Rethinking Euroscepticism in Turkey: Government, Opposition and Public Opinion

Abstract

This article aims to scrutinise the state of euroscepticism in Turkey with a particular focus on the shifting preferences of government, opposition and public opinion in the last decade. Building upon Yılmaz’s (2011) analysis, the article will try to make sense of the eurosceptic transformations in Turkish politics from 2008 onwards. Accordingly, first, shifting governmental discourses towards the EU will be discussed with a particular focus on how the AKP government adopted the ‘Sévres Syndrome’ as a key political tool to denigrate Europe. Second, euroscepticism in opposition parties will be scrutinised comparing the strategic eurosceptic rhetoric of the CHP with the ideologically-driven euroscepticism of the MHP. Final section will examine how Turkish public responds to the eurosceptic/pro-EU shifts in the discourses of major political parties. Overall, the article argues that euroscepticism in Turkish politics in the last decade often fluctuates between government and opposition in response to certain domestic political turning points appearing to be more strategic than ideologically-driven, more volatile than stable, and hence less and less credible. 

Keywords

• Euroscepticism,AKP,CHP,MHP,Public Opinion,Turkey

Türkiye’deki Avrupa Şüpheciliğini Yeniden Düşünmek: Hükümet, Muhalefet ve Kamuoyu

Abstract

Bu çalışma, hükümet, muhalefet ve kamuoyunun değişen tercihlerine odaklanarak, son on yılda Türkiye’deki Avrupa şüpheciliğinin durumunu mercek altına almayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, Yılmaz’ın (2011) analizinin üstüne koyarak, özellikle 2008 sonrası dönemde Türk siyasetindeki Avrupa şüpheci dönüşümü anlamlandırmaya çalışacaktır. Buna göre, öncelikle, hükümetin Avrupa’ya yönelik değişen söylemleri tartışılacak ve hükümetin Avrupayı kötüleme amacıyla “Sevr Sendromu”’nu nasıl önemli bir siyasi araç olarak kullandığı vurgulanacaktır. İkinci olarak, muhalefet partilerinde gözlenen Avrupa şüpheciliği ele alınacak ve CHP’nin stratejik şüpheci söylemiyle MHP’nin ideolojik şüpheci söylemi karşılaştırılacaktır. Son bölümde ana siyasi partilerin söylemlerindeki Avrupa şüpheci/Avrupa yanlısı değişime Türk kamuoyunun nasıl yanıt verdiği tartışılacaktır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma, Türk siyasetinin son on yılında gözlemlenen Avrupa şüphecisi tutumun önemli siyasi dönüm noktalarının etkisiyle kimi zaman hükümet, kimi zaman da muhalefet tarafından sahiplenildiğini vurgulamakta; bundan dolayı Türkiye’deki Avrupa şüpheciliğinin ideoloijk olmaktan ziyade stratejik, oldukça değişken ve bu yüzden de giderek daha az inandırıcı olduğunu savunmaktadır.           

Keywords

• Avrupa Şüpheciliği,AKP,CHP,MHP,Kamuoyu,Türkiye

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