30784/epfad.1723582
Chicago
Kocaman, Muhammet, and Elif Akben Selçuk. 2025. “Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation”. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi 10 (Özel Sayı): 403-34. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1723582.
EndNote
Kocaman M, Akben Selçuk E (October 1, 2025) Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation. Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi 10 Özel Sayı 403–434.
IEEE
[1]M. Kocaman and E. Akben Selçuk, “Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation”, EPF Journal, vol. 10, no. Özel Sayı, pp. 403–434, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.30784/epfad.1723582.
ISNAD
Kocaman, Muhammet - Akben Selçuk, Elif. “Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation”. Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi 10/Özel Sayı (October 1, 2025): 403-434. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1723582.
JAMA
1.Kocaman M, Akben Selçuk E. Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation. EPF Journal. 2025;10:403–434.
MLA
Kocaman, Muhammet, and Elif Akben Selçuk. “Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation”. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 10, no. Özel Sayı, Oct. 2025, pp. 403-34, doi:10.30784/epfad.1723582.
Vancouver
1.Muhammet Kocaman, Elif Akben Selçuk. Carbon Emission Intensity and Investment Efficiency in the European Union: The Moderating Role of Analyst Coverage and Environmental Innovation. EPF Journal. 2025 Oct. 1;10(Özel Sayı):403-34. doi:10.30784/epfad.1723582