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Ruminantlar için Alternatif Kaba Yem Olarak Aspir Yeşil Otu ve Aspir Samanının Doymuş ve Doymamış Yağ Asiti Kompozisyonunun Karşılaştırılması

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 3, 248 - 254, 01.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.828777

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, ruminantlar için alternatif kaba yem olarak aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L. Dinçer; dikensiz) bitkisi-nin yeşil ot ve samanındaki doymuş ve doymamış yağ asidi bileşenlerinin araştırılmasını amaçlanmıştır. Aspir yeşil otu ve samanındaki en yüksek oranda bulunan yağ asitleri linoleik, palmitik, oleik ve stearik asit olarak belirlendi. Aspir yeşil otunun toplam yağ asitleri içindeki miristik, pentadekanoik, cis-10-pentadekanoik, palmitik, palmitoleik, cis-10-pentadekanoik, a-linolenik, cis-eikosatrienoik, erüsik, cis-dokosaheksaenoik, tricosanoik ve lignoserik asitlerin oranları aspir samanındakinden yüksekti (P<0.01). Aspir yeşil otunun toplam yağ asitleri içinde margarik, stearik, elaidik, oleik, linoleik, cis-11-eikoenyonik, araşidonik, cis-eikosapentaenoik ve nervonik asitlerin oranları aspir samanınınkinden daha düşüktü (P<0.001). Aspir yeşil otunun toplam asitlerinde doymuş yağ asidi (SFA), orta zincirli yağ asitleri (MCFA), çok uzun zincirli yağ asitleri (VLCFA) ve w-3 oranları ile w-3/w-6 oranı aspir samanından daha yüksekti (P<0.001). Aspir samanının toplam yağ asitlerindeki doymamış yağ asidi (UFA), tekli doymamış yağ asidi (MUFA), çoklu doymamış yağ asidi (PUFA), w-6, w-9 ve uzun zincirli yağ asitleri (LCFA) oranları aspir yeşil otununkinden daha yüksekti (P<0.001). Aspir otunun kuru maddesinde (KM) mg/g olarak palmitik, stearik, oleik ve linoleik asit içerikleri, aspir samanından da-ha düşüktü. Sonuç olarak, aspir yeşil otu ve aspir samanı (mg/g KM) zengin bir yağ asidi içeriğine sahipti. Aspir sama-nının önemli biyolojik aktiviteye sahip olan esansiyel yağ asitlerin oranı ve miktarı aspir yeşil otundan daha yüksekti. Genel olarak, bu yemler w-3 ve w-6 yağ asitleri bakımından zengin alternatif kaba yemler olarak öne çıkmaktadır.

References

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  • Asgharzadeh F, Nasri MHF, Behdani MA. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on nutritive value of safflower forage and silage. J Anim PoultSci 2013; 3: 66-75.
  • Baumler E, Cuniberti A, Nolascoa SM, Riccobene IC. Moisture dependent physical and compression properties of safflower seed. J Food Eng 2006; 72: 134-40.
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  • Cagri A, Kara K. The effect of safflower on the in vitro digestion parameters and methane production in horse and ruminant. Acta Vet Eurasia 2018; 44: 73-84.
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  • Kara K. The investigation of milk urea nitrogen and milk fatty acids compositions in dairy cattle with subacute ruminal acidosis. Vet Med (Czech) 2020: 65; 1-8.
  • Khan NA, Farooq MW, Ali M, Suleman M, Ahmad N, Sulaiman SM, Cone JW, Hendriks WH. Effect of species and harvest maturity on the fatty acidsprofile of tropical forages. J Anim Plant Sci 2015: 25(3); 739-46.
  • Kramer JK, Feller V, Dugan ME, Sauer FD, Mossoba MM, Yurawecz MP. Evaluating acid and base cat-alysts in the methylation of milk and rumen fatty acids with special emphasis on conjugated dienes and total trans fatty acids. Lipids 1997; 32: 1219-28.
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  • Landau S, Friedman S, Brenner S, Bruckental I, Weinberg ZG, Ashbell G, Hen Y, Dvash L, Leshem Y. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as a novel pasture species for dairy sheep in the Mediterra-nean conditions of Sardinia and Israel. Small Rum Res 2005; 59: 239-49.
  • Mir PS, Bittman S, Hunt D Lipid content and fatty acid composition of grasses sampled on different dates through the early part of the growing season. Can J Anim Sci 2006: 86; 279-90.
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  • Van Ranst G, Fievez V, Vandewalle M. Influence of herbage species, cultivar and cutting date on fatty acid composition of herbage and lipid metabolism during ensiling. Grass Forage Sci 2009; 64: 196-207.
  • Vanhatalo A, Kuoppala K, Toivonen V. Effects of forage species and stage of maturity on bovine milk fatty acid composition. Eur J Lipid Sci Tech 2007; 108: 856-67.
  • Wang J, Wu W, Wang X, Wang M, Wu F. An affec-tive GC method for the determination of the fatty acid composition in silkworm pupae oil using a two-step methylation process. J Serb Chem Soc 2015: 80; 9-20.

The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 3, 248 - 254, 01.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.828777

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the saturated and unsaturated fatty acid compositions in herbage and straw of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. Dinçer; thornless) plant as alternative forage for ruminant. Major fatty acids in safflower herbage and safflower straw were determined as linoleic, palmitic, oleic and stearic acids. The pro-portions of myristic, pentadecanoic, cis-10-pentadecenoic, palmitic, palmitoleic, cis-10-pentadecenoic, α-linolenic, cis-eicosatrienoic, erucic, cis-docosahexaenoic, tricosanoic and lignoceric acids in total fat acids of safflower herbage were higher than those of safflower straw (P<0.01). The proportions of margaric, stearic, elaidic, oleic, linoleic, cis-11-eicoenioic, arachidonic, cis-eicosapentaenoic and nervonic acids in total fatty acids of safflower herbage were lower than those of safflower straw (P<0.001). The proportions of saturated fatty acid (SFA), medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA), very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and w-3, and w-3/w-6 ratio for fatty acids of safflower herbage were high-er than those of safflower straw (P<0.001). The proportions of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), w-6, w-9 and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) in total fatty acids of safflower straw were higher than those of safflower herbage (P<0.001). Palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids contents as mg/g in dry matter (DM) of safflower herbage were lower than those of safflower straw. As a result, safflower herbage and safflower straw had a rich fatty acid content in mg/g DM. The proportions and amounts of essential fatty acids in saf-flower straw, which have important biological activity, were higher than safflower herbage. In general, these feedstuffs stand out as rich alternative forages in w-3 and w-6 fatty acids.

References

  • Aardema H, Vos PL, Lolicato F, Roelen BAJ, Knijn HM, Vaandrager AB, Helms JB, Gadella BM. Oleic acid prevents detrimental effects of saturated fatty acids on bovine oocyte developmental competen-ce. Biol Reprod 2011: 85; 62-9.
  • Altin TB, Barak B, Altin BN. Change in precipitation and temperature amounts over three decades in central Anatolia, Turkey. Atmosph Clim Sci 2012; 2: 107-25.
  • Asgharzadeh F, Nasri MHF, Behdani MA. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on nutritive value of safflower forage and silage. J Anim PoultSci 2013; 3: 66-75.
  • Baumler E, Cuniberti A, Nolascoa SM, Riccobene IC. Moisture dependent physical and compression properties of safflower seed. J Food Eng 2006; 72: 134-40.
  • Boufaied H, Chouinard PY, Tremblay GF. Fatty acids in forages. I. Factors affecting concentrations. Can J Anim Sci 2003: 83; 501-11.
  • Cagri A, Kara K. The effect of safflower on the in vitro digestion parameters and methane production in horse and ruminant. Acta Vet Eurasia 2018; 44: 73-84.
  • Dewhurst RJ, Scollan ND, Youell SJ. Influence of species, cutting date and cutting interval on the fatty acid composition of grasses. Grass Forage Sci 2001: 56; 68-74.
  • Dierking RM, Kallenbach RL, Roberts CA. Fatty acid profiles of orchardgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, and alfalfa. Crop Sci 2010: 50; 391-402.
  • Elgersma A, Dijkstra J, Tamminga S. Fresh Herbage for Dairy Cattle. the Netherlands: Springer 2006; pp: 175-94.
  • Ersahince AC, Kara K. Nutrient composition and in vitro digestion parameters of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) herbage at different ma-turity stages in horse and ruminant. J Anim Feed Sci 2017: 26; 213-25.
  • Gilbert J. International safflower production- an overview. 7th International Safflower Confer-ence. November, 3rd-6th, 2008; Wagga Wagga, NSW- Australia.
  • Glasser F, Doreau M, Maxin G. Fat and fatty acid content and composition of forages: A meta-analysis. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2013; 185: 19-34.
  • Kalac P, Samkova E. The effects of feeding various forages on fatty acid composition of bovine milk fat: A review. Czech J Anim Sci 2010: 55; 521-37.
  • Kara K, Ozkaya S, Baytok E, Guclu BK,Aktug E, Er-bas S. Effect of phenological stage on nutrient composition, in vitro fermentation and gas produc-tion kinetics of Plantago lanceolata herbage. Vet Med (Czech) 2018; 63: 251-60.
  • Kara K. The investigation of milk urea nitrogen and milk fatty acids compositions in dairy cattle with subacute ruminal acidosis. Vet Med (Czech) 2020: 65; 1-8.
  • Khan NA, Farooq MW, Ali M, Suleman M, Ahmad N, Sulaiman SM, Cone JW, Hendriks WH. Effect of species and harvest maturity on the fatty acidsprofile of tropical forages. J Anim Plant Sci 2015: 25(3); 739-46.
  • Kramer JK, Feller V, Dugan ME, Sauer FD, Mossoba MM, Yurawecz MP. Evaluating acid and base cat-alysts in the methylation of milk and rumen fatty acids with special emphasis on conjugated dienes and total trans fatty acids. Lipids 1997; 32: 1219-28.
  • Landau S, Friedman S, Brenner S, Bruckental I, GWeinberg Z, Ashbell G, Hen Y, Dvash L, Leshem Y. The value of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) hay and silage grown under Mediterranean condi-tions as forage for dairy cattle. Livest Prod Sci 2004; 88: 263-71.
  • Landau S, Friedman S, Brenner S, Bruckental I, Weinberg ZG, Ashbell G, Hen Y, Dvash L, Leshem Y. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as a novel pasture species for dairy sheep in the Mediterra-nean conditions of Sardinia and Israel. Small Rum Res 2005; 59: 239-49.
  • Mir PS, Bittman S, Hunt D Lipid content and fatty acid composition of grasses sampled on different dates through the early part of the growing season. Can J Anim Sci 2006: 86; 279-90.
  • Official Methods of Analysis (AOAC) Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 15th ed. Arlington, VA. 1995.
  • Turkey Statistical Institution (TUİK). Plant Production Statistics. Access address: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1001 Access date: 25.06.2020.
  • Van Ranst G, Fievez V, Vandewalle M. Influence of herbage species, cultivar and cutting date on fatty acid composition of herbage and lipid metabolism during ensiling. Grass Forage Sci 2009; 64: 196-207.
  • Vanhatalo A, Kuoppala K, Toivonen V. Effects of forage species and stage of maturity on bovine milk fatty acid composition. Eur J Lipid Sci Tech 2007; 108: 856-67.
  • Wang J, Wu W, Wang X, Wang M, Wu F. An affec-tive GC method for the determination of the fatty acid composition in silkworm pupae oil using a two-step methylation process. J Serb Chem Soc 2015: 80; 9-20.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kanber Kara This is me 0000-0001-9867-1344

Publication Date December 1, 2020
Submission Date June 30, 2020
Acceptance Date August 24, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 17 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kara, K. (2020). The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(3), 248-254. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.828777
AMA Kara K. The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. December 2020;17(3):248-254. doi:10.32707/ercivet.828777
Chicago Kara, Kanber. “The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw As Alternative Forage for Ruminant”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17, no. 3 (December 2020): 248-54. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.828777.
EndNote Kara K (December 1, 2020) The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17 3 248–254.
IEEE K. Kara, “The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant”, Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 248–254, 2020, doi: 10.32707/ercivet.828777.
ISNAD Kara, Kanber. “The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw As Alternative Forage for Ruminant”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17/3 (December 2020), 248-254. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.828777.
JAMA Kara K. The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17:248–254.
MLA Kara, Kanber. “The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw As Alternative Forage for Ruminant”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 17, no. 3, 2020, pp. 248-54, doi:10.32707/ercivet.828777.
Vancouver Kara K. The Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Safflower Herbage and Safflower Straw as Alternative Forage for Ruminant. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17(3):248-54.