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TÜRKİYE’DE PAYA DAYALI KİTLE FONLAMASI İÇİN BİR VERGİ TEŞVİKİ ÖNERİSİ

Year 2020, Issue: 1 - 19th International Business Congress Special Issue, 189 - 202, 25.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.846370

Abstract

Kitle fonlaması çok sayıda kişinin fonlarının bir havuzda toplanarak girişimcilerin
projelerinin desteklenmesinde kullanılmasına dayalı bir finansman yöntemdir. Bu yöntemin
girişimcilerin en önemli sorunlarından birisi olan finansman konusunun çözümünde önemli rol
oynayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Kitle fonlaması yöntemi birçok ülkede uygulanmakta ve giderek
önem kazanmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise 2017 yılında 7061 Sayılı Kanun ile yasal dayanağa kavuşmuştur.
2019 yılında ise SPK tarafından yayımlanan paya dayalı kitle fonlaması tebliği ile yöntemin
uygulanmasına ilişkin esaslar belirlenmiştir. Bu yöntemin cazip hale getirilmesi için birçok ülkede vergi
teşvikleri verilmektedir. Türkiye’de ise yeni uygulanmaya başlanacak olan paya dayalı kitle fonlaması
yönteminin tarafları olan platform, yatırımcı ve girişimci için yürürlükte olan vergi mevzuatı
kapsamında çeşitli vergi yükümlülükleri ortaya çıkacaktır. Dolayısıyla paya dayalı kitle fonlaması
yönteminin cazip hale getirilebilmesi için platform, girişim şirketi ve yatırımcıların bu yöntemin
uygulanmasında dolayı ortaya çıkacak vergi yükümlülükleri için bir vergi teşvik düzenlemesinin bu
yöntemin başarısını artıracağını düşünmekteyiz.

References

  • Akbulak Y.(2020), Kitle Fonlaması Dedikleri, Erişim Adresi: https://www.dunya.com/kose-yazisi/kitle-fonlamasi-dedikleri/474303, Erişim Tarihi:06.11.2020.
  • Adhikary, B. K., Kutsuna, K. ve Hoda, T. (2018). Crowdfunding: Lessons from Japan’s approach, Singapur: Springer,.
  • Ata, İ. F. (2018). Yeni nesil finansman yöntemi olarak kitle fonlama: Türkiye potansiyeli, Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (2):273-296.
  • Best, J. ve Neiss, S. (2014). Crowdfunding: A historical perspective. Steven
  • Dressner (Eds.). Crowdfunding: A guide to raising capital on the internet içinde. ABD: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Block, Joern H., Christian O. Fisch & Mirjam van Praag (2017), The Schumpeterian entrepreneur: a review of the empirical evidence on the antecedents, behaviour and consequences of innovative entrepreneurship, Industry and Innovation, 24(1): 61-95.
  • Block, Joern H., Massimo G. Colombo, Douglas J. Cumming ve Silvio Vismara (2018), New players in entrepreneurial finance and why they are there, Small Business Economics, 50: 239-250.
  • Bradford, C. S. (2012). Crowdfunding and the Federal Securities laws. Columbia Business Law Review, 1(1), 1–150.
  • Bruton, G., Khavul, S., Siegel, D.S. ve Wright, M. (2015). New Financial Alternatives in Seeding Entrepreneurship: Microfinance, Crowdfunding, and Peer‐To‐Peer Innovations, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(1), 9-26.
  • Chao, E. J., Serwaah, P., Baah-Peprah, P. ve Shneor, R. (2020). Crowdfunding in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, BjørnTore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Cherowbrier J. (2020). (2020, 6 Kasım). Crowdfunding in Europe, Statistics & Facts, Erişim Adresi: https://www.statista.com/topics/3372/crowdfunding-ineurope/.
  • Cicchiello, A. F., Battaglia, F. ve Monfera, S. (2019). Crowdfunding tax incentives in Europe: a comparative analysis, European Journal of Finance, 25(18): 1856-1882.
  • Cichy, J. ve Gradoń, W. (2016). Crowdfunding as a Mechanism for Financing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, E-Finanse, 12(3): 38-48.
  • Crowdfunding Statistics Worldwide: Market Development, Country Volumes, and Industry Trends. (2020, 6 Kasım). Retrieved from https://p2pmarketdata.com/crowdfunding-statistics-worldwide.
  • Eldridge, D. T., Nisar, M. ve Torchia, M. (2019). What impact does equity crowdfunding have on SME innovation and growth? An empirical study, Small Business Economics. Çevrimiçi ön yayın. doi: 10.1007/s11187-019- 00210-4.
  • Estrin, S., Gozman, D. ve Khavul, S. (2018). The evolution and adoption of equity crowdfunding: entrepreneur and investor entry into a new market. Small Business Economics, 51: 425–439.
  • Funk, A. S. (2019). Crowdfunding in China: A New institutional economics approach, İsviçre: Springer.
  • Guerzoni, M., Peirone, D., Pais, I. ve Miglietta, A. (2016). The Emerging Crowdfunding Market in Italy: Are “the Crowd” Friends of Mine?, Dennis Bruntje ve Oliver Gajda (Eds.). Crowdfunding in Europe: State of the Art in Theory and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer. Kitlesel Fonlama Tanıtım. (2020, 10 Şubat). Retrieved from http://istfonbul.iu.edu.tr/Home/What,.
  • Lukkarinen, A. (2020), Equity crowdfunding: Principles and investor behaviour, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Mollick, E. R. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study, Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1):1–16.
  • Polzin, F., Toxopeus, H. ve Stam, E. (2017). The wisdom of the crowd in funding: information heterogeneity and social networks of crowdfunders. Small Business Economics, 50:251–273.
  • Ramos, J. ve Gonzalez, B. (2016). Crowdfunding and Employment: An Analysis of the Employment Effects of Crowdfunding in Spain, Dennis Bruntje ve Oliver Gajda (Eds.). Crowdfunding in Europe: State of the Art in Theory and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (2019); Girişimcilere Alternatif Finansman İmkanı -Kitle Fonlaması-, Erişim Adresi: https://www.spk.gov.tr/Duyuru/Dosya/20191003/0, Erişim Tarihi:14.02.2020.
  • Wang, J. G., Xu, H., Ma, J., Zhang, Y. ve Chen, Zhi (2018). Financing from masses: Crowdfunding in China, Singapur: Springer.
  • Wenzlaff K., Odoroviç A., Ziegler T. ve Shneor R.(2020). Crowdfunding in Europe: Between fragmentation and harmonization, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao,
  • Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Varlık D.(2019), Kitlesel Fonlamada Vergi Uygulamaları Karmaşası, Erişim Adresi:https://www.girisimcigazetesi.com/deniz-varlik-yazdi-kitleselfonlamada-vergi-uygulamalari-karmasasi-313, Erişim Tarihi:06.11.2020.
  • Vural A.,Doğan D.U.(2019), Girişimcilik Finansmanında Yeni Bir Model: Kitle Fonlaması, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(1):89-100.
  • Zhao, L. ve Li, Y. (2020), Crowdfunding in China: Turmoil of global leadership, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Zhao, L. ve Ryu, S. (2020), Reward-based crowdfunding research and practice, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Zhao, L. ve Shneor, R. (2020), Donation crowdfunding: Principles and donor behaviour, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Ziegler, T. ve Shneor, R. (2020), Lending crowdfunding: Principles and market development, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.

A TAX INCENTIVE SUGGESTION FOR CROWDFUNDING IN TURKEY

Year 2020, Issue: 1 - 19th International Business Congress Special Issue, 189 - 202, 25.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.846370

Abstract

Crowdfunding is a financial method at which funds of a large number of persons are gathered
in a pool and used to support projects of entrepreneurs. This method is supposed to play a major role in
solving the financing problem of entrepreneurs that is crucial problem for them. Crowdfunding has
been implemented in several countries and seem to become more important. In Turkey, legal
arrangements regarding crowdfunding were made in 2017, by the law numbered 7061. Implementation
principles were arranged by crowdfunding notification of Capital Markets Board of Turkey in 2019.
Tax incentives have been provided in a number of countries in order to make this method attractive, In
Turkey, tax responsibilities will emerge due to the current tax law for the parties of the newly introduced
method, namely platform, investor and entrepreneur. As a result, tax incentives may contribute to the
success of the method in Turkey, by making crowdfunding attractive for platforms, entrepreneurs and
investors.

References

  • Akbulak Y.(2020), Kitle Fonlaması Dedikleri, Erişim Adresi: https://www.dunya.com/kose-yazisi/kitle-fonlamasi-dedikleri/474303, Erişim Tarihi:06.11.2020.
  • Adhikary, B. K., Kutsuna, K. ve Hoda, T. (2018). Crowdfunding: Lessons from Japan’s approach, Singapur: Springer,.
  • Ata, İ. F. (2018). Yeni nesil finansman yöntemi olarak kitle fonlama: Türkiye potansiyeli, Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (2):273-296.
  • Best, J. ve Neiss, S. (2014). Crowdfunding: A historical perspective. Steven
  • Dressner (Eds.). Crowdfunding: A guide to raising capital on the internet içinde. ABD: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Block, Joern H., Christian O. Fisch & Mirjam van Praag (2017), The Schumpeterian entrepreneur: a review of the empirical evidence on the antecedents, behaviour and consequences of innovative entrepreneurship, Industry and Innovation, 24(1): 61-95.
  • Block, Joern H., Massimo G. Colombo, Douglas J. Cumming ve Silvio Vismara (2018), New players in entrepreneurial finance and why they are there, Small Business Economics, 50: 239-250.
  • Bradford, C. S. (2012). Crowdfunding and the Federal Securities laws. Columbia Business Law Review, 1(1), 1–150.
  • Bruton, G., Khavul, S., Siegel, D.S. ve Wright, M. (2015). New Financial Alternatives in Seeding Entrepreneurship: Microfinance, Crowdfunding, and Peer‐To‐Peer Innovations, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(1), 9-26.
  • Chao, E. J., Serwaah, P., Baah-Peprah, P. ve Shneor, R. (2020). Crowdfunding in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, BjørnTore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Cherowbrier J. (2020). (2020, 6 Kasım). Crowdfunding in Europe, Statistics & Facts, Erişim Adresi: https://www.statista.com/topics/3372/crowdfunding-ineurope/.
  • Cicchiello, A. F., Battaglia, F. ve Monfera, S. (2019). Crowdfunding tax incentives in Europe: a comparative analysis, European Journal of Finance, 25(18): 1856-1882.
  • Cichy, J. ve Gradoń, W. (2016). Crowdfunding as a Mechanism for Financing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, E-Finanse, 12(3): 38-48.
  • Crowdfunding Statistics Worldwide: Market Development, Country Volumes, and Industry Trends. (2020, 6 Kasım). Retrieved from https://p2pmarketdata.com/crowdfunding-statistics-worldwide.
  • Eldridge, D. T., Nisar, M. ve Torchia, M. (2019). What impact does equity crowdfunding have on SME innovation and growth? An empirical study, Small Business Economics. Çevrimiçi ön yayın. doi: 10.1007/s11187-019- 00210-4.
  • Estrin, S., Gozman, D. ve Khavul, S. (2018). The evolution and adoption of equity crowdfunding: entrepreneur and investor entry into a new market. Small Business Economics, 51: 425–439.
  • Funk, A. S. (2019). Crowdfunding in China: A New institutional economics approach, İsviçre: Springer.
  • Guerzoni, M., Peirone, D., Pais, I. ve Miglietta, A. (2016). The Emerging Crowdfunding Market in Italy: Are “the Crowd” Friends of Mine?, Dennis Bruntje ve Oliver Gajda (Eds.). Crowdfunding in Europe: State of the Art in Theory and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer. Kitlesel Fonlama Tanıtım. (2020, 10 Şubat). Retrieved from http://istfonbul.iu.edu.tr/Home/What,.
  • Lukkarinen, A. (2020), Equity crowdfunding: Principles and investor behaviour, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Mollick, E. R. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study, Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1):1–16.
  • Polzin, F., Toxopeus, H. ve Stam, E. (2017). The wisdom of the crowd in funding: information heterogeneity and social networks of crowdfunders. Small Business Economics, 50:251–273.
  • Ramos, J. ve Gonzalez, B. (2016). Crowdfunding and Employment: An Analysis of the Employment Effects of Crowdfunding in Spain, Dennis Bruntje ve Oliver Gajda (Eds.). Crowdfunding in Europe: State of the Art in Theory and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (2019); Girişimcilere Alternatif Finansman İmkanı -Kitle Fonlaması-, Erişim Adresi: https://www.spk.gov.tr/Duyuru/Dosya/20191003/0, Erişim Tarihi:14.02.2020.
  • Wang, J. G., Xu, H., Ma, J., Zhang, Y. ve Chen, Zhi (2018). Financing from masses: Crowdfunding in China, Singapur: Springer.
  • Wenzlaff K., Odoroviç A., Ziegler T. ve Shneor R.(2020). Crowdfunding in Europe: Between fragmentation and harmonization, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao,
  • Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Varlık D.(2019), Kitlesel Fonlamada Vergi Uygulamaları Karmaşası, Erişim Adresi:https://www.girisimcigazetesi.com/deniz-varlik-yazdi-kitleselfonlamada-vergi-uygulamalari-karmasasi-313, Erişim Tarihi:06.11.2020.
  • Vural A.,Doğan D.U.(2019), Girişimcilik Finansmanında Yeni Bir Model: Kitle Fonlaması, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(1):89-100.
  • Zhao, L. ve Li, Y. (2020), Crowdfunding in China: Turmoil of global leadership, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Zhao, L. ve Ryu, S. (2020), Reward-based crowdfunding research and practice, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Zhao, L. ve Shneor, R. (2020), Donation crowdfunding: Principles and donor behaviour, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
  • Ziegler, T. ve Shneor, R. (2020), Lending crowdfunding: Principles and market development, Rotem Shneor, Liang Zhao, Bjørn-Tore Flåten (Eds.).Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice içinde. İsviçre: Springer.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Soner Yakar

Serkan Kandır Yılmaz This is me

Publication Date December 25, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 1 - 19th International Business Congress Special Issue

Cite

APA Yakar, S., & Yılmaz, S. K. (2020). TÜRKİYE’DE PAYA DAYALI KİTLE FONLAMASI İÇİN BİR VERGİ TEŞVİKİ ÖNERİSİ. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi(1), 189-202. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.846370

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