Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 32 - 38, 23.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.690618

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the presence and distribution of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma species in cattle and their ticks from Sivas region. A total of 314 EDTA-blood samples and 610 ticks were analysed. A part of 18S and 16SrRNA genes of Theileria/Babesia and Anaplasma species were amplified from the genomic DNAs extracted of the blood samples and tick pools by with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 14 probes (two catchall, two genera and ten species-specific) were bound on a membrane and then the PCR products were tested by reverse line blot (RLB) assay. The partial sequences of the 18S and 16S rRNA genes of representative positive samples were determined. According to the results of the blood and tick samples analysed by RLB and sequencing, T. buffeli (GenBank accesion number: KJ183080), A. centrale (KJ183082), A. marginale (KJ183083), A. bovis (KJ183084), one Babesia genotype (Babesia sp. Sivas, KJ183081) and one Anaplasma genotype (Anaplasma sp. Sivas, KJ210855) were detected. Babesia sp. Sivas were found to be 99% identical with B. occultans, Babesia sp. Kashi and Babesia sp. Kayseri whereas Anaplasma sp. Sivas were found to be 99% and 98% identical with Anaplasma sp. Clone 7 and A. bovis, respectively. Overall prevalences of Theileria and Anaplasma infections in cattle were found to be 5.10% and11.15% by RLB, respectively. This study is the first molecular survey on species of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma in cattle and ticks from Sivas.

References

  • Aktas M, Altay K, Dumanli N. PCR-based detection of Theileria ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa adult ticks. Vet Parasitol 2006; 140(3-4): 259-63.
  • Aktas M, Altay K, Dumanlı N. Molecular detection and identification of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in cattle from Turkey. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2011; 2(1): 62-6.
  • Aktas M, Ozubek S. Molecular and parasitological survey of bovine piroplasms in the Black Sea Region, including the first report of babesiosis associated with Babesia divergens in Turkey. J Med Entomol 2015; 52(6): 1344-50.
  • Altay K, Aktas M, Dumanli N. Theileria annulata Tams1 geninin PCR-RFLP analizi. Turk Parazitol Derg 2007; 31(3): 173-5.
  • Altay K, Aydin MF, Dumanli N, Aktas M. Molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia infections in cattle. Vet Parasitol 2008a; 158(4): 295-301.
  • Altay K, Aydin MF, Uluisik U, Aktas M, Dumanli N. Theileria annulata ve Theileria buffeli’nin teşhisinde multiplex PCR’ın kullanılması. Turk Parazitol Derg 2008b; 32(1): 1-3.
  • Altay K, Aktas M, Dumanli N. Detection of Babesia ovis by PCR in Rhipicephalus bursa collected from naturally infested sheep and goats. Res Vet Sci 2008c; 85(1): 116-9.
  • Altay K, Dumanli N, Aktas M. A study on ovine tick-borne hemoprotozoan parasites (Theileria and Babesia) in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey. Parasitol Res 2012; 111(1): 149-53.
  • Altay K, Dumanli N, Aktas M, Ozubek S. Survey of Anaplama infections in small ruminants from East part of Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2014; 20(1): 1-4.
  • Ciloglu A, Inci A, Yildirim A, Onder Z, Duzlu O. Babesia bigemina Kayseri/Türkiye suşunun in vivo ve in vitro izolatlarında apikal membran antijen-1 proteininin moleküler karakterizasyonu ve ekspresyonu. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg 2018; 65: 239-46.
  • d'Oliveira C, van der Weide M, Jacquiet P, Jongejan F. Detection of Theileria annulata by PCR in ticks (Acari: İxodidae) collected from cattle in Mauritania. Exp Appl Acarol 1997; 21(5): 279-91.
  • Donatien A, Lestoquard F. Rickettsia bovis, nouvelle espèce pathogène pour le bœuf. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1936; 29: 1057-61.
  • Dumler JS, Barbet AF, Bekker CP, Dasch GA, Palmer GH, Ray SC, Rikihisa Y, Rurangirwa F R. Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51(6): 2145-65.
  • Duzlu O, Inci A, Yildirim A. Karadeniz bolgesi’ndeki sığırlardan elde edilen Babesia bovis suşlarının molekuler karakterizasyonu. ERU Sag Bil Derg 2011; 20(1): 18-28.
  • Estrada-Pena A, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Walker AR. Ticks of Domestic Animals in the Mediterranean Region. University of Zaragoza, Spain, 2004.
  • Georges K, Loria GR, Riili S, Greco A, Caracappa S, Jongejan F, Sparagano O. Detection of haemoparasites in cattle by reverse line blot hybridisation with a note on the distribution of ticks in Sicily. Vet Parasitol 2001; 99(4): 273-86.
  • Gubbels JM, de Vos AP, van der Weide M, Viseras J, Schouls LM, de Vries E, Jongejan F. Simultaneous detection of bovine Theileria and Babesia species by reverse line blot hybridization. J Cli Microbiol 1999; 37(6): 1782-9.
  • Ica A, Inci A, Yildirim A. Parasitological and molecular prevalence of bovine Theileria and Babesia species in the vicinity of Kayseri. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2007a; 31(1): 33-8.
  • Ica A, Vatansever Z, Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Inci A. Detection af Theileria and Babesia species in ticks collected from cattle. Vet Parasitol 2007b; 148(2): 156-60.
  • Inci A, Yazar S, Tuncbilek AS, Canhilal R, Doganay M, Aydin L, Aktas M, Vatansever Z, Ozdarendeli A, Ozbel Y, Yildirim A, Duzlu O. Vectors and vector-borne diseases in Turkey (Review). Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg 2013; 60(4): 281-96.
  • Inci A, Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Doganay M, Aksoy S. Tick-borne diseases in Turkey: A review based on one health perspective. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(12): e0005021.
  • Inokuma H. Vectors and reservoir hosts of Anaplasmataceae. Raoult D, Parola P, eds. In: Rickettsial Diseases, Taylor & Grancis Group, LLC, New York. 2007; pp. 199-212. Kaufmann J. Parasitic Infections od Domestic Animals. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, Bostob, Berlin. 1996; p. 75.
  • Kirvar E, Ilhan T, Katzer F, Wilkie G, Hooshmand-Rad P, Brown D. Detection of Theileria lestoquardi (hirci) in ticks, sheep, goats using polymerase chain reaction. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998; 849(1): 52-62.
  • Kocan KM, Blouin EF, Barbet AF. Anaplasmosis control. Past, present, and future. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000: 916(1): 501-9.
  • Merdivenci A. Türkiye Keneleri Üzerine Araştırmalar. 1. Baskı, Kutulmuş Matbaası, İstanbul, 1969.
  • Nagore D, García-Sanmartín J, García-Pérez AL, Juste RA, Hurtado A. Identification, genetic diversity and prevalence of Theileria and Babesia species in sheep population from Nortern Spain. Int J Parasitol 2004; 34(9): 1059-67.
  • Oliveira-Sequeira TCG, Oliveira MCS, Araujo JP, Amarante AFT. PCR-based detection of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in their natural host Boophilus microplus and cattle. Int J Parasitol 2005; 35(1): 105-11.
  • Oura CA, Bishop RP, Wampande EM, Lubega GW, Tait A. Application of a reverse line blot assay to the study of haemoparasites in cattle in Uganda. Int J Parasitol 2004; 34(5): 603-13.
  • Pusterla N, Huder J, Wolfensberger C, Braun U, Lutz H. Laboratory findings in cows after experimental infection with Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997; 4(6): 643-7.
  • Schouls LM, Van De Pol I, Rijpkema SG, Schot CS. Detection and Identification of Ehrlichia, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Bartonella Species in Dutch Ixodes ricinus Ticks. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37(7): 2215-22.
  • Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Inci A. Onder Z, Ciloglu A. Sığırlarda Babesia bovis ve Babesia bigemina’nın reverse line blotting, nested PCR ve real time PCR teknikleri İle karşılaştırmalı tanısı. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2013; 19(5): 895-902.
  • Uilenberg G. International collaborative research: significance of tick-borne hemoparasitic diseases to world animal health. Vet Parasitol 1995; 57(1-3): 19-41.
  • Uilenberg G. Babesiosis. Service MW, ed. In: Encyclopedia of Arthropod-Transmitted Infections of Man and Domesticated Animals, CABI Publishing, Wallingford. 2001; pp. 53-60.
  • Woldehiwet Z, Scott GR. Tick-borne (pasture) fever. Woldehivet Z, Ristic M, eds. In: Rickettsial Chlamydial Diseases of Domestic Animals, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1993; pp. 233-54.

Sivas Yöresinde Sığır ve Kenelerde Theileria, Babesia ve Anaplasma Enfeksiyonlarının Araştırılması

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 32 - 38, 23.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.690618

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Sivas yöresinde sığır ve kenelerde Theileria, Babesia ve Anaplasma türlerinin varlığı ve yaygınlığının araştırılması amaçlandı. Sığırlardan toplanan 314 EDTAlı kan ve 610 kene örneği analiz edildi. Kan ve kenelerden elde edilen genomic DNA’lardan polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ile Theileria, Babesia ve Anaplasma türlerinin 18S ve 16S rRNA parsiyal gen bölgeleri amplifiye edildi. Bir membran üzerine toplam 14 prob (iki cathall/genel, iki soy ve on tür) bağlandı ve PZR ürünleri reverse line blotting (RLB) ile analiz edildi. Pozitif örneklerin 18S ve 16S rRNA genlerinin kısmi dizileri belirlendi. RLB ve sekans analizi ile Sivas yöresinde sığır ve kenelerde; T. buffeli (KJ183080), A. centrale (KJ183082), A. marginale (KJ183083), A. bovis (KJ183084) ve bir Babesia genotipi (Babesia sp. Sivas, KJ183081) ile bir Anaplasma genotipi (Anaplasma sp. Sivas, KJ210855) tespit edildi. Babesia sp. Sivas izolatının, B. occultans, Babesia sp. Kashi ve Babesia sp. Kayseri izolatları ile %99, Anaplasma sp. Sivas izolatının ise Anaplasma sp. Clone 7 ile %99 ve A. bovis ile %98 benzerliğe sahip olduğu belirlendi. Sığırlarda Theileria ve Anaplasma enfeksiyonlarının genel prevalansı, RLB'de sırasıyla %5.10 ve %11.15 olarak bulundu. Bu çalışma Sivas yöresinde sığırlarda ve kenelerde Theileria, Babesia ve Anaplasma türlerinin belirlendiği ilk moleküler çalışma niteliğindedir.

References

  • Aktas M, Altay K, Dumanli N. PCR-based detection of Theileria ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa adult ticks. Vet Parasitol 2006; 140(3-4): 259-63.
  • Aktas M, Altay K, Dumanlı N. Molecular detection and identification of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in cattle from Turkey. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2011; 2(1): 62-6.
  • Aktas M, Ozubek S. Molecular and parasitological survey of bovine piroplasms in the Black Sea Region, including the first report of babesiosis associated with Babesia divergens in Turkey. J Med Entomol 2015; 52(6): 1344-50.
  • Altay K, Aktas M, Dumanli N. Theileria annulata Tams1 geninin PCR-RFLP analizi. Turk Parazitol Derg 2007; 31(3): 173-5.
  • Altay K, Aydin MF, Dumanli N, Aktas M. Molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia infections in cattle. Vet Parasitol 2008a; 158(4): 295-301.
  • Altay K, Aydin MF, Uluisik U, Aktas M, Dumanli N. Theileria annulata ve Theileria buffeli’nin teşhisinde multiplex PCR’ın kullanılması. Turk Parazitol Derg 2008b; 32(1): 1-3.
  • Altay K, Aktas M, Dumanli N. Detection of Babesia ovis by PCR in Rhipicephalus bursa collected from naturally infested sheep and goats. Res Vet Sci 2008c; 85(1): 116-9.
  • Altay K, Dumanli N, Aktas M. A study on ovine tick-borne hemoprotozoan parasites (Theileria and Babesia) in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey. Parasitol Res 2012; 111(1): 149-53.
  • Altay K, Dumanli N, Aktas M, Ozubek S. Survey of Anaplama infections in small ruminants from East part of Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2014; 20(1): 1-4.
  • Ciloglu A, Inci A, Yildirim A, Onder Z, Duzlu O. Babesia bigemina Kayseri/Türkiye suşunun in vivo ve in vitro izolatlarında apikal membran antijen-1 proteininin moleküler karakterizasyonu ve ekspresyonu. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg 2018; 65: 239-46.
  • d'Oliveira C, van der Weide M, Jacquiet P, Jongejan F. Detection of Theileria annulata by PCR in ticks (Acari: İxodidae) collected from cattle in Mauritania. Exp Appl Acarol 1997; 21(5): 279-91.
  • Donatien A, Lestoquard F. Rickettsia bovis, nouvelle espèce pathogène pour le bœuf. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1936; 29: 1057-61.
  • Dumler JS, Barbet AF, Bekker CP, Dasch GA, Palmer GH, Ray SC, Rikihisa Y, Rurangirwa F R. Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51(6): 2145-65.
  • Duzlu O, Inci A, Yildirim A. Karadeniz bolgesi’ndeki sığırlardan elde edilen Babesia bovis suşlarının molekuler karakterizasyonu. ERU Sag Bil Derg 2011; 20(1): 18-28.
  • Estrada-Pena A, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Walker AR. Ticks of Domestic Animals in the Mediterranean Region. University of Zaragoza, Spain, 2004.
  • Georges K, Loria GR, Riili S, Greco A, Caracappa S, Jongejan F, Sparagano O. Detection of haemoparasites in cattle by reverse line blot hybridisation with a note on the distribution of ticks in Sicily. Vet Parasitol 2001; 99(4): 273-86.
  • Gubbels JM, de Vos AP, van der Weide M, Viseras J, Schouls LM, de Vries E, Jongejan F. Simultaneous detection of bovine Theileria and Babesia species by reverse line blot hybridization. J Cli Microbiol 1999; 37(6): 1782-9.
  • Ica A, Inci A, Yildirim A. Parasitological and molecular prevalence of bovine Theileria and Babesia species in the vicinity of Kayseri. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2007a; 31(1): 33-8.
  • Ica A, Vatansever Z, Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Inci A. Detection af Theileria and Babesia species in ticks collected from cattle. Vet Parasitol 2007b; 148(2): 156-60.
  • Inci A, Yazar S, Tuncbilek AS, Canhilal R, Doganay M, Aydin L, Aktas M, Vatansever Z, Ozdarendeli A, Ozbel Y, Yildirim A, Duzlu O. Vectors and vector-borne diseases in Turkey (Review). Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg 2013; 60(4): 281-96.
  • Inci A, Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Doganay M, Aksoy S. Tick-borne diseases in Turkey: A review based on one health perspective. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(12): e0005021.
  • Inokuma H. Vectors and reservoir hosts of Anaplasmataceae. Raoult D, Parola P, eds. In: Rickettsial Diseases, Taylor & Grancis Group, LLC, New York. 2007; pp. 199-212. Kaufmann J. Parasitic Infections od Domestic Animals. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, Bostob, Berlin. 1996; p. 75.
  • Kirvar E, Ilhan T, Katzer F, Wilkie G, Hooshmand-Rad P, Brown D. Detection of Theileria lestoquardi (hirci) in ticks, sheep, goats using polymerase chain reaction. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998; 849(1): 52-62.
  • Kocan KM, Blouin EF, Barbet AF. Anaplasmosis control. Past, present, and future. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000: 916(1): 501-9.
  • Merdivenci A. Türkiye Keneleri Üzerine Araştırmalar. 1. Baskı, Kutulmuş Matbaası, İstanbul, 1969.
  • Nagore D, García-Sanmartín J, García-Pérez AL, Juste RA, Hurtado A. Identification, genetic diversity and prevalence of Theileria and Babesia species in sheep population from Nortern Spain. Int J Parasitol 2004; 34(9): 1059-67.
  • Oliveira-Sequeira TCG, Oliveira MCS, Araujo JP, Amarante AFT. PCR-based detection of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in their natural host Boophilus microplus and cattle. Int J Parasitol 2005; 35(1): 105-11.
  • Oura CA, Bishop RP, Wampande EM, Lubega GW, Tait A. Application of a reverse line blot assay to the study of haemoparasites in cattle in Uganda. Int J Parasitol 2004; 34(5): 603-13.
  • Pusterla N, Huder J, Wolfensberger C, Braun U, Lutz H. Laboratory findings in cows after experimental infection with Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997; 4(6): 643-7.
  • Schouls LM, Van De Pol I, Rijpkema SG, Schot CS. Detection and Identification of Ehrlichia, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Bartonella Species in Dutch Ixodes ricinus Ticks. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37(7): 2215-22.
  • Yildirim A, Duzlu O, Inci A. Onder Z, Ciloglu A. Sığırlarda Babesia bovis ve Babesia bigemina’nın reverse line blotting, nested PCR ve real time PCR teknikleri İle karşılaştırmalı tanısı. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2013; 19(5): 895-902.
  • Uilenberg G. International collaborative research: significance of tick-borne hemoparasitic diseases to world animal health. Vet Parasitol 1995; 57(1-3): 19-41.
  • Uilenberg G. Babesiosis. Service MW, ed. In: Encyclopedia of Arthropod-Transmitted Infections of Man and Domesticated Animals, CABI Publishing, Wallingford. 2001; pp. 53-60.
  • Woldehiwet Z, Scott GR. Tick-borne (pasture) fever. Woldehivet Z, Ristic M, eds. In: Rickettsial Chlamydial Diseases of Domestic Animals, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1993; pp. 233-54.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kursat Altay This is me

Ahmet Duran Atas This is me

Yusuf Ziya Ograk This is me

Erkan Ozkan

Publication Date March 23, 2020
Submission Date July 16, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 17 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Altay, K., Atas, A. D., Ograk, Y. Z., Ozkan, E. (2020). Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.690618
AMA Altay K, Atas AD, Ograk YZ, Ozkan E. Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. March 2020;17(1):32-38. doi:10.32707/ercivet.690618
Chicago Altay, Kursat, Ahmet Duran Atas, Yusuf Ziya Ograk, and Erkan Ozkan. “Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17, no. 1 (March 2020): 32-38. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.690618.
EndNote Altay K, Atas AD, Ograk YZ, Ozkan E (March 1, 2020) Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17 1 32–38.
IEEE K. Altay, A. D. Atas, Y. Z. Ograk, and E. Ozkan, “Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey”, Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 32–38, 2020, doi: 10.32707/ercivet.690618.
ISNAD Altay, Kursat et al. “Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17/1 (March 2020), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.690618.
JAMA Altay K, Atas AD, Ograk YZ, Ozkan E. Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17:32–38.
MLA Altay, Kursat et al. “Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 17, no. 1, 2020, pp. 32-38, doi:10.32707/ercivet.690618.
Vancouver Altay K, Atas AD, Ograk YZ, Ozkan E. Survey of Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma Infections of Cattle and Ticks from Sivas Region of Turkey. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17(1):32-8.