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Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı

Year 2025, Volume: 41 Issue: 3, 835 - 855, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526
https://izlik.org/JA75UU37FG

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, çok katmanlı radar soğurucu yapısı mikrodalga filtre tasarlamak için kullanılmıştır. S, C, X ve Ku frekans bantları için çok katmanlı filtre malzemesi bant geçiren ve bant durduran filtre türleri için tasarlanmıştır. Tasarımlar önceden tanımlanmış 16 malzeme kullanılarak ABC optimizasyon algoritması ile önerilen maliyet fonksiyonu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tasarlanan 10 filtrenin yansıma katsayısına ait maksimum, minimum ve ortalama değerleriyle birlikte filtre performans yüzdesi metriğiyle değerlendirilerek sonuçlar verilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar önerilen maliyet fonksiyonun filtre tasarımında tatminkar sonuçlar verdiğini göstermektedir.

References

  • E. Yigit ve H. Duysak, “Determination of Optimal Layer Sequence and Thickness for Broadband Multilayer Absorber Design Using Double-Stage Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm”, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., c. 67, sy 8, ss. 3306-3317, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2919574.
  • M. Kuru, A. Rüşen, H. Duysak, ve E. Yiğit, “Investigation of the Ku band electromagnetic properties of red mud sintered by different methods”, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., c. 36, sy 16, s. 996, Haz. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s10854-025-15027-z.
  • M. Yerlikaya ve H. Duysak, “Estimating the Resonance Frequency of Square Ring Frequency Selective Surfaces by Using ANN”, içinde 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics in Engineering, D. J. Hemanth, T. Yigit, U. Kose, ve U. Guvenc, Ed., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023, ss. 396-406. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-31956-3_33.
  • J. Liu, S. Liao, Q. Xue, ve W. Che, “A Wide Bandpass Elliptical Filtering Response Frequency-Selective Slab Based on Slotline- Backed Split-Ring Resonators”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., c. 72, sy 6, ss. 5201-5211, Haz. 2024, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3385103.
  • E. Yiğit ve H. Duysak, “Fully optimized multilayer radar absorber design using multi-objective abc algorithm”, Int. J. Eng. Geosci., c. 6, sy 3, Art. sy 3, Eki. 2021, doi: 10.26833/ijeg.743661.
  • N. V. Venkatarayalu, T. Ray, ve Y.-B. Gan, “Multilayer dielectric filter design using a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., c. 53, sy 11, ss. 3625-3632, Kas. 2005, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2005.858565.
  • S. K. Goudos ve J. N. Sahalos, “Pareto Optimal Microwave Filter Design Using Multiobjective Differential Evolution”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., c. 58, sy 1, ss. 132-144, Oca. 2010, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2009.2032100.
  • S. Chakravarty ve R. Mittra, “Design of microwave filters using a binary-coded genetic algorithm”, Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., c. 26, sy 3, ss. 162-166, 2000, doi: 10.1002/1098-2760(20000805)26:3%3C162::AID-MOP8%3E3.0.CO;2-B.
  • E. Michielssen, J.-M. Sajer, S. Ranjithan, ve R. Mittra, “Design of lightweight, broad-band microwave absorbers using genetic algorithms”, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., c. 41, sy 6, ss. 1024-1031, 1993.
  • L. Jiang, J. Cui, L. Shi, ve X. Li, “Pareto optimal design of multilayer microwave absorbers for wide-angle incidence using genetic algorithms”, IET Microw. Antennas Propag., c. 3, sy 4, ss. 572-579, 2009.
  • M. Asi ve N. I. Dib, “Design of multilayer microwave broadband absorbers using central force optimization”, Prog. Electromagn. Res., c. 26, ss. 101-113, 2010.
  • S. K. Goudos, “Design of microwave broadband absorbers using a self‐adaptive differential evolution algorithm”, Int. J. RF Microw. Comput. Eng., c. 19, sy 3, ss. 364-372, 2009.
  • A. Toktas, “Multi-objective Design of Multilayer Microwave Dielectric Filters Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm”, içinde Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms for Engineering Optimization Applications, S. Carbas, A. Toktas, ve D. Ustun, Ed., Singapore: Springer, 2021, ss. 357-372. doi: 10.1007/978-981-33-6773-9_16.
  • Ş. Atıcı, H. Duysak, A. Rüşen, ve E. Yiğit, “Sustainable design of broadband radar absorbers using metallurgical waste and multi-objective optimization”, Mater. Res. Bull., c. 196, s. 113898, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113898.
  • S. K. Goudos ve J. N. Sahalos, “Design of Broadband Radar Absorbing Materials using Particle Swarm Optimization”, program adı: Proceedings of EMC Europe, 2006, ss. 1111-1116.
  • L. ChengHuan ve S. XinHua, “Study on wave absorption characteristics and optimization of multilayer structure of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx-MXenes material”, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., c. 34, sy 12, s. 1021, Nis. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10854-023-10393-y.
  • S.-C. Shin, M. Hong, ve S. E. Lee, “Double-layered radar absorbing MWCNT/PDMS composites optimized by genetic algorithm using complex permittivity as a continuous variable”, Compos. Part Appl. Sci. Manuf., c. 199, s. 109204, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109204.
  • R. Dunga, K. Rengaswamy, J. Rengaswamy, C. V. Krishnamurthy, R. Sarathi, ve S. Venkatachalam, “Machine Learning-Based Design and Fabrication of Multilayered Microwave Absorber”, Polym. Adv. Technol., c. 36, sy 5, s. e70222, 2025, doi: 10.1002/pat.70222.
  • Y. Lin, X. Yang, Y. Huang, ve M. Chen, “Impact-resistant multilayered metastructure for broadband microwave absorption designed by evolutionary optimization”, Compos. Struct., c. 272, s. 114235, Eyl. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114235.
  • U. C. Hasar, Y. Kaya, H. Korkmaz, ve T. Iliev, “Broadband Multilayer Absorber Design Using Double-Stage Cognitive Seeker Optimization Algorithm”, IEEE Access, c. 13, ss. 27178-27190, 2025, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3537661.
  • M. H, M. V, ve N. D. M, “Design of Microwave Absorbers using Improvised Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm”, J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl., c. 17, ss. 188-200, 2018.
  • D. Karaboga ve B. Basturk, “A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm”, J. Glob. Optim., c. 39, sy 3, ss. 459-471, 2007.

Multilayer Microwave Filter Design for S, C, X and Ku Frequency Bands Using Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm

Year 2025, Volume: 41 Issue: 3, 835 - 855, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526
https://izlik.org/JA75UU37FG

Abstract

In this study, a multilayer radar absorber structure is employed for the design of microwave filters. Multilayer filter materials (MFMs) are developed for both band-pass and band-stop filter types corresponding to S, C, X, and Ku frequency bands. The designs are performed using the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithm using 16 predefined materials incorporating the proposed cost function. The performance of the ten designed MFMs is evaluated based on the maximum, minimum, and mean values of the reflection coefficients, along with a filter performance percentage metric. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed cost function provides satisfactory performance in filter design.

References

  • E. Yigit ve H. Duysak, “Determination of Optimal Layer Sequence and Thickness for Broadband Multilayer Absorber Design Using Double-Stage Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm”, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., c. 67, sy 8, ss. 3306-3317, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2919574.
  • M. Kuru, A. Rüşen, H. Duysak, ve E. Yiğit, “Investigation of the Ku band electromagnetic properties of red mud sintered by different methods”, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., c. 36, sy 16, s. 996, Haz. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s10854-025-15027-z.
  • M. Yerlikaya ve H. Duysak, “Estimating the Resonance Frequency of Square Ring Frequency Selective Surfaces by Using ANN”, içinde 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics in Engineering, D. J. Hemanth, T. Yigit, U. Kose, ve U. Guvenc, Ed., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023, ss. 396-406. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-31956-3_33.
  • J. Liu, S. Liao, Q. Xue, ve W. Che, “A Wide Bandpass Elliptical Filtering Response Frequency-Selective Slab Based on Slotline- Backed Split-Ring Resonators”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., c. 72, sy 6, ss. 5201-5211, Haz. 2024, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3385103.
  • E. Yiğit ve H. Duysak, “Fully optimized multilayer radar absorber design using multi-objective abc algorithm”, Int. J. Eng. Geosci., c. 6, sy 3, Art. sy 3, Eki. 2021, doi: 10.26833/ijeg.743661.
  • N. V. Venkatarayalu, T. Ray, ve Y.-B. Gan, “Multilayer dielectric filter design using a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., c. 53, sy 11, ss. 3625-3632, Kas. 2005, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2005.858565.
  • S. K. Goudos ve J. N. Sahalos, “Pareto Optimal Microwave Filter Design Using Multiobjective Differential Evolution”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., c. 58, sy 1, ss. 132-144, Oca. 2010, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2009.2032100.
  • S. Chakravarty ve R. Mittra, “Design of microwave filters using a binary-coded genetic algorithm”, Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., c. 26, sy 3, ss. 162-166, 2000, doi: 10.1002/1098-2760(20000805)26:3%3C162::AID-MOP8%3E3.0.CO;2-B.
  • E. Michielssen, J.-M. Sajer, S. Ranjithan, ve R. Mittra, “Design of lightweight, broad-band microwave absorbers using genetic algorithms”, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., c. 41, sy 6, ss. 1024-1031, 1993.
  • L. Jiang, J. Cui, L. Shi, ve X. Li, “Pareto optimal design of multilayer microwave absorbers for wide-angle incidence using genetic algorithms”, IET Microw. Antennas Propag., c. 3, sy 4, ss. 572-579, 2009.
  • M. Asi ve N. I. Dib, “Design of multilayer microwave broadband absorbers using central force optimization”, Prog. Electromagn. Res., c. 26, ss. 101-113, 2010.
  • S. K. Goudos, “Design of microwave broadband absorbers using a self‐adaptive differential evolution algorithm”, Int. J. RF Microw. Comput. Eng., c. 19, sy 3, ss. 364-372, 2009.
  • A. Toktas, “Multi-objective Design of Multilayer Microwave Dielectric Filters Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm”, içinde Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms for Engineering Optimization Applications, S. Carbas, A. Toktas, ve D. Ustun, Ed., Singapore: Springer, 2021, ss. 357-372. doi: 10.1007/978-981-33-6773-9_16.
  • Ş. Atıcı, H. Duysak, A. Rüşen, ve E. Yiğit, “Sustainable design of broadband radar absorbers using metallurgical waste and multi-objective optimization”, Mater. Res. Bull., c. 196, s. 113898, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2025.113898.
  • S. K. Goudos ve J. N. Sahalos, “Design of Broadband Radar Absorbing Materials using Particle Swarm Optimization”, program adı: Proceedings of EMC Europe, 2006, ss. 1111-1116.
  • L. ChengHuan ve S. XinHua, “Study on wave absorption characteristics and optimization of multilayer structure of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx-MXenes material”, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., c. 34, sy 12, s. 1021, Nis. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10854-023-10393-y.
  • S.-C. Shin, M. Hong, ve S. E. Lee, “Double-layered radar absorbing MWCNT/PDMS composites optimized by genetic algorithm using complex permittivity as a continuous variable”, Compos. Part Appl. Sci. Manuf., c. 199, s. 109204, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109204.
  • R. Dunga, K. Rengaswamy, J. Rengaswamy, C. V. Krishnamurthy, R. Sarathi, ve S. Venkatachalam, “Machine Learning-Based Design and Fabrication of Multilayered Microwave Absorber”, Polym. Adv. Technol., c. 36, sy 5, s. e70222, 2025, doi: 10.1002/pat.70222.
  • Y. Lin, X. Yang, Y. Huang, ve M. Chen, “Impact-resistant multilayered metastructure for broadband microwave absorption designed by evolutionary optimization”, Compos. Struct., c. 272, s. 114235, Eyl. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114235.
  • U. C. Hasar, Y. Kaya, H. Korkmaz, ve T. Iliev, “Broadband Multilayer Absorber Design Using Double-Stage Cognitive Seeker Optimization Algorithm”, IEEE Access, c. 13, ss. 27178-27190, 2025, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3537661.
  • M. H, M. V, ve N. D. M, “Design of Microwave Absorbers using Improvised Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm”, J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl., c. 17, ss. 188-200, 2018.
  • D. Karaboga ve B. Basturk, “A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm”, J. Glob. Optim., c. 39, sy 3, ss. 459-471, 2007.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering Electromagnetics
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Huseyin Duysak

Submission Date July 29, 2025
Acceptance Date December 5, 2025
Publication Date December 31, 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526
IZ https://izlik.org/JA75UU37FG
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 41 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Duysak, H. (2025). Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 41(3), 835-855. https://doi.org/10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526
AMA 1.Duysak H. Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;41(3):835-855. doi:10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526
Chicago Duysak, Huseyin. 2025. “Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X Ve Ku Frekans Bantları Için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 41 (3): 835-55. https://doi.org/10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526.
EndNote Duysak H (December 1, 2025) Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 41 3 835–855.
IEEE [1]H. Duysak, “Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı”, Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 835–855, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526.
ISNAD Duysak, Huseyin. “Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X Ve Ku Frekans Bantları Için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 41/3 (December 1, 2025): 835-855. https://doi.org/10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526.
JAMA 1.Duysak H. Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;41:835–855.
MLA Duysak, Huseyin. “Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X Ve Ku Frekans Bantları Için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 41, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 835-5, doi:10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526.
Vancouver 1.Huseyin Duysak. Yapay Arı Kolonisi Optimizasyon Algoritması Kullanılarak S, C, X ve Ku Frekans Bantları için Çok Katmanlı Mikrodalga Filtre Tasarımı. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025 Dec. 1;41(3):835-5. doi:10.65520/erciyesfen.1753526

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