Insurance is related to the motivation of human beings to feel safe. Individuals and businesses that cannot predict what dangers tomorrow will bring, they want to secure themselves against these risks. Thanks to the insurance system, possible economic losses are kept to a minimum. However, the basis of the developed insurance system is based on an interest rate model. This model is not accepted in terms of Islamic law, as it is built on the assessment of garar (uncertainty), riba (interest), gabar (gambling), risk transfer, premiums collected in interest-bearing investment instruments. Takaful Sector, which is an alternative model based on the needs of the Islamic world, developed as an away from interest rate and in accordance with Islamic procedures and principles. Takaful Sector one of the Islamic financing instruments and it is an insurance system that is in line with the basic principles of Islam, based on the risk sharing of the parties and solidarity.
Takaful Sector, which is one of the Islamic finance products that have achieved a significant growth momentum both in the world and in our country, is gaining more importance day by day. Due to this importance, the number of companies operating in the participation insurance sector has increased and the growth momentum of the sector has accelerated.
In the study, by giving general information about participation insurance sector, discussed development of Takaful Sector in Turkey. Thus it has been drawn a theoretical framework for the present situation and development of the Takaful Sector in Turkey.
Sigorta, insanoğlunun kendini güvende hissetme güdüsüyle doğmuştur. Yarınların ne tür tehlikeler getireceğini kestiremeyen bireyler ve işletmeler, oluşacak bu risklere karşı kendilerini emniyete almak istemektedirler. Sigortacılık sistemi sayesinde gerçekleşmesi muhtemel ekonomik kayıplar asgari düzeyde tutulmaktadır. Ancak geliştirilen bu sigortacılığın temeli faizli bir model üzerine kurulmuştur. Bu model garar (belirsizlik), riba (faiz), gabar (kumar), risk transferi, toplanan primlerinden faizli yatırım araçlarında değerlendirilmesi üzerine inşa edildiği için İslâm hukuku açısından kabul görmemektedir. İslâm dünyasının ihtiyacına binaen farklı bir sisteme ihtiyaç duyulmuş ve alternatif bir model olarak faizden uzak, İslami usul ve prensiplere uygun bir şekilde geliştirilen alternatif sigortacılık sistemi olan katılım sigortacılığı geliştirilmiştir. Katılım sigortacılığı, İslami finans enstrümanlarından birisi olup İslam’ın temel prensiplerine uygun, tarafların risk paylaşımını esas alan, yardımlaşma ve dayanışmaya dayanan bir sigorta sistemidir.
Son yıllarda gerek dünyada gerekse ülkemizde ciddi büyüme ivmesi yakalayan İslami finans uygulamaları ve ürünlerinden katılım sigortacılığı, gün geçtikçe daha çok önem kazanmaktadır. Bu öneme binaen katılım sigortacılığa sektöründe faaliyet gösteren şirket sayısı artmış ve sektörün büyüme ivmesi hız kazanmıştır. Çalışmada; katılım sigortacılığı uygulamaları hakkında genel bilgiler verilerek katılım sigortacılığının Türkiye’deki gelişim durumu ele alınmıştır. Böylece Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren katılım sigortacılığının mevcut durumuna ve gelişimine yönelik teorik bir çerçeve çizilmiştir.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Makaleler |
Authors | |
Publication Date | April 30, 2021 |
Acceptance Date | December 30, 2020 |
Published in Issue | Year 2021 Issue: 58 |
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