Köpeklerde Oral Kavitedeki Patolojik Lezyonlarının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Köpeklerde oral neoplaziler ve neoplastik olmayan lezyonlar sıklıkla karşılaşılan patolojilerdir. Bu lezyonların histo-patolojik incelemesi tanı koymak ve klinisyen hekimleri uygun tedaviye yönlendirmek için gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, köpeklerin ağız boşluğunda yaygın olarak gözlenen patolojik lezyonları retrospektif olarak belgelemek amaçlandı. Bu kapsamda 2010-2020 yılları arasında farklı ırk, cinsiyet ve yaş gruplarındaki köpeklerde 167 oral patoloji vakası ince-lendi. Oral patolojiler hematoksilen ve eozin boyama yöntemi ile teşhis edilen histopatolojik özelliklere göre neoplastik (benign ve malign neoplazmalar) ve neoplastik olmayan lezyonlar olarak sınıflandırıldı. Bulgularda malign (%46.10; 77/167) ve iyi huylu neoplazmların (%40.11; 67/167) baskın olduğu, ancak neoplastik olmayan lezyonların (%13.77; 23/167) kısıtlı olduğu tespit edildi. En sık görülen malign neoplazm, malign melanom (%50.64; 39/77) iken, odontojenik neoplazmlar en sık görülen benign neoplazmlar olarak belirlendi (%74.62; 50/67). Etkilenen hasta profilleri değerlendi-rildiğinde, erkeklerin oral patolojilere daha yatkın olduğunu (E/D: %62.87/%35.32; 105/59), en çok etkilenen yaşam evresinin ileri yaş (%79.48; 31/39) olduğu ve büyük safkan köpeklerin en sık rastlanan köpek ırkları (%49.10; 82/167) olduğu, bunu karma ırkların (%19.76; 33/167) izlediği tespit edildi. Bu bulgular ki-kare testi ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdi. Ayrıca oral kavitede en sık etkilenen bölgenin dişeti olduğu (%30.76; 12/39) bulundu. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma cinsiyet, yaş, cins ve etkilenen bölge açısından en sık görülen oral patolojiler hakkında literatür bilgisine katkı sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Köpek
• neoplastik olmayan lezyonlar
• oral neoplazmalar
• prevelans

Retrospective Evaluation of Pathological Lesions of the Oral Cavity in Dogs

Abstract

Oral neoplasms and non-neoplastic lesions are commonly encountered pathologies in dogs. The histopatho-logical examination of these lesions is required to make a diagnosis and lead the practitioners to appropriate treatment. This study aims to retrospectively document pathological lesions commonly observed in the oral cavity of dogs. In this context, 167 oral pathology cases were investigated in dogs of different breeds, genders, and age groups in the years between 2010 and 2020. Oral pathologies were classified as neoplastic (benign and malignant neoplasms) and non-neoplastic lesions according to the histopathological features diagnosed by the hematoxylin and eosin staining method. The results showed that malign (46.10%; 77/167) and benign neoplasms (40.11%; 67/167) were predominant, but non-neoplastic lesions (13.77%; 23/167) were restricted. The most common malignant neoplasm was malignant melanoma (50.64%; 39/77), while odontogenic neoplasms were determined as the most common benign neoplasms (74.62%; 50/67). When the affected patient profiles were evaluated, the results showed that males were more prone to oral pa-thologies (M/F: 62.87%/35.32%; 105/59), mostly affected life stage was senior (79.48%; 31/39), and large pure breed dogs were the most commonly encountered dog breeds (49.10%; 82/167), followed by mixed breeds (19.76%; 33/167). These findings showed statistically significant differences by the chi-square test. In addition, the most common affected area in the oral cavity was found to be the gingiva (30.76%; 12/39). As a result, this study contributes to the knowledge about the most common oral pathologies in terms of gender, age, breed, and affected area.

Keywords

• Canine
• non-neoplastic lesions
• oral neoplasms
• prevalence

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