The Substitution of Corn Silage with Potato Pulp Silage at Differing Level in Dairy Cows on Milk Yield, Composition and Rumen Volatile Fatty Acids*

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 01.04.2021

Hasan Hüseyin Şenyüz Mehmet Akif Karslı

https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.872993

Cited By: 4

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of potato pulp silage (PPS) prepared with wheat bran and barley straw and the effects of the substituting corn silage with potato pulp silage at differing levels in dairy cows on milk yield, composition and rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA). The study consisted of two experiments. Nutrient con-tents, fermentation parameters, in situ organic matter (OM) and starch degradabilities, in vitro digestibility (IVD) and metabolic energy (ME) content of PPS were determined in the first experiment. The effects of substituting corn silage with potato pulp silage at 0%, 15%, 30% and 45% in the diet of lactating 12 dairy cows on feed intake, milk yield, milk components, rumen fermentation parameters were evaluated in the second experiment. While dry matter (DM), OM and crude protein (CP) contents, pH of silages were statistically similar, starch content, in vitro organic matter digesti-bility (IVOMD), ME, net energy lactation (NEL), and lactic acid values were significantly higher in PPS compared with corn silage (P<0.05). Organic matter intake, milk yield, the composition of milk, post-feeding pH and total VFA levels of ruminal fluid at all sampling hours were similar among the dairy cows (P>0.05). It was concluded that; PPS prepared with wheat bran and straw had a very good silage quality and were even better than corn silage (control). Substitution of corn silage with PPS up to 45% did not cause any negative effects on rumen fermentation parameters and can be safely substituted with corn silage up to 45% in dairy cow diets.

Keywords

corn silage, dairy cattle, in situ, milk composition

Süt İnekleri Rasyonlarına Mısır Silajı Yerine Farklı Düzeylerde Katılan Patates Posası Silajının Süt Verimi, Süt Bileşenleri ve Rumen Uçucu Yağ Asitleri

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı buğday kepeği ve saman ilave edilerek hazırlanan patates posası silajının (PPS) kalite özellikleri ile süt sığırlarında mısır silajı yerine değişik oranlarda patates posası silajı kullanımının süt verimi, sütün bile-şimi ve rumen uçucu yağ asitleri (UYA) üzerine olan etkilerini saptamaktır. Bu çalışma iki aşamada yürütülmüştür. İlk aşamada PPS’nin besin madde içerikleri, fermentasyon parametreleri, in situ organik madde (OM) ve nişasta sindirile-bilirlikleri, in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirlik (OMS) ile enerji düzeyleri saptanmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise PPS, mısır silajı yerine %0, 15, 30 ve 45 oranlarda ikame edilmiş ve 12 baş süt ineğinde yem tüketimi, süt verimi, süt bileşimi ile rumen fermentasyon parametreleri üzerine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Silajların kuru madde (KM), organik madde (OM), hamprotein (HP) ve pH içerikleri istatistiki olarak benzer, nişasta, in vitro OM sindirilebilirlikleri, metabolik enerji (ME), net enerji laktasyon (NEL), ile laktik asit düzeyleri PPS’de mısır silajına göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0.05). İnekle-rin OM tüketimi, süt verimi, süt bileşenleri, yemleme sonrası rumen pH ve UYA arasındaki farklılıklar önemsiz bulun-muştur (P>0.05). Sonuç olarak buğday kepeği ve saman ile hazırlanan PPS’nin silaj kalitesinin çok iyi ve hatta mısır silajından daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Süt ineği rasyonlarına mısır silajı yerine %45 oranında PPS katılması ineklerin rumen fermentasyon parametrelerinde olumsuz etkiye neden olmayacağı ve %45 oranında güvenle kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.

Keywords

in situ, mısır silajı, patates posası, süt bileşimi, süt sığırı

References

• Aibibula Y, Okine A, Hanada M, Murata S, Okamoto M, Goto M.Effect of replacing rolled corn with po-tato pulp silage in grass silage-based diets on nitrogen utilization by steers. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 2007; 20(8): 1215-21.
• AOAC. Association of Official Analitical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. Fifteenth Edition. Washington, DC, 1990; p: 69-79.
• Bakshi MPS, Wadhwa M, Makkar HP. Waste to worth: Vegetable wastes as animal feed. CAB Reviews 2016; 11(12): 1-26.
• Baytok E, Aksu T, Karsli MA, Muruz H.The effects of formic acid, molasses and inoculant as silage additives on corn silage composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2005; 29(2): 469-74.
• Bingöl NT, Karsli MA, Bolat D, Akça İ. Vejetasyonun farkli dönemlerinde hasat edilen korungaya ilave edilen melas ve formik asit’in silaj kalitesi ve in vitro kuru madde sindirilebilirliği üzerine etkileri. Van Vet J 2008; 19(2): 61-6.
• Boğa M, Çevik KK. Ruminant hayvanlar için karma yem hazirlama programi. Ondördüncü Akademik Bilişim Konferansı (AB’12). Şubat, 1-3, 2012; Uşak-Turkey.
• Ergün A, Tuncer ŞD, Çolpan İ, Yalçin S, Yildiz G, Küçükersan MK, Küçükersan S, Şehu A. Yem-ler, Yem Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi. Ankara: Medi-press, 2002; s. 80.
• FAO. Agricultural Statistics. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data; Accessed Date: 30.06.2020.
• Filya I. The effect of lactobacillus buchneri and lacto-bacillus plantarum on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and ruminal degradability of low dry mat-ter corn and sorghum silages. J Dairy Sci 2003; 86(11): 3575-81.
• Goering HK, Van Soest PJ. Forage Fiber Analyses (Apparatus, Reagents, Prcedures, and Some Applications). USDA Agr Handb, 1970; p: 14.
• Kara K, Aktuğ E, Özkaya S, Guclu BK, Baytok E. The digestion levels for ruminants of potato starch by-products: potato pulp, potato pulp with peel and potato peel. Second International Animal Nutrition Congress. November, 1-4, 2018; Antalya-Turkey.
• Marten GC, Barnes RF. Prediction of energy digesti-bility of forages with in vitro rumen fermentation and fungal enzyme systems. Workshop of Stand-ardization of Analytical Methodology for Feeds. March, 12-14,1979; IDRC, Ottawa-Canada.
• Mohamadian S, Alipour D, Mahmoudi-Abyane M. Effect of different moisture absorbents on silage fermentation quality of wet potato pulp. Iranian J Anim Sci Res 2016; 8(2): 248-57.
• Muck RE. Effects of corn silage inoculants on aerobic stability. Annual Meeting of American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASAE). 2002; 47: 1011. (doi: 10.13031/2013.9144).
• Nicholson J, Friend D. The digestibility of potato pulp protein by some species of farm animals. Can J Anim Sci 1965; 45(3): 141-5.
• Oda Y, Saito K, Yamauchi H, Mori M. Lactic acid fermentation of potato pulp by the fungus rhizopus oryzae. Cur Mic 2002; 45(1): 1-4.
• Okine A, Hanada M, Aıbıbula Y, Okamoto M. Ensiling of potato pulp with or without bacterial inoculants and its effect on fermentation quality, nutrient composition and nutritive value. Animal Feed Sci Tech 2005;121(3-4): 329-43.
• Öztürk H, Pişkin İ. Rumen asidozuna fizyopatolojik bakış. Vet Hekim Der Derg 2009; 80: 3-6.
• Pen B, Oyabu T, Hidaka S, Hidari H. Effect of potato by-products based silage on growth performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of carcass fats in holstein steers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2005; 18(4): 490-6.
• SAS. User’s Guide version 8.2: SAS Institute. Inc., Cary, NC, 1995.
• Satter LD, Slyter LL. Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial protein production in vitro. British J Nut 1974; 32(2): 199-208.
• Schneider PL, Stokes MR, Bull LS, Walker CK. Eva-luation of potato meal as a feed stuff for lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 1985; 68(7): 1738-43.
• Sugimoto M, Saito W, Ooi M, Sato Y, Saito T, Mori K. The effects of potato pulp and feding level of supplements on digestibility, in situ forage degra-dation and ruminal fermentation in beef steers. Anim Sci J 2006; 77(6): 587-94.
• Sugimoto M, Chiba T, Kanamoto M, Hidari H, Kida K, Saito W, Ooi M, SatoY, Saito. Effects of urea tre-atment of potato pulp and inclusion levels of pota-to pulp silage in supplements on digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers. Anim Sci J 2007; 78(6): 587-95.
• Sugimoto M, Kanamoto M, Chiba T, Hidari H, Kida K, Saito W, Ooi M, Sato Y, Saito T. The effects of protein sources supplemented with urea‐treated potato pulp (pp) silage and feeding levels of the pp silage‐based concentrate on feed intake, di-gestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers. Anim Sci J 2008; 79(4): 443-52.
• Sugimoto M, Saito W, Ooi M, Sato Y, Saito T. The effects of inclusion levels of urea-treated potato pulp silage in concentrate an droughage sources on finishing performance and carcass quality in cull beef cows. Anim Sci J 2009; 80(3): 280-5.
• Sugimoto M, Saito W, Ooi M. The effects of urea‐treated potato pulp (pp) ensiled with beet pulp or wheat bran pellets to reduce moisture of pp and flake density of corn grain supplemented with the pp silage on digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers. AnimSci J 2010; 81(3): 316-24.
• Tekce E, Gül M. Ruminant beslemede NDF ve ADF’nin önemi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Vet Bil Derg 2014; 9(1): 63-73.
• Tilley JM, Terry R. A Two‐stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass Forage Sci 1963; 18(2): 104-11.
• Tjardes K, Buskirk D, Allen M, Ames N, Bourquin L, Rust S. Brown midrib-3 corn silage improves di-gestion but not performance of growing beef steers. J Anim Sci 2000; 78(11): 2957-65.
• TS EN ISO 10520 2002. Native starch determination of starch content. Ewers Polarimetric Method.
• Tuncer Ş, Kocabatmaz M, Coşkun B, Şeker E. Kimyasal maddelerle muamele edilen arpa sa-manının sindirilme derecesinin naylon kese (nylon bag) tekniği ile tespit edilmesi. T Vet Anim Sci J 1989; 13: 66-81.
• Ünalan A, Cebeci Z. Siyah alaca sığırlarda ilk üç lak-tasyon süt verimine ait genetik parametreler ve korelasyonların reml yöntemi ile tahmini. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2004; 28(6): 1043-9.
• Van Soest P, Robertson J. Systems of analysis for evaluating fibrous feeds standardization of analyti-cal methodology for feeds. Pigden WJ, Balch CC, Graham M eds. In: Standardization of Analytical Methodology for Feeds. Ottawa: Proceedings IDRC, 1979; p: 49.
• Wang T, Wu Y, Jiang C, Liu Y. Solid state fermented potato pulp can be used as poultry feed. British Poult Sci 2010; 51(2): 229-34.
• Yaylak E, Alçiçek A. Sığır besiciliğinde ucuz bir kaba yem kaynağı: Mısır silajı. Hayvansal Üretim 2004; 44(2): 29-36.
• Zhang WW, Zhang YG, Liu Z. Effect of different ab-sorbents on fermentation quality of wet potato pulp. J Anim Vet Adv 2012; 11(22): 4230-5.
• Zunong M, Tuerhong T, Okamoto M, Hongo A, Hana-da M. Effects of a potato pulp silage supplement on the composition of milk fatty acids when fed to grazing dairy cows. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2009; 152(1-2): 81-91.