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Year 2021, , 184 - 189, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.848129

Abstract

References

  • [1] EMB - DENR. National Solid Waste Management Status Report (2008-2014), http://119.92.161.2/portal/Portals/38/Solid Wastefinaldraft 12.29.15.pdf (2015).
  • [2] Ali SM, Pervaiz A, Afzal B, et al. Open dumping of municipal solid waste and its hazardous impacts on soil and vegetation diversity at waste dumping sites of Islamabad city. J King Saud Univ 2014; 26: 59–65.
  • [3] Trihadiningrum Y, Laksono IJ, Dhokhikah Y, et al. Community activities in residential solid waste reduction in Tenggilis Mejoyo District, Surabaya City, Indonesia. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 2017; 19: 526–535.
  • [4] Lekammudiyanse LM, Gunatilake S. Efficiency of the household compost bin as a wastemanagement technique in Sri Lanka. Int J Basic Appl Sci IJBAS-LIENS 2009; 10: 89–94.
  • [5] Karnchanawong S, Suriyanon N. Household organic waste composting using bins with different types of passive aeration. Resour Conserv Recycl 2011; 55: 548–553.
  • [6] Kalamdhad AS, Kazmi AA. Effects of turning frequency on compost stability and some chemical characteristics in a rotary drum composter. Chemosphere 2009; 74: 1327–1334.
  • [7] Wilmink TR, Diener RG. Handbook for Commercial and Municipal Composting in West Virginia. Wilmink Associates, Inc., 2001.
  • [8] Harrison EZ. HEALTH IMPACT OF COMPOSTING AIR EMISSIONS. Biocycle 2007; 48: 44.
  • [9] Park KJ, Choi MH, Hong JH. Control of composting odor using biofiltration. Compost Sci Util 2002; 10: 356–362.
  • [10] Lan AK, Bruce MP, Chase RJ. Evaluating the performance of biofilters for composting odor control. J Environ Sci Heal Part A Environ Sci Eng Toxicol 1996; 31: 2247–2273.
  • [11] Dyer MH. What Is Activated Charcoal: Can Charcoal Be Composted For Odor Control. Gardening Know How (Compost Ingredients), 2018, https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/ingredients/activated-charcoal-in-compost.htm#:~:text=The millions of tiny pores,unpleasant aromas%2C including smelly compost. (2018).
  • [12] Ma J, Wilson K, Zhao Q, et al. Odor in Commercial Scale Compost: Literature Review and Critical Analysis. Washingt State Dep Ecol; 17.
  • [13] Parkinson R, Gibbs P, Burchett S, et al. Effect of turning regime and seasonal weather conditions on nitrogen and phosphorus losses during aerobic composting of cattle manure. Bioresour Technol 2004; 91: 171–178.
  • [14] Jiang-ming Z. Effect of turning frequency on co-composting pig manure and fungus residue. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 2017; 67: 313–321.
  • [15] Desta KG, Ali MS. Compost Turning: the key to quick composting.
  • [16] Boyle PE. The effect of turning frequency on in-vessel compost processing and quality. 2015; 2–29.
  • [17] Moqsud MA, Bushra QS, Rahman MH. Composting barrel for sustainable organic waste management in Bangladesh. Waste Manag Res 2011; 29: 1286–1293.
  • [18] Schulz T, Balch A, Bowly S. Odour Intensity Measurement: An overview of its potential for use in Odour Impact Assessment and Control. Clean Air Environ Qual 2002; 36: 38.
  • [19] Chang R, Li Y, Li J, et al. Influences of the thermophilic period on biodegradation and nitrogen loss in stimulated vegetable waste composting. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019; 18: e00623.
  • [20] Godden B, Penninckx M, Piérard A, et al. Evolution of enzyme activities and microbial populations during composting of cattle manure. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1983; 17: 306–310.
  • [21] Iqbal MK, Shafiq T, Ahmed K. Characterization of bulking agents and its effects on physical properties of compost. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101: 1913–1919.
  • [22] Shilev S, Naydenov M, Vancheva V, et al. Composting of food and agricultural wastes. In: Utilization of By-Products and Treatment of Waste in the Food Industry. Springer, 2007, pp. 283–301.
  • [23] Bernal MP, Sommer SG, Chadwick D, et al. Chapter Three - Current Approaches and Future Trends in Compost Quality Criteria for Agronomic, Environmental, and Human Health Benefits. In: Sparks DLBT-A in A (ed). Academic Press, pp. 143–233.
  • [24] Chiumenti R, Chiumenti A. Technology of composting. Agencia regionale per la prevencione e protezione ambientale del Veneto. ISBN 954–8853–59–0, Sofia.(BG), 2002.
  • [25] Antunes LP, Martins LF, Pereira RV, et al. Microbial community structure and dynamics in thermophilic composting viewed through metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 1–13.
  • [26] Getahun T, Nigusie A, Entele T, et al. Effect of turning frequencies on composting biodegradable municipal solid waste quality. Resour Conserv Recycl 2012; 65: 79–84.
  • [27] Sundberg C, Yu D, Franke-Whittle I, et al. Effects of pH and microbial composition on odour in food waste composting. Waste Manag 2013; 33: 204–211.
  • [28] Sundberg C, Smårs S, Jönsson H. Low pH as an inhibiting factor in the transition from mesophilic to thermophilic phase in composting. Bioresour Technol 2004; 95: 145–150.
  • [29] Cheung HNB, Huang GH, Yu H. Microbial-growth inhibition during composting of food waste: Effects of organic acids. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101: 5925–5934.
  • [30] Liang C, Das KC, McClendon RW. The influence of temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend. Bioresour Technol 2003; 86: 131–137.
  • [31] Iqbal MK, Nadeem A, Sherazi F, et al. Optimization of process parameters for kitchen waste composting by response surface methodology. Int J Environ Sci Technol 2015; 12: 1759–1768.
  • [32] Richard TL, Hamelers HVM, Veeken A, et al. Moisture relationships in composting processes. Compost Sci Util 2002; 10: 286–302.
  • [33] Diaz L., de Bertoldi M de, Bidlingmaier W, et al. Compost Science and Technology Volume 8 1st Edition. First. Elsevier Science, 2007.
  • [34] Bureau of Product Standards (BAFPS). Philippine National Standard - Philippine Tablea. PNS/BAFPS.

Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes

Year 2021, , 184 - 189, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.848129

Abstract

Composting is one of the simplest and oldest methods for reducing biowaste at source before it goes to the main waste stream. However, odor from the degradation procedure can be a significant problem, which can hinder household to pursue this kind of endeavor. This study aimed to evaluate the composting barrel using a covering device to mitigate the emission of foul odor during composting of typical household biowaste. Turning the substrates inside the barrel is recommended, but the effect of turning frequency needs additional discussion. Hence, two barrels with the same capacity were used in the study for comparison. Barrel A was turned daily while Barrel B was turned once a week, both with five complete rotations. Results showed that compost from Barrel A could be harvested earlier than Barrel B, as a result of the higher turning rate. Composting parameters such as temperature, pH, moisture content, and mass variations were carefully monitored and exhibited acceptable operating conditions.

In terms of the quality of the final compost, the former had a total Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium (NPK) of 4.67 %, while the latter has a total NPK of 4.86 %, which are both classified as soil conditioners based on the standard for organic soil amendments. Moreover, the activated carbon (AC) mat cover was found to be effective (p<0.05) in deterring odor in the course of the decomposition process. Hence, this study demonstrates that the composting can be a non-odorous and eco-friendly solution for household’s biodegradable waste management.

References

  • [1] EMB - DENR. National Solid Waste Management Status Report (2008-2014), http://119.92.161.2/portal/Portals/38/Solid Wastefinaldraft 12.29.15.pdf (2015).
  • [2] Ali SM, Pervaiz A, Afzal B, et al. Open dumping of municipal solid waste and its hazardous impacts on soil and vegetation diversity at waste dumping sites of Islamabad city. J King Saud Univ 2014; 26: 59–65.
  • [3] Trihadiningrum Y, Laksono IJ, Dhokhikah Y, et al. Community activities in residential solid waste reduction in Tenggilis Mejoyo District, Surabaya City, Indonesia. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 2017; 19: 526–535.
  • [4] Lekammudiyanse LM, Gunatilake S. Efficiency of the household compost bin as a wastemanagement technique in Sri Lanka. Int J Basic Appl Sci IJBAS-LIENS 2009; 10: 89–94.
  • [5] Karnchanawong S, Suriyanon N. Household organic waste composting using bins with different types of passive aeration. Resour Conserv Recycl 2011; 55: 548–553.
  • [6] Kalamdhad AS, Kazmi AA. Effects of turning frequency on compost stability and some chemical characteristics in a rotary drum composter. Chemosphere 2009; 74: 1327–1334.
  • [7] Wilmink TR, Diener RG. Handbook for Commercial and Municipal Composting in West Virginia. Wilmink Associates, Inc., 2001.
  • [8] Harrison EZ. HEALTH IMPACT OF COMPOSTING AIR EMISSIONS. Biocycle 2007; 48: 44.
  • [9] Park KJ, Choi MH, Hong JH. Control of composting odor using biofiltration. Compost Sci Util 2002; 10: 356–362.
  • [10] Lan AK, Bruce MP, Chase RJ. Evaluating the performance of biofilters for composting odor control. J Environ Sci Heal Part A Environ Sci Eng Toxicol 1996; 31: 2247–2273.
  • [11] Dyer MH. What Is Activated Charcoal: Can Charcoal Be Composted For Odor Control. Gardening Know How (Compost Ingredients), 2018, https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/ingredients/activated-charcoal-in-compost.htm#:~:text=The millions of tiny pores,unpleasant aromas%2C including smelly compost. (2018).
  • [12] Ma J, Wilson K, Zhao Q, et al. Odor in Commercial Scale Compost: Literature Review and Critical Analysis. Washingt State Dep Ecol; 17.
  • [13] Parkinson R, Gibbs P, Burchett S, et al. Effect of turning regime and seasonal weather conditions on nitrogen and phosphorus losses during aerobic composting of cattle manure. Bioresour Technol 2004; 91: 171–178.
  • [14] Jiang-ming Z. Effect of turning frequency on co-composting pig manure and fungus residue. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 2017; 67: 313–321.
  • [15] Desta KG, Ali MS. Compost Turning: the key to quick composting.
  • [16] Boyle PE. The effect of turning frequency on in-vessel compost processing and quality. 2015; 2–29.
  • [17] Moqsud MA, Bushra QS, Rahman MH. Composting barrel for sustainable organic waste management in Bangladesh. Waste Manag Res 2011; 29: 1286–1293.
  • [18] Schulz T, Balch A, Bowly S. Odour Intensity Measurement: An overview of its potential for use in Odour Impact Assessment and Control. Clean Air Environ Qual 2002; 36: 38.
  • [19] Chang R, Li Y, Li J, et al. Influences of the thermophilic period on biodegradation and nitrogen loss in stimulated vegetable waste composting. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019; 18: e00623.
  • [20] Godden B, Penninckx M, Piérard A, et al. Evolution of enzyme activities and microbial populations during composting of cattle manure. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1983; 17: 306–310.
  • [21] Iqbal MK, Shafiq T, Ahmed K. Characterization of bulking agents and its effects on physical properties of compost. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101: 1913–1919.
  • [22] Shilev S, Naydenov M, Vancheva V, et al. Composting of food and agricultural wastes. In: Utilization of By-Products and Treatment of Waste in the Food Industry. Springer, 2007, pp. 283–301.
  • [23] Bernal MP, Sommer SG, Chadwick D, et al. Chapter Three - Current Approaches and Future Trends in Compost Quality Criteria for Agronomic, Environmental, and Human Health Benefits. In: Sparks DLBT-A in A (ed). Academic Press, pp. 143–233.
  • [24] Chiumenti R, Chiumenti A. Technology of composting. Agencia regionale per la prevencione e protezione ambientale del Veneto. ISBN 954–8853–59–0, Sofia.(BG), 2002.
  • [25] Antunes LP, Martins LF, Pereira RV, et al. Microbial community structure and dynamics in thermophilic composting viewed through metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 1–13.
  • [26] Getahun T, Nigusie A, Entele T, et al. Effect of turning frequencies on composting biodegradable municipal solid waste quality. Resour Conserv Recycl 2012; 65: 79–84.
  • [27] Sundberg C, Yu D, Franke-Whittle I, et al. Effects of pH and microbial composition on odour in food waste composting. Waste Manag 2013; 33: 204–211.
  • [28] Sundberg C, Smårs S, Jönsson H. Low pH as an inhibiting factor in the transition from mesophilic to thermophilic phase in composting. Bioresour Technol 2004; 95: 145–150.
  • [29] Cheung HNB, Huang GH, Yu H. Microbial-growth inhibition during composting of food waste: Effects of organic acids. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101: 5925–5934.
  • [30] Liang C, Das KC, McClendon RW. The influence of temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend. Bioresour Technol 2003; 86: 131–137.
  • [31] Iqbal MK, Nadeem A, Sherazi F, et al. Optimization of process parameters for kitchen waste composting by response surface methodology. Int J Environ Sci Technol 2015; 12: 1759–1768.
  • [32] Richard TL, Hamelers HVM, Veeken A, et al. Moisture relationships in composting processes. Compost Sci Util 2002; 10: 286–302.
  • [33] Diaz L., de Bertoldi M de, Bidlingmaier W, et al. Compost Science and Technology Volume 8 1st Edition. First. Elsevier Science, 2007.
  • [34] Bureau of Product Standards (BAFPS). Philippine National Standard - Philippine Tablea. PNS/BAFPS.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Marcelino Jr Lunag 0000-0002-4073-2850

Melissa May Boado 0000-0001-9596-5574

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Submission Date December 28, 2020
Acceptance Date June 5, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Lunag, M. J., & Boado, M. M. (2021). Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes. Environmental Research and Technology, 4(2), 184-189. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.848129
AMA Lunag MJ, Boado MM. Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes. ERT. June 2021;4(2):184-189. doi:10.35208/ert.848129
Chicago Lunag, Marcelino Jr, and Melissa May Boado. “Performance Evaluation of a Non-Odorous Compost Barrel for Household Purposes”. Environmental Research and Technology 4, no. 2 (June 2021): 184-89. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.848129.
EndNote Lunag MJ, Boado MM (June 1, 2021) Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes. Environmental Research and Technology 4 2 184–189.
IEEE M. J. Lunag and M. M. Boado, “Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes”, ERT, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 184–189, 2021, doi: 10.35208/ert.848129.
ISNAD Lunag, Marcelino Jr - Boado, Melissa May. “Performance Evaluation of a Non-Odorous Compost Barrel for Household Purposes”. Environmental Research and Technology 4/2 (June 2021), 184-189. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.848129.
JAMA Lunag MJ, Boado MM. Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes. ERT. 2021;4:184–189.
MLA Lunag, Marcelino Jr and Melissa May Boado. “Performance Evaluation of a Non-Odorous Compost Barrel for Household Purposes”. Environmental Research and Technology, vol. 4, no. 2, 2021, pp. 184-9, doi:10.35208/ert.848129.
Vancouver Lunag MJ, Boado MM. Performance evaluation of a non-odorous compost barrel for household purposes. ERT. 2021;4(2):184-9.