Evaluation of Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, and Income as Determinants of Health in European Continental Countries: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of physical activity, dietary habits, and income indicators in European Continental countries using the data envelopment analysis method. Material and Methods: The study analysed data from 29 of 32 European continental countries. Input variables included physical activity, walking, dietary habits, and gross national income per capita, while output variables included depressive symptoms and obesity. Spearman analysis was performed to determine the correlation between these variables. Mahalanobis distance values were calculated to identify outlier countries. Finally, Data Envelopment Analysis was performed using the R Studio package. Results: According to the Charnes Cooper Rhodes (CCR) model, the average efficiency of the countries was found to be 0.90, while it was 0.91 according to the Banker Charnes Cooper (BCC) model. Based on the efficiency scores, seven countries were identified as efficient in the CCR model, and nine in the BCC model. Among the efficient countries, Serbia and Romania had the highest efficiency scores of 1.37 in the super-efficiency analysis. Discussion: The study results indicate that if six countries increased their input variables, they could achieve higher outputs, whereas 14 countries might achieve lower outputs if they were to increase their inputs.

Keywords

• Health
• Efficiency
• Depression
• Obesity
• Dietary Habit

Supporting Institution

There is no funder to report for this study.

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval and consent forms were not required for this study since the data used were obtained from publicly available sources, namely Eurostat and the World Bank. Moreover, the study did not involve any clinical processes or directly include participants, either living or deceased.

Thanks

None

Avrupa Kıtası Ülkelerinde Sağlığın Belirleyicileri Olarak Fiziksel Aktivite, Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ve Gelirin Değerlendirilmesi: Veri Zarflama Analizi Yaklaşımı

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, veri zarflama analizi kullanılarak Avrupa kıtasındaki ülkelerde fiziksel aktivite, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve gelir göstergelerinin etkinliğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada, 32 Avrupa kıtası ülkesinden 29'unun verileri analiz edildi. Girdi değişkenleri arasında fiziksel aktivite, yürüme, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve kişi başına düşen gayrisafi milli gelir yer alırken, çıktı değişkenleri ise psikolojik semptomlar ve obeziteydi. Bu değişkenler arasındaki korelasyonu belirlemek için Spearman analizi yapıldı. Aykırı ülkeleri belirlemek için Mahalanobis mesafe değerleri hesaplandı. Son olarak, R Studio paketi kullanılarak Veri Zarflama Analizi yapıldı. Sonuçlar: Charnes Cooper Rhodes (CCR) modeline göre ülkelerin ortalama etkinliği 0.90, Banker Charnes Cooper (BCC) modeline göre ise 0.91 olarak bulunmuştur. Etkinlik puanlarına göre, CCR modelinde yedi ülke, BCC modelinde ise dokuz ülke etkin olarak belirlenmiştir. Etkin ülkeler arasında Sırbistan ve Romanya, süper etkinlik analizinde 1.37 ile en yüksek etkinlik puanlarına sahip olmuştur. Tartışma: Bu çalışma sonuçları, altı ülkenin girdi değişkenlerini artırmaları durumunda daha yüksek çıktılar elde edebileceğini, oysa 14 ülkenin girdilerini artırmaları durumunda daha düşük çıktılar elde edebileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Sağlık
• Etkinlik
• Depresyon
• Obezite
• Beslenme Alışkanlıkları

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