The Relationship Between Economic Factors and Health Personnel Employment in Turkey: An Econometric Anaylsis

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 56, 1 - 18, 30.08.2020

Ümit Çıraklı

https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.659335

Öz

This study applies the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) bounds testing approach developed by Pesaran, Shin and Smith (2001) to reveal the relationship between economic factors and health personnel employment in Turkey between 1974-2015. While the health personnel data includes the number of physicians and other health personnel (midwives and nurses), reel GDP (Real Gross Domestic Product) and economic crises are included as economic factors in the study. In terms of long-run relationships between economic growth and health personnel number, this study shows that while the employment of the physicians is made independently of economic growth, other health personnel are employed directly proportional to the increase in income in Turkey. The findings of the study show that the 1994 economic crisis has had a significant decreasing effect on only the number of other health personnel. Both the results of long-run relationships and impacts of economic crises in this study shows that the politicians pay more attention to the physicians than other health personnel. As health care services are based on teamwork, cuts in the number of other health personnel during any economic hardship will make it difficult to meet the health services needs of population in terms of quality and quantity. Therefore, politicians need to pay more attention to the recruitment of other health personnel too.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic factors, Economic crisis, Health personnel number, Turkey, ARDL bouns testing

Türkiye’de Ekonomik Faktörler ve Sağlık İşgücü İstihdamı Arasındaki İlişki: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu çalışma, 1974-2015 arası Türkiye’de ekonomik faktörler ve sağlık personeli istihdamı arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak için Pesaran, Shin ve Smith (2001) tarafından geliştirilen ARDL (Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikme Modeli) sınır testi yaklaşımını uygulamaktadır. Sağlık personeli verisi hekim, diğer sağlık personeli (ebe ve hemşire) sayısını kapsamakta iken, reel GSYH ve ekonomik krizler çalışmaya ekonomik faktörler olarak dahil edilmiştir. Ekonomik büyüme ile sağlık personeli sayısı arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki açısından bu çalışma, Türkiye’de hekim istihdamının ekonomik büyümeden bağımsız olarak yapıldığını, ebe ve hemşire istihdamının ise doğrudan ekonomik büyüme ile orantılı yapıldığı ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, 1994 ekonomik krizinin sadece ebe ve hemşire sayısı üzerinde önemli şekilde azaltıcı etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın hem uzun dönem ilişkilere hem de krizlerin etkilerine dair sonuçları politikacıların hekimlere ebeler ve hemşirelerden daha fazla önem verdiklerini göstermektedir. Sağık hizmetleri ekip çalışmasına dayalı olduğu için bir ekonomik zorluk döneminde ebe ve hemşire sayısında yapılacak kesintiler toplumun sağlık hizmeti ihtiyacının nicelik ve kalite açısından karşılanmasını zorlaştıracaktır. Bu yüzden politikacıların diğer sağlık personeli istihdamına da daha fazla önem vermesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik faktörler, Ekonomik kriz, Sağlık Personeli Sayısı, Türkiye, ARDL sınır testi

Kaynakça

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