Ratlarda Karbon Tetraklorür ile Oluşturulan Akut Karaciğer Hasarı Üzerine Nar Çekirdeği Yağının Etkisi ve Kaspaz Aktivitesi ile Hepatik Apoptozisin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, karbon tetraklorür (CCl4) ile akut karaciğer hasarı oluşturulan ratlarda nar çekirdeği yağının (NÇY) karaciğer dokusunda oluşabilecek lezyonlar üzerine koruyucu etkisi, hücresel apoptozda kaspaz aktivasyonları, serum Alanin Amino Transferaz (ALT) aktivitesi, trigliserit, total protein, albümin, total kolesterol düzeyleri ve karaciğer malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi değerlendirildi. Çalışmada 32 adet rat, her grupta 8 adet olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. İlk grup kontrol olarak belirlendi. İkinci gruba 4 hafta her gün 2 ml/kg/canlı-ağırlık dozunda NÇY gavaj ile verildi. Üçüncü gruba 1:1 oranında mısır yağı ile dilüe edilen 1.0 ml/kg/canlı-ağırlık iki doz CCl4 ilk hafta 3 gün ara ile intraperitoneal olarak enjekte edildi. Dördüncü gruba 2 ml/kg/canlı-ağırlık dozunda NÇY 4 hafta her gün, gavaj ile verilirken ilk hafta 3 gün ara ile 2 doz intraperitoneal 1 ml/kg/canlı-ağırlık, dilüe edilmiş CCl4 uygulandı. Kontrol gruplarında normal karaciğer doku yapısı gözlenirken; CCl4 grubunda hepatositlerinde yoğun makro ve mikroveziküler yağlanma, portal bölgede ve parankimde çoğunluğu lenfositlerden oluşan mononüklear hücre infiltrasyon alanları ile nekrotik değişiklikler görüldü. NÇY uygulamalarında histopatolojik değişiklikler CCl4 grubuna göre kısmen azalırken, kaspaz 3 ve 9 aktivitesi de sınırlı sayıda azaldı. CCl4 ile artış gösteren ALT aktivitesi NÇY uygulaması ile önemli düzeyde düşüş (P<0.05), serum total protein değerlerinde artış (P<0.001) gözlendi. CCl4 uygulanması karaciğer MDA düzeyini önemli düzeyde artırırken (P<0.001), NÇY’nın uygulamaları istatistiki önemde etkilemedi. Sonuç olarak; CCl4 ile birlikte NÇY verilen deney gruplarında karaciğer hasarına karşı histopatolojik değişiklikler üzerinde olumlu etkisi gözlenmemesine karşın, bazı biyokimyasal değerleri kontrol grubu değerlerine yaklaştırdığından, kısmen iyileştirici bir etkisinin olabileceği, ancak bu iyileşmenin karaciğer dokusundaki hasara yansımadığı düşünülmektedir

Keywords

• Histopatoloji
• immunhistokimya
• karbon tetraklorür
• nar çekirdeği yağı
• rat

The Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Acute Liver Damage Induced Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats and Determination of Hepatic Apoptosis and Caspase Activity

Abstract

In this study, the protective effect of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on liver tissue lesions in rats induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in acute liver injury, caspase activations in cellular apoptosis, serum Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT) activity, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol levels, and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups as 8 rats in each group. The first group was determined as control. The second group was given 2 ml/kg/body-weight PSO gavage daily for 4 weeks. In the third group, 1.0 ml/kg/ body-weight of two doses of CCl4 diluted 1:1 with corn oil was injected intraperitoneally at 3 days intervals in the first week. The fourth group received 2 ml/kg/body- weight PSO every day for 4 weeks by gavage and 2 doses intraperitoneally 1 ml/kg/body-weight, diluted CCl4 at 3 days intervals in the first week. While normal liver tissue structure was observed in the control groups; In the CCl4 group, intense macro and microvesicular steatosis of hepatocytes, mononuclear cell infiltration areas mostly composed of lymphocytes in the portal region and parenchyma and necrotic changes were observed. Histopathological changes in PSO applications were partially decreased compared to the CCl4 group, while caspase 3 and 9 activity decreased to a limited number. ALT activity increased with CCl4 and decreased with PSO application (P<0.05) and increased serum total protein values (P<0.001). While the administration of CCl4 significantly increased liver MDA levels (P<0.001), it was not significantly affected by the application of PSO. As a result; although there was no positive effect on histopathological changes against liver damage in experimental groups given PSO with CCl4 since it brings the biochemical values closer to the control group values, it is thought that it may have a partially curative effect, but this improvement does not reflect the damage in liver tissue.

Keywords

• Histopathology
• carbon tetrachloride
• immunohistochemistry
• pomegranate seed oil
• rat

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