When the founders of Akhizm came to Anatolia in the 13th century, they
preferred to locate some cities like Kayseri. Since their purpose was to make
contribution to have a qualified situation materially and spiritually for the
Muslim Turks to survive their life in this geography, their preferred cities to
live and initiate their activities should have an important civilization
acquisition politically, socially and economically. To be permanent in this
land, it was inevitable to build a more competitive social and economic system
of values because this geography has already hosted very powerful
civilizations.
In this respect, the system of Akhizm which was started from Kayseri and
expanded to other Anatolian cities like Konya and Kırşehir was needed to stand
out in the cities which had certain standards as a civilization project based
on the acquisitions of years stemming from the deep roots of Islamic and Turkic
civilizations which consist of morality, quality, standardization, and
occupational skill formation. Hence, all
the civilizations from past to present have standed out in the cities where the
political, social and economic structures were stronger. In this context,
closeness of the cities to the central administration, markets, ports, main
routes, and scientific centers has always accepted as advantages of the
countries for their richness and competitiveness.
Because Kayseri has always become one of the cities which contains
almost all these futures for all the periods, it became the first location of
the Akhies in Anatolia for their activities since the 13th contury. The purpose
of this study is to search and analyze how much Kayseri was suitable for Akhies
to put their aims and civilization projects that they wanted to initiate into
practice. Within this scope, the contribution made by Akhizm will be discussed
through city, civilization and development issues regarding both general and
Islamic civilizations.
Ahiliğin kurucuları 13.
yüzyıldan itibaren Orta Asya’dan Anadolu’ya geldiklerinde Kayseri’den
başlayarak öncelikli olarak belli şehirleri yerleşim yeri olarak tercih
etmişlerdir. Amaçları bu coğrafyada Müslüman Türklerin hayatlarını
sürdürebilmeleri için maddi ve manevi anlamda nitelikli bir ortamın oluşmasına
katkı sağlamak olduğu için, öncelikli olarak tercih ettikleri şehirlerin
siyasi, sosyal ve iktisadi bakımdan önemli bir medeniyet birikime sahip olması
gerekiyordu. Zira bu coğrafya zaten güçlü medeniyetlere ev sahipliği yaptığı
için, burada tutunabilmek için gelişmiş şehirlerin altyapısından yararlanarak
daha rekabetçi bir sosyal ve iktisadi değerler sisteminin inşa edilmesi
kaçınılmazdı.
Bu bakımdan, önce Kayseri,
ardından Konya ve Kırşehir gibi kısa sürede diğer Anadolu şehirlerine yayılan
Ahilik sisteminin ahlak, kalite, standardizasyon ve mesleki vasıf birikimi
üzerine oturan, kökü İslam medeniyetinin derinliklerinde ve Türklerin ana
yurtlarında yılların müktesebatına dayalı bir medeniyet projesi olarak, belli
standartları haiz şehirlerde kendini göstermesi gerekiyordu. Nitekim geçmişten
günümüze tüm uygarlıklar siyasi, sosyal ve iktisadi yapıların daha güçlü olduğu
şehirlerde kendilerini göstermişlerdir. Bu çerçevede, şehirlerin yönetim
merkezine, pazarlara, limanlara, ana yol güzergahlarına ve ilim merkezlerine
yakınlığı her zaman ülkelerin zenginlikleri ve rekabet güçleri için avantaj
olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Kayseri, tarihsel olarak
hemen her devirde sayılan tüm bu özelliklere sahip nadir şehirlerden biri
olduğu için, 13. yüzyıldan itibaren Ahilerin Anadolu’da faaliyetlerine
başladıkları ilk yerleşim yeri olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, o dönemde
Kayseri’nin sahip olduğu gelişmişlik düzeyinin Ahilerin amaçlarının ve kurmak
istedikleri medeniyet projesinin hayata geçirilmesi için ne kadar uygun
olduğunun araştırılması ve analiz edilmesidir. Bu çerçevede hem genel olarak
hem de İslam medeniyetinde şehir, medeniyet ve gelişme meselesi üzerinden
Ahiliğin Anadolu şehirlerine sundukları katkı tartışılacaktır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
---|---|
Journal Section | Makaleler |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 31, 2019 |
Acceptance Date | June 24, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Issue: 54 |
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