Yenidoğan Kedi ve Köpeklerde Resusitasyon Girişimleri ve Köpeklerde Apgar Skorlama Sistemi

Abstract

Güç doğum veya sezaryen operasyonuyla doğan kedi ve köpek yavrularında, hipoksi veya anestezik maddelerin yan etkisine bağlı olarak depresyon oluşabilmektedir. Son yıllarda yenidoğana uygulanması gereken resusitasyon işlemlerinin yoğunluğunu belirlemek amacıyla Apgar skorlama sistemi kullanılmaktadır. Resusitasyon işlemleri, sırasıyla solunumun ve kardiyovaskuler sistemin uyarılması, termoregülasyonun sağlanması ve hipogliseminin önlenmesini kapsamaktadır

Keywords

• Apgar skorlama sistemi,kedi,köpek,resusitasyon

Resuscitation Applications for Newborn Kittens and Puppies and Apgar Scoring System for Puppies

Abstract

Feline or canine neonatal depression or hypoxia might occur following dystocia or Cesarean section mainly due to adverse effect of anaesthetic agents. In recent years, Apgar scoring system is used in order to determine the intensity of resuscitation efforts. Resuscitation efforts include the stimulation of respiration and cardiovascular system, maintenance of thermoregulation and prevention of hypoglycaemia.

Keywords

• Apgar scoring system,cat,dog,resuscitation

References

1. 1. Anadol E. Köpek ve kedilerde güçdoğum. http://www.jivs.net/jivs/dosya/1002.pdf; Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2015.
2. 2. Anadol E, Gültiken N. Kedi ve Köpeklerde Güç Doğum Olgusuna Şirurjikal Yaklaşım ve Anestezi Seçenekleri. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2014; 1(4): 23-48.
3. 3. Batista M, Moreno C, Vilar J, Golding M, Brito C, Santana M, Alamo D. Neonatal viability evaluation by Apgar score in puppies delivered by cesarean section in two brachycephalic breeds (English and French bulldog). Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 146(3-4): 218-26.
4. 4. Casal M. Management and critical care of the neonate. England G. Heimendahl A. eds. In: BSAVA Manuel of Canine and Feline Reproduction and Neonatology. Cambridge: BSAVA Publishing, 2010; pp. 135-46.
5. 5. Castagnetti C, Pirrone A, Mariella J, Mari G. Venous blood lactate evaluation in equine neonatal intensive care. Theriogenology 2010; 73(3): 343-57.
6. 6. Davidson AP. Neonatal Resuscitation. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014; 44(2): 191-204.
7. 7. Doebeli A, Michel E, Bettschart R, Hartnack S, Reichler IM. Apgar score after induction of anesthesia for canine cesarean section with alfaxalone versus propofol. Theriogenology 2013; 80(8): 850–54.
8. 8. Groppetti D, Pecilea A, Del Carroa AP, Copleyb K, Mineroc M, Cremonesia F. Evaluation of newborn canine viability by means of umbilical vein lactate measurement, Apgar score and uterine tocodynamometry. Theriogenology 2010; 74(7): 1187–96.

9. 9. Groppetti D, Martino PA, Ravasio G, Bronzo V, Pecile A. Prognostic potential of amniotic fluid analysis at birth on canine neonatal outcomes. Vet J 2015 doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.08.026.
10. 10. Grundy SA. Clinically relevant physiology of the neonate. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2006; 36(3): 443-59.
11. 11. Johnson CA, Casal ML. Neonatal Resuscitation: Canine and Feline. Lopate C. eds. In: Management of Pregnant and Neonatal Dogs, Cats, and Exotic Pets. Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2012; pp. 77-92.
12. 12. Kustritz MVR. Clinical Canine and Feline Reproduction Evidence-Based Answers. First Edition. Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2010; p.125.
13. 13. Lopate C, Seksel K. Canine Neonatal Physiology, Behaviour and Socialization. Lopate C. eds. In: Management of Pregnant and Neonatal Dogs, Cats, and Exotic Pets. Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2012; pp. 93-127.
14. 14. Lúcio CF, Silva LC, Rodrigues JA, Veiga GA, Vannucchi CI. Acid-base changes in canine neonates following normal birth or dystocia. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 44( 2): 208-10.
15. 15. Moon PF, Erb HN, Ludders JW, Gleed RD, Pascoe PJ. Perioperative risk factors for puppies delivered by cesarean section in the United States and Canada. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2000; 36(4): 259-368.
16. 16. Moon PF, Massat BJ, Pascoe PJ. Neonatal critical care. Vet Clin North Am 2001; 31(2): 343-66.
17. 17. Münnich A. The pathological newborn in small animals: the neonate is not a small adult. Vet Res Commun 2008; 32(1): 81-5.
18. 18. Okere C, Hacker RR, Werchola G. Relationships between serum Igf-I concentrations and piglet development or neonatal viability following porcine somatotropin (pST) and insulin administration to gestating gilts. Theriogenology 1997; 47(7): 1403-12.
19. 19. Raffe MR, Carpenter RE. Anesthetic Management of Cesarean Section Patients. Tranquilli WJ. Thurman JC. Grimm KA. eds. In: Lumb&Jones' Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. UK: Blackwell Publishing, 2007; pp.955-70.
20. 20. Rickard V. Birth and the first 24 hours. Peterson ME. Kutzler MA. eds. In: Small Animal Pediatrics. Missouri: Elsevier Saunders, 2011; pp.11-9.
21. 21. Ruiz CC, Del Carro AP, Rosset E, Guyot E, Maroiller L, Buff S, Portier K. Alfaxalone for total intravenous anaesthesia in bitches undergoing elective caesarean section and its effects on puppies: a randomized clinical trial. Vet Anaest Analg 2015 doi:10.1111/vaa.12298.
22. 22. Traas AM. Resuscitation of canine and feline neonates. Theriogenology 2008; 70(3): 343-348.
23. 23. Vannucchi CI, Silva LC, Lúcio CF, Regazzi FM, Veiga GA, Angrimani DS. Prenatal and neonatal adaptations with a focus on the respiratory system. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47(6): 177-81.
24. 24. Vassalo FG, Simões CRB, Sudano MJ, Prestes NC, Lopes MD, Chiacchio SB, Lourenço MLG. Topics in the Routine Assessment of Newborn Puppy Viability. Topicsin Compan An Med 2015; 30: 16–21.
25. 25. Veronesi MC, Panzani S, Faustini M, Rota A. An Apgar scoring system for routine assessment of newborn puppy viability and short-term survival prognosis. Theriogenology 2009; 72(3): 401–7.
26. 26. White CRH, Doherty DA, Newnham JP, Pennell CE. The impact of introducing universal umbilical cord blood gas analysis and lactate measurement at delivery. ANZJOG 2014; 54(1): 71–8.
27. 27. Zambelli D. Feline Neonatal Physiology, Behaviour, and Socialization. Lopate C. ed. In: Management of Pregnant and Neonatal Dogs, Cats, and Exotic Pets. Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2012; pp.145-58.
28. 28. Zhang WC, Nakao T, Moriyoshi M, Nakada K, Ohtaki T, Ribadu AY, Tanaka Y. The relationship between plasma oestrone sulphate concentrations in pregnant dairy cattle and calf birth weight, calf viability, placental weight and placental expulsion. Anim Reprod Sci 1999; 54(3): 169–78.