Evaluation of the Effects of Food Consumption Frequency and Exercise Behaviors on Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Nutrition and Dietetics and Coaching Education Department Students

Abstract

In this study, the effect of food consumption frequency and exercise behaviors on the risk of Type 2 diabetes among students of the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics and students of the Department of coaching education of the Faculty of Sports Sciences was evaluated and comparisons were made. The research was carried out with an online questionnaire on a total of 315 students form the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (N=156), and the of Department of Coaching Education (N=159). The data on the nutritional status of the participants were determined by the food frequency questionnaire and the risk of Type 2 diabetes was determined by the FINDRISK Type 2 Diabetes Risk Questionnaire. It was determined that the students of the department of Nutrition and Dietetics consumed more dairy product, vegetables-fruits, grains, beverages and foods from fat and sugar groups than the students of the of Department of Coaching Education of the Faculty of Sports Sciences. There was no statistically significant difference between the departments compared in terms of type 2 diabetes risk (p>0,05). Those who exercise regularly consume dairy products, vegetables-fruits and beverages more than those who do not do physical activity (p<0.05) It has been statistically determined that having a chronic disease, high blood pressure and blood sugar, high Body Mass Index (BMI) and one of the family members having diabetes increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes, while exercising for 30 minutes daily and consuming vegetables and fruits every day reduces the risk of Type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). While the risk of diabetes decreases with an increase in vegetable consumption, an increase in body weight and BMI increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). As a result, our research has shown that exercising regularly for at least 30 minutes every day, consuming vegetables and fruits every day and maintaining a healthy body weight reduces the risk of Type 2 diabetes in university students from both departments. Modifiable lifestyle changes, such as healthy eating and exercise, should be acquired at a young age as a preventive step against the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Keywords

• Exercise
• Healthy nutrition
• Healthy lifestyle
• Type 2 diabetes risk
• university students

Beslenme ve Diyetetik ile Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü Öğrencilerinde Besin Tüketim Sıklığı ve Egzersiz Davranışlarının Tip 2 Diyabet Riskine Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü öğrencileri ile Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Antrenörlük Bölümü öğrencilerinde besin tüketim sıklığı ve egzersiz davranışlarının Tip 2 diyabet riskine etkisini değerlendirilmiş ve karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Araştırma Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü’nden (N=156), Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Antrenörlük Bölümü’nden (N=159) toplam 315 öğrenci üzerinde online anket yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların beslenme durumlarına ilişkin veriler Besin Tüketim Sıklığı Anketi ile, Tip 2 diyabet riski ise FINDRISK Tip 2 Diyabet Risk Anketi ile belirlenmiştir. Beslenme ve Diyetetik bölümü öğrencilerinin süt ürünlerini, sebze-meyve, tahıl, içecek ve yağ-şeker grubundaki besinleri, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Antrenörlük Bölümü öğrencilerinden daha fazla tükettiği belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Tip 2 diyabet riski bakımından karşılaştırıldığında bölümler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farka rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05). Düzenli egzersiz yapanlar süt ürünlerini, sebze-meyveyi ve içeceği fiziksel aktivite yapmayanlardan daha fazla tüketmektedir (p<0,05). Kronik hastalığa sahip olmak, tansiyon ve kan şekerinin yüksek olması, yüksek Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) ve aile bireylerinden birinin diyabetli olmasının Tip 2 diyabet riskini arttırdığı, günlük 30 dakika egzersiz yapmanın ve her gün sebze-meyve tüketmenin ise Tip 2 diyabet riskini azalttığı istatistiksel olarak tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sebze tüketiminin artışı ile diyabet riski azalırken, vücut ağırlığı ve BKİ’nin artması Tip 2 diyabet riskini arttırmaktadır (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak araştırmamızda her gün en az 30 dakika düzenli egzersiz yapmak, her gün sebze ve meyve tüketmek ve sağlıklı vücut ağırlığında kalmanın her iki bölümden üniversite öğrencilerinde Tip 2 diyabet riskini azalttığı ortaya konmuştur. Sağlıklı beslenme ve egzersiz gibi değiştirilebilir yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri Tip 2 diyabet riskine karşı koruyucu bir önlem olarak genç yaşta edinilmelidir.

Keywords

• Egzersiz
• Sağlıklı beslenme
• Sağlıklı yaşam tarzı
• Tip 2 diyabet riski
• Üniversite öğrencileri

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