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Mediating Role of Coping on the Relationship Among Individual Resources Job Crafting and Job Engagement

Year 2021, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 1741 - 1754, 17.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1002287

Abstract

Employees' engagement is effected by the resources they have to fulfill job demands and their level of job crafting. In this study, we investigated the mediating role of employees' coping skills on the relationship among individual resources, job crafting, and engagement in the context of job demands and resources. For this purpose, the research hypotheses were tested by applying quantitative analyses of the data collected from 276 employees using the questionnaire method through the core self-evaluations, coping with stress, job engagement, and job crafting scales. The findings have shown that coping and job crafting have a significant sequential mediating role on the effect of positive core self-evaluations on job engagement. It has been evaluated employees’ personal resources positively effect job engagement through coping abilities and job crafting. The findings were discussed in the context of the literature and it has been suggested that the job demands-resources model can be expanded with the concept of coping.

References

  • Ângelo, R. P., & Chambel, M. J. (2014). The role of proactive coping in the Job Demands–Resources Model: A cross-section study with firefighters. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(2), 203-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.728701
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands–Resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309-328.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285.Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65 (10), 1359-1378.
  • Baltaş Z., Atakuman, Y. & Duman, Y. (1998) Standardization of the Perceived Stress Scale: Perceived stress in middle managers. Stress and Anxiety Research Society 19 the International Conference. Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, July 10-12.
  • Bipp, T., Kleingeld, A., & Ebert, T. (2019). Core self-evaluations as a personal resource at work for motivation and health. Personality and Individual Differences, 151, 109556.
  • Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24 (4), 385-396.
  • Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: A theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 834–848.
  • Eryılmaz, E., & Doğan, T. (2012). İş yaşamında öznel iyi oluş: Utrecht İşe Bağlılık Ölçeğinin psikometrik niteliklerinin incelenmesi, Klinik Psikiyatri, 15, 49-55.
  • Eskin, M., Harlak, H., Demirkıran, F. & Dereboy, Ç. (2013). Algılanan Stres Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Analizi. New/Yeni Symposium Journal, 51(3), 132-140.
  • Güler, M., Çetin, F. & Basım, H. N. (2019) İşe Tutulma Ölçeği çok kısa versiyonu (UWES-3) geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması: Alternatif bir versiyon (UWES-6) önerisi, İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 6(2), 187-195.
  • Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for FIT indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives, SEM. 6 (1), 1-55.
  • Jones, F. & Bright, J. (2001) Stress Myth, Theory and Research, Pearson.
  • Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The core self-evaluations scale: Development of a measure, Personnel Psychology, 56, 303-331.
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692-724.
  • Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., Judge, T. A., & Scott, B. A. (2009). The role of core self-evaluations in the coping process. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(1), 177-195. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013214
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1993). From psychological stress to the emotions: A history of changing outlooks, Annual Review of Psychology, 44, 1-21.
  • Lichtenthaler, P. W. & Fischbach, A. (2019). A meta-analysis on promotion- and prevention-focused job crafting, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(1), 30-50.
  • Mazzetti, G., Robledo, E., Vignoli, M., Topa, G., Guglielmi, D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2021). Work Engagement: A meta-Analysis Using the Job Demands-Resources Model. Psychological Reports, 003329412110519. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941211051988
  • Örücü, M. Ç. ve Demir, A. (2009). Psychometric evaluation of perceived stress scale for Turkish university students, Stress and Health, 25(1), 103–109.
  • Özkalp, E. & Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker tarafından geliştirilmiş olan İşe Angaje Olma Ölçeğinin Türkçe’de güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğinin analizi, İş, Güç Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 17(3), 04-19.
  • Preacher, K. J. & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods. 40, 879-91.
  • Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A. & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance, Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617-635.
  • Searle, B. J., & Lee, L. (2015). Proactive coping as a personal resource in the expanded job demands–resources model. International Journal of Stress Management, 22(1), 46–69.
  • Shrout, P. E. & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods. 7, 422-45.
  • Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3(2), 126- 146.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293-315.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. & Salanova, M. (2006). The Measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire A Cross-National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 66(4), 701-716.
  • Schaufeli, W.B. & Taris, T.W. (2014). A critical review of the Job Demands-Resources Model: Implications for improving work and health. In G. Bauer & O. Hämmig (Eds), Bridging occupational, organizational and public health. Springer. 43-68.
  • Şeşen, H. (2010). Öncülleri ve sonuçları ile örgüt içi girişimcilik: Türk Savunma Sanayinde bir araştırma. Doktora Tezi. Kara Harp Okulu, Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics, Pearson.
  • Taris, T.W. & Schaufeli, W.B. (2016). The Job Demands-Resources model. In: S. Clarke, T.M. Probst, F. Guldenmund & J. Passmore (Eds.). The Wiley Blackwell handbook of the psychology of occupational safety and workplace health. John Wiley. pp.157-180.
  • Tims M, & Akkermans J (2017) Core self-evaluations and work engagement: Testing a perception, action, and development path. PLoS ONE, 12(8), e0182745.
  • Tims, M. & Bakker, A.B. (2010), Job crafting: towards a new model of individual job redesign, South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36 (2), 1-9.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A.B. & Derks, D. (2012), Development and validation of the job crafting scale”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80 (19), 173-186.
  • Tims, M., B. Bakker, A. and Derks, D. (2014), Daily job crafting and the self-efficacy - performance relationship", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(5), 490-507. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-05-2012- 0148.
  • Tummers, L. G., & Bakker, A. B. (2021). Leadership and Job Demands-Resources Theory: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 4149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722080
  • Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective Events Theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews, 18, (1–74). Elsevier Science/JAI Press.
  • Wrzesniewski, A. & Dutton, J. E. (2001), Crafting a Job: Revisioning Employees as Active Crafters of Their Work, The Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179-201.

Bireysel Kaynaklar, İşi Biçimlendirme ve İşe Tutulma İlişkisinde Başa Çıkmanın Aracılık Rolü

Year 2021, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 1741 - 1754, 17.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1002287

Abstract

Çalışanların işlerine tutulmaları, iş taleplerine karşı sahip oldukları kaynaklardan ve işlerini biçimlendirebilme düzeylerinden etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada İş Talepleri-Kaynakları Modelinde belirtilen bireysel kaynaklar, işi biçimlendirme ve işe tutulma ilişkisinde, çalışanların başa çıkma becerilerinin aracılık rolü araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla temel benlik değerlendirmeleri, başa çıkma, işi biçimlendirme ve işe tutulma ölçekleri kullanılarak 276 çalışandan anket yöntemiyle toplanan verinin nicel analizleri yapılmış ve araştırmanın hipotezleri test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular olumlu benlik değerlendirmesinin işe tutulma üzerindeki etkisinde başa çıkmanın ve işi biçimlendirmenin anlamlı bir biçimde sıralı aracılık rolünün olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışanların sahip oldukları kişisel kaynaklarının, başa çıkma yeteneklerini ve işi biçimlendirmelerini etkilemesi yoluyla nihai olarak işe tutulmalarını olumlu yönde etkilediği değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular yazın bağlamında tartışılarak İş Talepleri-Kaynakları Modelinin başa çıkma kavramıyla geliştirilebileceği önerilmiştir.

References

  • Ângelo, R. P., & Chambel, M. J. (2014). The role of proactive coping in the Job Demands–Resources Model: A cross-section study with firefighters. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(2), 203-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.728701
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands–Resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309-328.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285.Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65 (10), 1359-1378.
  • Baltaş Z., Atakuman, Y. & Duman, Y. (1998) Standardization of the Perceived Stress Scale: Perceived stress in middle managers. Stress and Anxiety Research Society 19 the International Conference. Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, July 10-12.
  • Bipp, T., Kleingeld, A., & Ebert, T. (2019). Core self-evaluations as a personal resource at work for motivation and health. Personality and Individual Differences, 151, 109556.
  • Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24 (4), 385-396.
  • Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: A theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 834–848.
  • Eryılmaz, E., & Doğan, T. (2012). İş yaşamında öznel iyi oluş: Utrecht İşe Bağlılık Ölçeğinin psikometrik niteliklerinin incelenmesi, Klinik Psikiyatri, 15, 49-55.
  • Eskin, M., Harlak, H., Demirkıran, F. & Dereboy, Ç. (2013). Algılanan Stres Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Analizi. New/Yeni Symposium Journal, 51(3), 132-140.
  • Güler, M., Çetin, F. & Basım, H. N. (2019) İşe Tutulma Ölçeği çok kısa versiyonu (UWES-3) geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması: Alternatif bir versiyon (UWES-6) önerisi, İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 6(2), 187-195.
  • Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for FIT indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives, SEM. 6 (1), 1-55.
  • Jones, F. & Bright, J. (2001) Stress Myth, Theory and Research, Pearson.
  • Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The core self-evaluations scale: Development of a measure, Personnel Psychology, 56, 303-331.
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692-724.
  • Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., Judge, T. A., & Scott, B. A. (2009). The role of core self-evaluations in the coping process. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(1), 177-195. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013214
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1993). From psychological stress to the emotions: A history of changing outlooks, Annual Review of Psychology, 44, 1-21.
  • Lichtenthaler, P. W. & Fischbach, A. (2019). A meta-analysis on promotion- and prevention-focused job crafting, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(1), 30-50.
  • Mazzetti, G., Robledo, E., Vignoli, M., Topa, G., Guglielmi, D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2021). Work Engagement: A meta-Analysis Using the Job Demands-Resources Model. Psychological Reports, 003329412110519. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941211051988
  • Örücü, M. Ç. ve Demir, A. (2009). Psychometric evaluation of perceived stress scale for Turkish university students, Stress and Health, 25(1), 103–109.
  • Özkalp, E. & Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker tarafından geliştirilmiş olan İşe Angaje Olma Ölçeğinin Türkçe’de güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğinin analizi, İş, Güç Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 17(3), 04-19.
  • Preacher, K. J. & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods. 40, 879-91.
  • Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A. & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance, Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617-635.
  • Searle, B. J., & Lee, L. (2015). Proactive coping as a personal resource in the expanded job demands–resources model. International Journal of Stress Management, 22(1), 46–69.
  • Shrout, P. E. & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods. 7, 422-45.
  • Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3(2), 126- 146.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293-315.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. & Salanova, M. (2006). The Measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire A Cross-National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 66(4), 701-716.
  • Schaufeli, W.B. & Taris, T.W. (2014). A critical review of the Job Demands-Resources Model: Implications for improving work and health. In G. Bauer & O. Hämmig (Eds), Bridging occupational, organizational and public health. Springer. 43-68.
  • Şeşen, H. (2010). Öncülleri ve sonuçları ile örgüt içi girişimcilik: Türk Savunma Sanayinde bir araştırma. Doktora Tezi. Kara Harp Okulu, Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics, Pearson.
  • Taris, T.W. & Schaufeli, W.B. (2016). The Job Demands-Resources model. In: S. Clarke, T.M. Probst, F. Guldenmund & J. Passmore (Eds.). The Wiley Blackwell handbook of the psychology of occupational safety and workplace health. John Wiley. pp.157-180.
  • Tims M, & Akkermans J (2017) Core self-evaluations and work engagement: Testing a perception, action, and development path. PLoS ONE, 12(8), e0182745.
  • Tims, M. & Bakker, A.B. (2010), Job crafting: towards a new model of individual job redesign, South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36 (2), 1-9.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A.B. & Derks, D. (2012), Development and validation of the job crafting scale”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80 (19), 173-186.
  • Tims, M., B. Bakker, A. and Derks, D. (2014), Daily job crafting and the self-efficacy - performance relationship", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(5), 490-507. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-05-2012- 0148.
  • Tummers, L. G., & Bakker, A. B. (2021). Leadership and Job Demands-Resources Theory: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 4149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722080
  • Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective Events Theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews, 18, (1–74). Elsevier Science/JAI Press.
  • Wrzesniewski, A. & Dutton, J. E. (2001), Crafting a Job: Revisioning Employees as Active Crafters of Their Work, The Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179-201.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nejat Basım 0000-0002-3407-5049

Murat Güler 0000-0001-7370-2976

Metin Ocak 0000-0002-1142-3661

Publication Date December 17, 2021
Submission Date September 29, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 35 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Basım, N., Güler, M., & Ocak, M. (2021). Bireysel Kaynaklar, İşi Biçimlendirme ve İşe Tutulma İlişkisinde Başa Çıkmanın Aracılık Rolü. Erciyes Akademi, 35(4), 1741-1754. https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1002287

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