Research Article
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Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey

Year 2021, , 230 - 243, 30.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.912990

Abstract

Southeast Anatolia Region, where Turkey's summer-winter differences were experienced as a region, was preferred in this study. Daily precipitation and daily temperature data for the 1950-2019 period were provided for analysis. However, due to data deficiencies, Adiyaman, Batman and Kilis stations were worked in the 1959-2019 period and Sirnak station in the 2000-2019 period. All data have been tested for homogeneity.
According to the parameters used in this study, comparisons were made between the indices. It is divided into 4 according to the parameters used. Although the parameter used is the same, each index has drawn different results due to time differences. Dry results were obtained across the entire station from the methodology of the EDI (as used daily rainfall data). In addition, due to the low precipitation in the index, dry results were obtained in the RAI. Normal results were obtained with other precipitation-based drought indices.
According to EDDI results, the driest month is April. During the 12-month seasonal period, only 5 months have passed in the form of no drought.
According to SPEI and RDI values, normal results were achieved at all stations. Moderately and severely dry conditions sometimes occur, extremely dry have rarely been seen. RDI has been identified to have a more drought duration than SPEI.
According to PCI and HTC (based on precipitation and temperature), EDI and RAI results (precipitation-based), the region is dominated by drought. When viewed on a station-by-station basis, drought has been observed at stations in the borders.

Supporting Institution

BAP

Project Number

2020FEBE038

Thanks

This paper is also one of the preliminary researches of our project “Türkiye'de Yağışa Dayalı Kuraklık Analizi”, financed by PAU Scientific Research Project Funds.

References

  • P.S. Lake. Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems: Effects and Responses. John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, UK. 2011.
  • D. Wilhite, Ed., Drought: A Global Assessment, vols. I &II. Routledge Hazards and Disasters Series, Routledge, London. 2000.
  • S.M. Hsiang, M. Burke and E. Miguel, “Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict,” Science, Vol. 341 (6151), 2013.
  • D.A. Wilhite and M.H. Glantz, “Understanding: the drought phenomenon: the role of definitions,” Water International, Vol. 10, pp. 111–120, 1985.
  • M. Dai, S. Huang, Q. Huang, G. Leng, Y. Guo, L. Wang, W. Fang, P. Li, and X. Zheng, “Assessing agricultural drought risk and its dynamic evolution characteristics,” Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 231, pp. 106003, 2020.
  • A. Dai, “Characteristics and trends in various forms of the Palmer drought severity index during 1900–2008,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116 (D12), 2011.
  • T.B.N. McKee, J. Doesken and J. Kleist, “The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales,” in Proceedings of Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology American Meteorological Society, pp. 179–184, 1993.
  • E. De Martonne, “Une nouvelle fonction climatologique: l’indice d’aridité,” La Meteorologie, pp. 449-458, 1926.
  • W. Werick, G. Willeke, N.B. Guttman, J.R.M. Hosking and J.R. Wallis, “The national drought atlas,” EOS Trans. AGU, Vol. 75(8), pp. 89, 1994.
  • G. Tsakiris and H. Vangelis, “Establishing a drought index incorporating evapotranspiration,” European Water, Vol. 9(10), pp. 3–11, 2005.
  • H. Wu, M.J. Hayes, A. Weiss and Q.I. Hu, “An evaluation of the standardized precipitation index, the China-Z index, and the statistical Z-Score,” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 21, pp. 745–758, 2001.
  • S. Morid, V. Smakhtin and M. Moghaddasi, “Comparison of seven meteorological indices for drought monitoring in Iran,” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 26, pp. 971–985, 2006.
  • S. Adnan, K. Ullah, L. Shuanglin, S. Gao, A.H. Khan and R. Mahmood, “Comparison of various drought indices to monitor drought status in Pakistan,” Climate Dynamics, Vol. 51(5–6), pp. 1885–1899, 2018.
  • C.F. Dewes, I. Rangwala, J.J. Barsugli, M.T. Hobbins, and S. Kumar “Drought risk assessment under climate chage is sensitive to methodological choices for the estimation of evaporative demand,” PLoS One, Vol. 12, pp. e0174045, 2017.
  • D.J. McEvoy, J.L. Huntington, J.T. Abatzoglou and L.M. Edwards, “An Evaluation of Multiscalar Drought Indices in Nevada and Eastern California,” Earth Interactions, Vol. 16(18), pp. 1-18, 2012.
  • J.H. Stagge, L.M. Tallaksen, L. Gudmundsson, A. Van Loon and K. Stahl, “Candidate Distributions for Climatological Drought Indices (SPI and SPEI),” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 35(13), pp. 4027-4040, 2015.
  • S. Tirivarombo, D. Osupile and P. Eliasson, “Drought monitoring and analysis: SPEI and SPI,” Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 106, pp. 1–10, 2018.
  • A.D. Mehr, A.U. Sorman, E. Kahya and M.H. Afshar, “Climate change impacts on meteorological drought using SPI and SPEI: case study of Ankara, Turkey,” Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 65 (2), pp. 254-268, 2020.
  • M. Farajzadeh, M. Nikeghbal, S. Rafati and H. Adab, “Meteorological Drought Monitoring based on an efficient index, using Geostatistical analyst in Ghare Aghaj watershed_Iran,” in The First International Conference of Water Crisis, 2009.
  • B. Lyon, “The strength of El Niño and the spatial extent of tropical drought,” Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, pp. L21204, 2004.
  • P. Mahmoudi, A. Rigi and M.M. Kamak, “A comparative study of precipitation-based drought indices with the aim of selecting the best index for drought monitoring in Iran,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 137, pp. 3123–3138, 2019.
  • M.G. Kendall and A. Stuart. The Advanced Theory of Statistics, Charles Griffin & Company: London, High Wycombe. 1963.
  • H.R. Byun, and D.A. Wilhite, “Objective quantification of drought severity and duration,” Journal of Climate, Vol. 12, pp. 2747–2756, 1999.
  • R. Akhtari, S. Morid, M.H. Mahdian and V. Smakhtin, “Assessment of areal interpolation methods for spatial analysis of SPI and EDI drought indices,” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 29, pp. 135–145, 2009.
  • D.W. Kim, H.R. Byun and K.S. Choi, “Evaluation, modification, and application of the Effective Drought Index to 200-Year drought climatology of Seoul, Korea,” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 378 (1), pp. 1–12, 2009.
  • R.C. Deo, H.R. Byun, J.F. Adamowski and K. Begum, “Application of effective drought index for quantification of meteorological drought events: a case study in Australia,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 128, pp. 359–379, 2017.
  • M. Masoudi and S. Hakimi, “A new model for vulnerability assessment of drought in Iran using percent of normal precipitation index (PNPI),” Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 38(4), pp. 435–440, 2014.
  • M.P. Van Rooy, “A rainfall anomaly index independent of time and space, Notos,” Weather Bureau of South Africa, Vol. 14, pp. 43–48, 1965.
  • J.A. Costa and G.P. Rodrigues, “Space-Time Distribution of Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) for the Salgado Basin,” Ciência e Natura, Vol. 39, pp. 627–634, 2017.
  • S. Sirdaş and Z. Şen, “Meteorolojik Kuraklik Modellemesi ve Türkiye Uygulamasi,” ITU Journal, Vol. 2(2), pp. 95–103, 2003. (in Turkish).
  • T. Caloiero, “SPI trend analysis of New Zealand applying the ITA technique,” Geosciences, Vol. 8, pp. 101, 2018.
  • G. Tsakiris and H. Vangelis, “Towards a drought watch system based on spatial SPI,” Water Resources Management, Vol. 18(1), pp. 1–12, 2004.
  • M. Mashari Eshghabad, E. Omidvar and K. Solaimani, “Efficiency of some meteorological drought indices in different time scales,” ECOPERSIA, Vol. 2(1), pp. 441–453, 2014.
  • D.J. McEvoy, J.L. Huntington, M.T. Hobbins, A. Wood, C. Morton, J. Verdin, M. Anderson and C. Hain “The Evaporative Demand Drought Index. Part II: CONUS-wide assessment against common drought indicators,” Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 17, pp. 1763–1779, 2016.
  • A.Ş. Vlăduţ and M. Licurici, “Aridity conditions within the region of Oltenia (Romania) from 1961 to 2015,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 140, pp. 589–602, 2020.
  • E. De Martonne. Trait´e de G´eographie Physique: 3 tomes, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris. 1927.
  • E. Baltas, “Spatial distribution of climatic indices in northern Greece,” Meteorological Applications, Vol. 14, pp. 69–78, 2007.
  • M.G. Radaković, I. Tošić, N. Bačević, D. Mladjan, M.B. Gavrilov and S.B. Marković, “The analysis of aridity in Central Serbia from 1949 to 2015,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 133(3–4), pp. 887–898, 2018.
  • G.T. Selyaninov. The nature and dynamics of the droughts. Droughts in the USSR, their nature, recurrences and impact on crops yields (in Russian). Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad. 1958.
  • S.M. Vicente-Serrano, S. Beguería, and J.I. Lopez-Moreno, “A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index – SPEI,” Journal of Climate, Vol. 23, pp. 1696–1718, 2010.
  • H. Chen and J. Sun, “Changes in Drought Characteristics over China Using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index” Journal of Climate, Vol. 28, pp. 5430-5447, 2015.
  • D. Tigkas, “Drought characterisation and monitoring in regions of Greece,” European Water Management, Vol. 23(24), pp. 29–39, 2008.
  • G. Tsakiris, D. Pangalou and H. Vangelis, “Regional drought assessment based on the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI),” Water Resources Management, Vol. 21(5), pp. 821–833, 2007.
Year 2021, , 230 - 243, 30.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.912990

Abstract

Project Number

2020FEBE038

References

  • P.S. Lake. Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems: Effects and Responses. John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, UK. 2011.
  • D. Wilhite, Ed., Drought: A Global Assessment, vols. I &II. Routledge Hazards and Disasters Series, Routledge, London. 2000.
  • S.M. Hsiang, M. Burke and E. Miguel, “Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict,” Science, Vol. 341 (6151), 2013.
  • D.A. Wilhite and M.H. Glantz, “Understanding: the drought phenomenon: the role of definitions,” Water International, Vol. 10, pp. 111–120, 1985.
  • M. Dai, S. Huang, Q. Huang, G. Leng, Y. Guo, L. Wang, W. Fang, P. Li, and X. Zheng, “Assessing agricultural drought risk and its dynamic evolution characteristics,” Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 231, pp. 106003, 2020.
  • A. Dai, “Characteristics and trends in various forms of the Palmer drought severity index during 1900–2008,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116 (D12), 2011.
  • T.B.N. McKee, J. Doesken and J. Kleist, “The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales,” in Proceedings of Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology American Meteorological Society, pp. 179–184, 1993.
  • E. De Martonne, “Une nouvelle fonction climatologique: l’indice d’aridité,” La Meteorologie, pp. 449-458, 1926.
  • W. Werick, G. Willeke, N.B. Guttman, J.R.M. Hosking and J.R. Wallis, “The national drought atlas,” EOS Trans. AGU, Vol. 75(8), pp. 89, 1994.
  • G. Tsakiris and H. Vangelis, “Establishing a drought index incorporating evapotranspiration,” European Water, Vol. 9(10), pp. 3–11, 2005.
  • H. Wu, M.J. Hayes, A. Weiss and Q.I. Hu, “An evaluation of the standardized precipitation index, the China-Z index, and the statistical Z-Score,” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 21, pp. 745–758, 2001.
  • S. Morid, V. Smakhtin and M. Moghaddasi, “Comparison of seven meteorological indices for drought monitoring in Iran,” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 26, pp. 971–985, 2006.
  • S. Adnan, K. Ullah, L. Shuanglin, S. Gao, A.H. Khan and R. Mahmood, “Comparison of various drought indices to monitor drought status in Pakistan,” Climate Dynamics, Vol. 51(5–6), pp. 1885–1899, 2018.
  • C.F. Dewes, I. Rangwala, J.J. Barsugli, M.T. Hobbins, and S. Kumar “Drought risk assessment under climate chage is sensitive to methodological choices for the estimation of evaporative demand,” PLoS One, Vol. 12, pp. e0174045, 2017.
  • D.J. McEvoy, J.L. Huntington, J.T. Abatzoglou and L.M. Edwards, “An Evaluation of Multiscalar Drought Indices in Nevada and Eastern California,” Earth Interactions, Vol. 16(18), pp. 1-18, 2012.
  • J.H. Stagge, L.M. Tallaksen, L. Gudmundsson, A. Van Loon and K. Stahl, “Candidate Distributions for Climatological Drought Indices (SPI and SPEI),” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 35(13), pp. 4027-4040, 2015.
  • S. Tirivarombo, D. Osupile and P. Eliasson, “Drought monitoring and analysis: SPEI and SPI,” Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 106, pp. 1–10, 2018.
  • A.D. Mehr, A.U. Sorman, E. Kahya and M.H. Afshar, “Climate change impacts on meteorological drought using SPI and SPEI: case study of Ankara, Turkey,” Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 65 (2), pp. 254-268, 2020.
  • M. Farajzadeh, M. Nikeghbal, S. Rafati and H. Adab, “Meteorological Drought Monitoring based on an efficient index, using Geostatistical analyst in Ghare Aghaj watershed_Iran,” in The First International Conference of Water Crisis, 2009.
  • B. Lyon, “The strength of El Niño and the spatial extent of tropical drought,” Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, pp. L21204, 2004.
  • P. Mahmoudi, A. Rigi and M.M. Kamak, “A comparative study of precipitation-based drought indices with the aim of selecting the best index for drought monitoring in Iran,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 137, pp. 3123–3138, 2019.
  • M.G. Kendall and A. Stuart. The Advanced Theory of Statistics, Charles Griffin & Company: London, High Wycombe. 1963.
  • H.R. Byun, and D.A. Wilhite, “Objective quantification of drought severity and duration,” Journal of Climate, Vol. 12, pp. 2747–2756, 1999.
  • R. Akhtari, S. Morid, M.H. Mahdian and V. Smakhtin, “Assessment of areal interpolation methods for spatial analysis of SPI and EDI drought indices,” International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 29, pp. 135–145, 2009.
  • D.W. Kim, H.R. Byun and K.S. Choi, “Evaluation, modification, and application of the Effective Drought Index to 200-Year drought climatology of Seoul, Korea,” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 378 (1), pp. 1–12, 2009.
  • R.C. Deo, H.R. Byun, J.F. Adamowski and K. Begum, “Application of effective drought index for quantification of meteorological drought events: a case study in Australia,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 128, pp. 359–379, 2017.
  • M. Masoudi and S. Hakimi, “A new model for vulnerability assessment of drought in Iran using percent of normal precipitation index (PNPI),” Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 38(4), pp. 435–440, 2014.
  • M.P. Van Rooy, “A rainfall anomaly index independent of time and space, Notos,” Weather Bureau of South Africa, Vol. 14, pp. 43–48, 1965.
  • J.A. Costa and G.P. Rodrigues, “Space-Time Distribution of Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) for the Salgado Basin,” Ciência e Natura, Vol. 39, pp. 627–634, 2017.
  • S. Sirdaş and Z. Şen, “Meteorolojik Kuraklik Modellemesi ve Türkiye Uygulamasi,” ITU Journal, Vol. 2(2), pp. 95–103, 2003. (in Turkish).
  • T. Caloiero, “SPI trend analysis of New Zealand applying the ITA technique,” Geosciences, Vol. 8, pp. 101, 2018.
  • G. Tsakiris and H. Vangelis, “Towards a drought watch system based on spatial SPI,” Water Resources Management, Vol. 18(1), pp. 1–12, 2004.
  • M. Mashari Eshghabad, E. Omidvar and K. Solaimani, “Efficiency of some meteorological drought indices in different time scales,” ECOPERSIA, Vol. 2(1), pp. 441–453, 2014.
  • D.J. McEvoy, J.L. Huntington, M.T. Hobbins, A. Wood, C. Morton, J. Verdin, M. Anderson and C. Hain “The Evaporative Demand Drought Index. Part II: CONUS-wide assessment against common drought indicators,” Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 17, pp. 1763–1779, 2016.
  • A.Ş. Vlăduţ and M. Licurici, “Aridity conditions within the region of Oltenia (Romania) from 1961 to 2015,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 140, pp. 589–602, 2020.
  • E. De Martonne. Trait´e de G´eographie Physique: 3 tomes, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris. 1927.
  • E. Baltas, “Spatial distribution of climatic indices in northern Greece,” Meteorological Applications, Vol. 14, pp. 69–78, 2007.
  • M.G. Radaković, I. Tošić, N. Bačević, D. Mladjan, M.B. Gavrilov and S.B. Marković, “The analysis of aridity in Central Serbia from 1949 to 2015,” Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 133(3–4), pp. 887–898, 2018.
  • G.T. Selyaninov. The nature and dynamics of the droughts. Droughts in the USSR, their nature, recurrences and impact on crops yields (in Russian). Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad. 1958.
  • S.M. Vicente-Serrano, S. Beguería, and J.I. Lopez-Moreno, “A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index – SPEI,” Journal of Climate, Vol. 23, pp. 1696–1718, 2010.
  • H. Chen and J. Sun, “Changes in Drought Characteristics over China Using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index” Journal of Climate, Vol. 28, pp. 5430-5447, 2015.
  • D. Tigkas, “Drought characterisation and monitoring in regions of Greece,” European Water Management, Vol. 23(24), pp. 29–39, 2008.
  • G. Tsakiris, D. Pangalou and H. Vangelis, “Regional drought assessment based on the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI),” Water Resources Management, Vol. 21(5), pp. 821–833, 2007.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental Engineering, Water Resources and Water Structures
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gözde Nur Akşan 0000-0002-2872-9827

Ülker Güner Bacanlı 0000-0002-2279-9138

Project Number 2020FEBE038
Publication Date September 30, 2021
Submission Date April 10, 2021
Acceptance Date July 26, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Akşan, G. N., & Bacanlı, Ü. G. (2021). Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. Environmental Research and Technology, 4(3), 230-243. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.912990
AMA Akşan GN, Bacanlı ÜG. Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. ERT. September 2021;4(3):230-243. doi:10.35208/ert.912990
Chicago Akşan, Gözde Nur, and Ülker Güner Bacanlı. “Comparison of the Meteorological Drought Indices According to the parameter(s) Used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey”. Environmental Research and Technology 4, no. 3 (September 2021): 230-43. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.912990.
EndNote Akşan GN, Bacanlı ÜG (September 1, 2021) Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. Environmental Research and Technology 4 3 230–243.
IEEE G. N. Akşan and Ü. G. Bacanlı, “Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey”, ERT, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 230–243, 2021, doi: 10.35208/ert.912990.
ISNAD Akşan, Gözde Nur - Bacanlı, Ülker Güner. “Comparison of the Meteorological Drought Indices According to the parameter(s) Used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey”. Environmental Research and Technology 4/3 (September 2021), 230-243. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.912990.
JAMA Akşan GN, Bacanlı ÜG. Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. ERT. 2021;4:230–243.
MLA Akşan, Gözde Nur and Ülker Güner Bacanlı. “Comparison of the Meteorological Drought Indices According to the parameter(s) Used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey”. Environmental Research and Technology, vol. 4, no. 3, 2021, pp. 230-43, doi:10.35208/ert.912990.
Vancouver Akşan GN, Bacanlı ÜG. Comparison of the meteorological drought indices according to the parameter(s) used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, Turkey. ERT. 2021;4(3):230-43.