A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey

Dogukan Tunay

doi:10.35208/ert.1590798

A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey

Abstract

E-waste, despite its significant potential for metal recovery, continues to have low recycling rates globally, including in Turkey. With the growing demand for metals driven by the large-scale production of electrical and electronic devices, the efficient management and recovery of e-waste have become increasingly critical. Compared to traditional ores, e-waste contains substantially higher concentrations of valuable metals, making it a promising secondary resource.This study investigates the generation of electrical and electronic waste in Turkey and evaluates current recycling practices. Alternative scenarios for metal recovery were developed and assessed based on process efficiency, environmental impact, operational feasibility, and cost. The findings reveal that a hybrid system is the most effective approach. Specifically, pyrometallurgical methods are best suited for low-value metal-containing e-waste, while bio- or hydrometallurgical processes are recommended for high-value metal-containing e-waste after separation. This approach offers a comprehensive and sustainable solution for improving e-waste management and metal recovery efficiency.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environmental Management (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Dogukan Tunay ^*
0000-0002-4194-7765
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

November 18, 2025

Publication Date

December 31, 2025

Submission Date

November 25, 2024

Acceptance Date

January 25, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 8 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1590798

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA25CW97RL

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Tunay, D. (2025). A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey. Environmental Research and Technology, 8(4), 977-985. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1590798

AMA

1.Tunay D. A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey. ERT. 2025;8(4):977-985. doi:10.35208/ert.1590798

Chicago

Tunay, Dogukan. 2025. “A Comprehensive Analysis of E-Waste Recycling and Metal Recovery Solutions in Turkey”. Environmental Research and Technology 8 (4): 977-85. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1590798.

EndNote

Tunay D (December 1, 2025) A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey. Environmental Research and Technology 8 4 977–985.

IEEE

[1]D. Tunay, “A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey”, ERT, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 977–985, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.35208/ert.1590798.

ISNAD

Tunay, Dogukan. “A Comprehensive Analysis of E-Waste Recycling and Metal Recovery Solutions in Turkey”. Environmental Research and Technology 8/4 (December 1, 2025): 977-985. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1590798.

JAMA

1.Tunay D. A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey. ERT. 2025;8:977–985.

MLA

Tunay, Dogukan. “A Comprehensive Analysis of E-Waste Recycling and Metal Recovery Solutions in Turkey”. Environmental Research and Technology, vol. 8, no. 4, Dec. 2025, pp. 977-85, doi:10.35208/ert.1590798.

Vancouver

1.Dogukan Tunay. A comprehensive analysis of e-waste recycling and metal recovery solutions in Turkey. ERT. 2025 Dec. 1;8(4):977-85. doi:10.35208/ert.1590798