COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Özel Gereksinime İhtiyaç Duyan Çocukların Yürütücü İşlevleri ve Aktivite Katılımı

Abstract

Amaç: Özel gereksinimi olan çocukların pandemi sürecindeki serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılımı ve yürütücü işlevler ile aktiviteler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çocukların serbest zaman aktivite katılımlarını tespit etmek için “Kanada Aktivite Performans Ölçümü (KAPÖ)”, yürütücü işlevlerdeki seviyesini belirlemek için ise “Çocukluk Dönemi Yürütücü İşlev Envanteri Ebeveyn/Öğretmen Formu (CHEXI)” kullanıldı. CHEXI; çalışan belleği ve önleyici kontrol alt başlıklarından oluşmaktadır. Sonuçlar: Çalışmaya 2-20 yaş arası, yaş ortalamaları 13,1±4,5 yıldan oluşan 20 kız, 17 erkek, 37 çocuk alındı. Çalışan belleği puan ortalaması 46,18±7,06, inhibisyon puanı 35,51±10,18’dir. Aktivitelere katılan çocuklarda yürütücü işlev ile aktivite çeşitleri arasında ilişki olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Fiziksel aktiviteye katılan çocuklarda; takım sporu (r=-0.360, p=0,029), koşma (r=-0,334, p=0,043) ile inhibisyon arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunurken, yeteneksel aktivitelerde; müzik/resim/el sanatları (r=-0,400, p=0,014) ile çalışan bellek düzeyleri arasında anlamlı düzeyde ilişki bulundu. Tartışma: Çalışmamızın sonucunda pandemi döneminde aktiviteye katılan çocuklarda yürütücü işlevlerinin olumlu etkilendiği tespit edilerek, bu sürecin yönetilmesinde aktiviteye yönelik programların yürütücü işlevlerin desteklemesine önemli katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Özel öğrenme bozukluğu
• Hassas popülasyonlar
• Boş zaman aktiviteleri
• Yürütücü İşlevler

Executive Functions and Activity Participation of Children with Special Needs in the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

Abstract

Purpose: The study was conducted to determine the participation of children with special needs in leisure time activities and the relationship between executive functions and activities during the pandemic process. Material and Methods: "Canadian Occupational Performance Measurement (COPM)" was used to measure children's participation in leisure activities and the "Childhood Executive Function Inventory Parent/Teacher Form (CHEXI)" to determine their level of executive functions. CHEXI consists of working memory and inhibitory control subheadings. Results: A total of 37 children, 20 girls and 17 boys, aged 2-20 years, with a mean age of 13.1±4.5 years, were included in the study. The mean working memory score was 46.18±7.06, and the inhibitory control score was 35.51±10.18. It was determined that there was a relationship between executive functions and activity types in children participating in activities (p<0.05). There were significant correlations between inhibition and team sports (r=-0.360, p=0,029) and running (r=-0.334, p=0.043) in participation in physical activities. A significant correlation was found between working memory and music/painting/handicrafts (r=-0.400, p=0.014) in participation in skilled activities. Conclusion: Since the study results have shown that the executive functions of children participating in activities are positively affected during the pandemic, it is thought that activity-oriented programs will contribute significantly to the support of executive functions in the management of this process.

Keywords

• Specific learning disorder
• Vulnerable populations
• Leisure activities
• Executive function

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