Tüm Dünya’da olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de doğal ve toplumsal kaynakların dengeli ve eşit dağılmadığı bir gerçektir. Bu gerçeklik bir ülkedeki iller ve bölgeler ve hatta ülkeler arasındaki gelişmişlik farklılıklarının en önemli sebeplerinden biri kabul edilmektedir. Bölgesel gelişmişlik farklılıkların azaltılmasında kamu kesimi tarafından kullanılan mali araçların başında ise kamu harcamaları ve kamu gelirleri gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de fonksiyonel kamu harcamalarının ve kamu gelirlerinin iller arasındaki dağılımı analiz edilmiş ve kamu harcamalarının ve kamu gelirlerinin dağılımına göre illerin nasıl kümelendikleri incelenmiştir. Analizde Kümeleme Analizi Yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda kamu harcamalarının büyük oranda nüfusun, iktisadi ve ticari hayatın kısmen daha yoğun olan Kocaeli, İstanbul, İzmir gibi iller tarafından ödenen vergilerle finanse edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Harcamaların ise daha çok Tunceli, Iğdır ve Artvin gibi illerde yoğunlaştığı kısaca sosyal hukuk devleti olmanın gereği olarak kamu bütçesi yoluyla yerel ihtiyaçlara uygun olarak transfer edildiği gözlemlenmiştir.
As in the rest of the world, it is a fact that natural and social resources are also not distributed balanced and equally in Turkey. This reality is accepted as one of the most important reasons for the differences in the level of development between provinces and regions in a country and even between countries. Public expenditures and revenues are the leading financial instruments used by the public sector to reduce regional development inequalities. It is analyzed in this paper the distribution of functional public expenditures and revenues among the provinces in Turkey and also examined how the provinces are clustered according to the distribution of public expenditures and revenues by using the cluster Analysis Method in the analysis. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the public expenditures were financed by the taxes to which the provinces such as Kocaeli, İstanbul, and İzmir contribute, where the population, economy, and business life are more intensive. As a result of this conclusion, it can be said that these provinces form a separate cluster. It has been observed that the expenditures are mostly concentrated in smaller provinces such as Tunceli, Iğdır, and Artvin, and as a requirement of a social state of law, the public expenditures are transferred by the way of the public budget in accordance with local needs.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Makaleler |
Authors | |
Early Pub Date | December 29, 2022 |
Publication Date | December 30, 2022 |
Acceptance Date | December 2, 2022 |
Published in Issue | Year 2022 Issue: 63 |
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