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TÜRKİYE’DE AR-GE HARCAMALARI İLE NET SATIŞ HASILATI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: BOOTSTRAP PANEL NEDENSELLİK TESTİNDEN KANITLAR

Year 2017, Issue: 49, 45 - 58, 28.06.2017

Yüksel İltaş , Ümit Bulut

https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323902
Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1996-2013 dönemine ait verileri kullanarak
Türkiye’de beş sektör için (gıda, meşrubat ve tütün ürünleri sanayii, metal ana
sanayii ve işlenmiş metal ürünleri sektörü, tekstil ve tekstil ürünleri
sanayii, kimya sanayii ve toptan ve perakende ticaret sektörü)
araştırma-geliştirme (Ar-Ge) harcamaları ile net satış hasılatı arasındaki
ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışmada yatay kesit bağımlılığı
ve heterojenlik testlerinin ardından K



















nya (2006) tarafından geliştirilen bootstrap panel nedensellik analizi
kullanmıştır. Panel nedensellik analizinin sonuçlarına göre, tekstil ve tekstil
ürünleri sanayiinde Ar-Ge harcamalarından net satış hasılatına doğru tek yönlü
nedensellik vardır. Bunun yanında, gıda, meşrubat ve tütün ürünleri sanayii,
metal ana sanayii ve işlenmiş metal ürünleri sektörü ve topta-perakende ticaret
sektöründe ise net satış hasılatından Ar-Ge harcamalarına doğru tek yönlü
nedensellik vardır. Ampirik bulgulara bağlı olarak çalışmanın sonuç kısmında
bazı çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Ar-Ge Harcamaları Sektör Bilançoları Bootstrap Panel Nedensellik Analizi

References

  • BOTTAZZI, Giulio.; Giovani DOSI; Marco LIPPI; Fabio PAMMOLLI and Massimo RICCABONI; (2001), “Innovation and Corporate Growth in the Evolution of the Drug Industry”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 19, pp. 1161-1187.
  • BREUSCH, S. Trevor and Adrian R. PAGAN; (1980), “The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics”, The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), pp. 239-253.
  • CASSIA, Lucio; Alessandra COLOMBELLI and Stefano PALEARI; (2009), “Firms’ Growth: Does the Innovation System Matter?”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 20, pp. 211-220.
  • CHOI, B. Suk and Christoper WILLIAMS; (2013), “Innovation and Firm Performance in Korea and China: a Cross-Context Test of Mainstream Theories”, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 25, pp. 423-444.
  • COAD, Alex and Rekha RAO; (2008), “Innovation and Firm Growth in High-Tech Sectors: A Quantile Regression Approach”, Research Policy, 37, pp. 633-648.
  • DEL MONTE, Alfredo and Erasmo PAPAGNI; (2003), “R&D and The Growth of Firms: Empirical Analysis of a Panel of Italian Firms”, Research Policy, 32, pp. 1003-1014.
  • DEMİRGÜNEŞ, K. H. Nazmi ve Gülbahar ÜÇLER; (2016), “Ar Ge Yatırımları ve Büyüme İmalat Sektörü Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma,” İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 45 (1), ss. 53–64.
  • FREEL, S. Mark; (2000), “Do Small Innovating Firms Outperform Non-Innovators?”, Small Business Economics, 14(3), pp. 195-210.
  • GARCIA-MANJÓN, V. Juan and M. Elena ROMERO-MERINO; (2012), “Research, Development, and Firm Growth. Empirical Evidence From European Top R&D Spending Firms”, Research Policy, 41, pp. 1084-1092.
  • GEROSKI, A. Paul and Saadet TOKER; (1996), “The Turnover of Market Leaders in UK Manufacturing Industry, 1979-86”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 14, pp. 141-158.
  • IŞIK, Nihat; Özgür ENGELOĞLU ve Efe C. KILINÇ; (2016), “Araştırma ve Geliştirme Harcamalarının, Kârlılık ve Satışlar Üzerindeki Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 47, ss. 27-46.
  • KARACAER, Semra; Mehmet. AYGÜN ve Süleyman İÇ; (2009), “Araştırma ve Geliştirme Giderlerinin Firma Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: İstanbul Menkul Kıymetler Borsası Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, MÖDAV, 2009/2, ss. 65-86.
  • KOCAMIŞ, U. Tuğçe ve Ayşegül GÜNGÖR; (2014), “Türkiye’de Ar-Ge Harcamaları ve Teknoloji Sektöründeki Ar-Ge Giderlerinin Kârlılık Üzerine Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Uygulaması”, Maliye Dergisi, 166, ss. 127-138.
  • K"O" ́NYA, Laszlo; (2006), “Exports and Growth: Granger Causality Analysis on OECD Countries with a Panel Data Approach”, Economic Modelling, 23(6), pp. 978-992.
  • MOWERY, C. David; (1983), “Industrial Research and Firm Size, Survival, and Growth In American Manufacturing, 1921-1946: An Assessment”, Journal of Economic History, 43(4), pp. 953-980.
  • ÖĞREDİK, Güray; (2005), “Araştırma Geliştirme Harcamalarının Gider veya Maliyet Olarak Ticari Kazancın Tespitinde Dikkate Alınacağı Dönem”, Lebib Yalkın Mevzuat Dergisi, Temmuz, ss. 1-16.
  • ÖZCAN, Muhammet; Ensar AĞIRMAN ve Ömer YILMAZ; (2014), “Ar-Ge Yatırımlarının Hisse Senedi Getirisi Üzerine Etkisi: BİST Teknoloji ve Bilişim Firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Maliye Dergisi, 166, Ocak-Haziran, ss. 139-158.
  • ÖZTÜRK, Erkan ve Feyyaz ZEREN; (2015), “The Impact of R&D Expenditure on Firm Performance in Manufacturing Industry: Further Evidence From Turkey”, International Journal of Economics and Research, 6, pp. 32-36.
  • PESARAN M. Hashem; (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests For Cross Section Dependence in Panels” CESifo Working Paper Series, pp. 1229.
  • PESARAN, M. Hashem.; Aman ULLAH and Takashi YAMAGATA; (2008), “A Bias‐Adjusted LM Test of Error Cross‐Section Independence”, The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), pp. 105-127.
  • PESARAN, M. Hashem and Takashi YAMAGATA; (2008), “Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), pp. 50-93.
  • ROPER, Stephen; (1997), “Product Innovation and Small Business Growth: A Comparison of The Strategies of German, UK and Irish companies”, Small Business Economics, 9, pp. 523-537.
  • SCHERER, M. Frederic; (1965), “Corporate Inventive Output, Profits, and Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, 73(3), pp. 290-297.
  • SWAMY, Paravastu A.V.B.; (1970), “Efficient Inference in a Random Coefficient Regression Model”, Econometrica, 38(2), pp. 311-323.
  • TCMB; (2016), “Sektör Bilançoları İstatistikleri”, İnternet Adresi: http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/TCMB+TR/TCMB+TR/Main+Menu/Istatistikler/Reel+Sektor+Istatistikleri/Sektor+Bilancolari/Arsiv, Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2016.
  • TÜİK; (2016), “Araştırma Geliştirme Faaliyetleri İstatistikleri”, İnternet Adresi: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1082, Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2016.
  • ÜNAL, Targan ve Nisa SEÇİLMİŞ; (2013), “Ar-Ge Göstergeleri Açısından Türkiye ve Gelişmiş Ülkelerle Kıyaslaması”, İşletme ve İktisat Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(1), ss. 12-25.
  • ÜNAL, Targan ve Nisa SEÇİLMİŞ; (2014), “Satış Hasılatı Artışında Ar-Ge’nin Rolü ve Kârlılığın Ar-Ge Harcamalarına Etkisi: Gaziantep Örneği”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 22, ss. 202-210.
  • YAYLALI, Muammer; Yusuf AKAN ve Cem IŞIK; (2010), “Türkiye’de Ar&Ge Yatırım Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki Eş-Bütünleşme ve Nedensellik İlişkisi:1990-2009”, Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetim Dergisi, 5(2), ss. 13-26.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN R&D EXPENDITURES AND NET SALES REVENUES IN TURKEY: EVIDENCE FROM BOOTSTRAP PANEL CAUSALITY TEST

Year 2017, Issue: 49, 45 - 58, 28.06.2017

Yüksel İltaş , Ümit Bulut

https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323902
Cited By: 3

Abstract

This paper aims at examining the
relationship between research and development (R&D) expenditures and net
sales revenues for five sectors (food, beverage, and tobacco industry, main
metal industry and trimmed metal products sector, textile and textile products industry,
chemical industry, and whole sale and retail trade sector) in Turkey using data
over the period 1996-2013. To this end, after conducting cross-sectional
dependence and heterogeneity tests, the paper employs the bootstrap panel
causality test developed by K



















nya (2006). According to the
findings, there is one-way causality running from R&D expenditures to net
sales revenues in textile and textile products industry. Besides, there is
one-way causality running from net sales revenues to R&D expenditures in food,
beverage, and tobacco industry, main metal industry and trimmed metal products
sector, and wholesale and retail trade sector. Based on the empirical findings,
the paper considers some implications in the conclusion part.

Keywords

R&D Expenditures Sectoral Balance Sheets Bootstrap Panel Causality Analysis

References

  • BOTTAZZI, Giulio.; Giovani DOSI; Marco LIPPI; Fabio PAMMOLLI and Massimo RICCABONI; (2001), “Innovation and Corporate Growth in the Evolution of the Drug Industry”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 19, pp. 1161-1187.
  • BREUSCH, S. Trevor and Adrian R. PAGAN; (1980), “The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics”, The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), pp. 239-253.
  • CASSIA, Lucio; Alessandra COLOMBELLI and Stefano PALEARI; (2009), “Firms’ Growth: Does the Innovation System Matter?”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 20, pp. 211-220.
  • CHOI, B. Suk and Christoper WILLIAMS; (2013), “Innovation and Firm Performance in Korea and China: a Cross-Context Test of Mainstream Theories”, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 25, pp. 423-444.
  • COAD, Alex and Rekha RAO; (2008), “Innovation and Firm Growth in High-Tech Sectors: A Quantile Regression Approach”, Research Policy, 37, pp. 633-648.
  • DEL MONTE, Alfredo and Erasmo PAPAGNI; (2003), “R&D and The Growth of Firms: Empirical Analysis of a Panel of Italian Firms”, Research Policy, 32, pp. 1003-1014.
  • DEMİRGÜNEŞ, K. H. Nazmi ve Gülbahar ÜÇLER; (2016), “Ar Ge Yatırımları ve Büyüme İmalat Sektörü Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma,” İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 45 (1), ss. 53–64.
  • FREEL, S. Mark; (2000), “Do Small Innovating Firms Outperform Non-Innovators?”, Small Business Economics, 14(3), pp. 195-210.
  • GARCIA-MANJÓN, V. Juan and M. Elena ROMERO-MERINO; (2012), “Research, Development, and Firm Growth. Empirical Evidence From European Top R&D Spending Firms”, Research Policy, 41, pp. 1084-1092.
  • GEROSKI, A. Paul and Saadet TOKER; (1996), “The Turnover of Market Leaders in UK Manufacturing Industry, 1979-86”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 14, pp. 141-158.
  • IŞIK, Nihat; Özgür ENGELOĞLU ve Efe C. KILINÇ; (2016), “Araştırma ve Geliştirme Harcamalarının, Kârlılık ve Satışlar Üzerindeki Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 47, ss. 27-46.
  • KARACAER, Semra; Mehmet. AYGÜN ve Süleyman İÇ; (2009), “Araştırma ve Geliştirme Giderlerinin Firma Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: İstanbul Menkul Kıymetler Borsası Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, MÖDAV, 2009/2, ss. 65-86.
  • KOCAMIŞ, U. Tuğçe ve Ayşegül GÜNGÖR; (2014), “Türkiye’de Ar-Ge Harcamaları ve Teknoloji Sektöründeki Ar-Ge Giderlerinin Kârlılık Üzerine Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Uygulaması”, Maliye Dergisi, 166, ss. 127-138.
  • K"O" ́NYA, Laszlo; (2006), “Exports and Growth: Granger Causality Analysis on OECD Countries with a Panel Data Approach”, Economic Modelling, 23(6), pp. 978-992.
  • MOWERY, C. David; (1983), “Industrial Research and Firm Size, Survival, and Growth In American Manufacturing, 1921-1946: An Assessment”, Journal of Economic History, 43(4), pp. 953-980.
  • ÖĞREDİK, Güray; (2005), “Araştırma Geliştirme Harcamalarının Gider veya Maliyet Olarak Ticari Kazancın Tespitinde Dikkate Alınacağı Dönem”, Lebib Yalkın Mevzuat Dergisi, Temmuz, ss. 1-16.
  • ÖZCAN, Muhammet; Ensar AĞIRMAN ve Ömer YILMAZ; (2014), “Ar-Ge Yatırımlarının Hisse Senedi Getirisi Üzerine Etkisi: BİST Teknoloji ve Bilişim Firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Maliye Dergisi, 166, Ocak-Haziran, ss. 139-158.
  • ÖZTÜRK, Erkan ve Feyyaz ZEREN; (2015), “The Impact of R&D Expenditure on Firm Performance in Manufacturing Industry: Further Evidence From Turkey”, International Journal of Economics and Research, 6, pp. 32-36.
  • PESARAN M. Hashem; (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests For Cross Section Dependence in Panels” CESifo Working Paper Series, pp. 1229.
  • PESARAN, M. Hashem.; Aman ULLAH and Takashi YAMAGATA; (2008), “A Bias‐Adjusted LM Test of Error Cross‐Section Independence”, The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), pp. 105-127.
  • PESARAN, M. Hashem and Takashi YAMAGATA; (2008), “Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), pp. 50-93.
  • ROPER, Stephen; (1997), “Product Innovation and Small Business Growth: A Comparison of The Strategies of German, UK and Irish companies”, Small Business Economics, 9, pp. 523-537.
  • SCHERER, M. Frederic; (1965), “Corporate Inventive Output, Profits, and Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, 73(3), pp. 290-297.
  • SWAMY, Paravastu A.V.B.; (1970), “Efficient Inference in a Random Coefficient Regression Model”, Econometrica, 38(2), pp. 311-323.
  • TCMB; (2016), “Sektör Bilançoları İstatistikleri”, İnternet Adresi: http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/TCMB+TR/TCMB+TR/Main+Menu/Istatistikler/Reel+Sektor+Istatistikleri/Sektor+Bilancolari/Arsiv, Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2016.
  • TÜİK; (2016), “Araştırma Geliştirme Faaliyetleri İstatistikleri”, İnternet Adresi: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1082, Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2016.
  • ÜNAL, Targan ve Nisa SEÇİLMİŞ; (2013), “Ar-Ge Göstergeleri Açısından Türkiye ve Gelişmiş Ülkelerle Kıyaslaması”, İşletme ve İktisat Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(1), ss. 12-25.
  • ÜNAL, Targan ve Nisa SEÇİLMİŞ; (2014), “Satış Hasılatı Artışında Ar-Ge’nin Rolü ve Kârlılığın Ar-Ge Harcamalarına Etkisi: Gaziantep Örneği”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 22, ss. 202-210.
  • YAYLALI, Muammer; Yusuf AKAN ve Cem IŞIK; (2010), “Türkiye’de Ar&Ge Yatırım Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki Eş-Bütünleşme ve Nedensellik İlişkisi:1990-2009”, Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetim Dergisi, 5(2), ss. 13-26.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Yüksel İltaş

Ümit Bulut This is me

Publication Date June 28, 2017
Acceptance Date April 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 49

Cite

APA İltaş, Y., & Bulut, Ü. (2017). TÜRKİYE’DE AR-GE HARCAMALARI İLE NET SATIŞ HASILATI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: BOOTSTRAP PANEL NEDENSELLİK TESTİNDEN KANITLAR. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(49), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.323902

Cited By

SATIŞ BÜYÜMESİ VE AR-GE YOĞUNLUĞU BAĞLAMINDA BİST İMALAT SEKTÖRÜ ŞİRKETLERİNİN PANEL VAR ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1515119
The Relationship Between R&D Incentives and Industry Production In Selected OECD Countries
Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.1102925
Türk Savunma Sanayi Firmalarında İhracat, Satış Hasılatı ve Ar-Ge Harcamaları Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi
Ekonomi, Politika & Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1021787

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