Türkiye'de Göç Olgusu ve Eskişehir İl Merkezinde Kurulun Göçmen Mahalleler

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Abstract

Ottoman Empire had to face with the miradons from the end of the 18th century dil 20th century - increasing very large scale in 19th century and beginning of 20th century but reducing today. At the result of wars between Ottoman and Russia - Austria and also the wars for independence in Balkans, Turks living in those lands had forced to migrate to Anatolia. Migradons aroused problems such as setdement, occupadon, education ete. of the immigrants. To solve this problem, Ottoman administradon passed a law and established migradon commissions. The m igradons effected both the socio-economic struetre of the Ottoman Empire and also the spatial strueture of the Anatolian cides. Addidon of new elements to the traditional setdements caused to become forth new apperances in urban areas called "Göçmen Mahalleleri". One of the examples for the settlem ent is "Eskişehir Göçmen Mahalleleri." The immigrants began to come from Rumeli after 1876 and were settled down in the areas on both sides of the Porsuk River. The neighborhoods which they established —also called "Tatar Mahalleleri"— in these areas were easily disdnguished from the traditional texture of Odunpazarı; with their iron grid plan of Street netvvork, one storey houses with earth roofs, mud brick walls, toilets and kitehens built in the gardens. Although, today, the iron grid plan of the steet networks is sdll surviving, most of the houses were replaced with muld-storey houses and commercial buildings. After 1923 the houses for immigrants were constructed in accordance with the rules of "İskan Kanunu" in Yddıztepe, Yenidoğan and Göçmen Mahalleleri. Also today, the original plan in most of those houses were changed because of the necessides of immigrants.

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