Usage of propolis in newborn ruminants

Abstract

For many years, antimicrobial agents have been used as feed additives in ruminants to reduce neonatal losses, to develop protection against infections, to support growth and to increase economical animal production. However, the fact that these chemicals used as feed additives leave residues in animal products, pathogenic organisms that develop microbial resistance threaten human and animal health and food allergies have made these substances a subject of debate. As a result, the use of antimicrobial agents in animals whose meat, milk and eggs are consumed, except for diseases requiring treatment, has been prohibited. Due to these Adversities or challenges, the use of natural substances such as propolis in animal nutrition has begun to be investigated. Propolis is a natural bee product. It exhibits important biological properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, hepatoprotective activities, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic and antiseptic properties with its structure’s plant flavonoids and phenolic compounds. In addition, it does not pose a risk of harmful chemical residues in animal products used as human food. Thus, it is foreseen that propolis can be used as a feed additive and meet current consumer expectations regarding the safety and toxicity of animal products. The aim of this review is to examine the effectiveness of propolis as an alternative feed additive and the studies on the development and health status of ruminants during the lactation period, when the most economic loss occurs.

Keywords

• Propolis
• newborn
• ruminant

Yenidoğan Ruminantlarda Propolis Kullanımı

Abstract

Uzun yıllar boyunca ruminantlarda yenidoğan kayıplarını azaltmak, enfeksiyonlardan korumak, büyümeyi desteklemek ve ekonomik olarak hayvansal üretimi artırmak için antimikrobiyal ajanlar yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanıldı. Ancak yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanılan bu kimyasalların hayvansal ürünlerde kalıntı bırakması, mikrobiyal direnç geliştiren patojen organizmaların insan ve hayvan sağlığını tehdit etmesi ve gıda alerjileri bu maddeleri tartışma konusu yapmıştır. Bunun sonucunda da tedavi gerektiren hastalıklar dışında antimikrobiyal ajanların eti, sütü ve yumurtası tüketilen hayvanlarda kullanılması yasaklanmıştır. Bu olumsuzluklar nedeniyle propolis gibi doğal maddelerin hayvan beslemede kullanılması araştırılmaya başlanmıştır. Propolis doğal bir arı ürünüdür. Yapısındaki bitkisel flavonoidler ve fenolik bileşikler ile antibakteriyel, antiviral, hepatoprotektif aktiviteler, antiinflamatuar, immünomodülatör, antioksidan, antiparaziter ve antiseptik özellikler gibi önemli biyolojik özellikler gösterir. Bunun yanında insan gıdası olarak kullanılan hayvansal ürünlerde zararlı kimyasal kalıntı riski oluşturmaz. Böylelikle propolisin yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanılabileceği ve hayvansal ürünlerin güvenliği ve toksisitesi hakkında güncel tüketici beklentilerini karşılayabileceği ön görülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı alternatif yem katkı maddesi olarak propolisin etkinliğini ve en çok ekonomik kaybın yaşandığı süt emme dönemindeki ruminantların gelişme ve sağlık durumu üzerinde yapılan çalışmaları incelemektir.

Keywords

• Propolis
• yenidoğan
• ruminant

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