İnsan Aktivite Modeli Temelli Ergoterapi Müdahalesinin Aile İçi Şiddet Yaşayan Kadınlarda Etkinliği

Abstract

Amaç: Şiddet deneyimi kadınların bağımsız yaşam becerilerini ve günlük aktivitelerini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, "İnsan Aktivite Modeli (Model of Human Occupation-MOHO)" temelli ergoterapi müdahalesinin aile içi şiddete maruz kalan ve sığınma evinde kalan kadınların okupasyonel yeterliliklerine ve okupasyonel katılımlarına etkisinin araştırmaktı. Gereç ve Yöntem: İki sığınma evinde kalan 13 kadına, 10 müdahale alanı içeren MOHO-temelli ergoterapi programı uygulandı. Dört haftalık (16 seans) bireysel ve grup eğitimleri ve çevresel müdahaleler gerçekleştirildi. Bireylerin okupasyonel yeterlikleri “Aktivite Öz Değerlendirmesi” ile, okupasyonel katılımları ise “İnsan Aktivite-Rol Modeli Tarama Aracı” ile değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmeler müdahale öncesi, sonrası ve 3. ay takipte yürütüldü. Bulgular: Müdahale öncesi ve 3 aylık takip değerlendirmeleri arasında okupasyonel yeterlilik (p=0,002) ve okupasyonel katılımda (p=0,004) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. OSA-önem ve MOHOST-motor beceriler alanları hariç (p>0,05) tüm alanlarda (OSA-yeterlilik ve MOHOST'un irade, alışkanlık, iletişim-etkileşim, süreç becerileri ve çevre parametreleri) iyileşmeler kaydedilmiştir (p<0,05). Tartışma: Sığınma evlerinde gerçekleştirilen MOHO temeli ergoterapi müdahaleleri, şiddete maruz kalmış kadınların okupasyonel yeterlilikleri ve okupasyonel katılımları üzerinde etkili olabilir.

Keywords

• Ergoterapi
• Aile içi şiddet
• Kadınlar
• İnsan aktivite modeli

The Effectiveness of Model of Human Occupation-Based Occupational Therapy Intervention for Women who Experienced Domestic Violence

Abstract

Purpose: Experiences of violence negatively affect women's independence and daily activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the "Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)"-based occupational therapy intervention on the occupational competence and occupational participation of women affected by domestic violence and living in a women's shelter. Materials and Methods: The MOHO-based occupational therapy program, which includes 10 intervention areas, was applied to 13 women in two women’s shelters. Four-week (16 sessions) individual and group training and environmental interventions were provided. Participants' occupational competence was assessed with the “Occupational Self-Assessment” and occupational participation with the “Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool”. Assessments were conducted before the intervention, after the intervention, and at the 3-month follow-up. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in occupational competence (p=0.002) and occupational participation (p=0.004) between pre-intervention and 3-month follow-up assessments. Improvements were noted in all domains (OSA-competence, and volution, habituation, communication-interaction, process skills, and environment parameters of MOHOST) (p<0.05), except for the domains of OSA-value and MOHOST-motor skills (p>0.05). Discussion: MOHO-based occupational therapy interventions delivered in women's shelters could have a positive impact on the occupational competence and occupational participation of women experiencing violence.

Keywords

• Occupational therapy
• Domestic violence
• Women
• Model of human occupation

Thanks

Our sincerest thanks to Gamze EKİCİ ÇAĞLAR and Elif GÖKÇEARSLAN ÇİFCİ for their constructive feedback on this study. In addition, we thank all the women who participated in our work during their stay at the shelters, and shelter workers.

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