Characterization and optimization of palm industry ash waste (PIAW) derived zeolites using central composite cesign (CCD)

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 4, 27 - 33, 01.12.2018

Said Nurdin , Syafiqah A. Khairuddin Hajar Athirah M. Sukri Chuah C. Wooi

Abstract

The prodigious ashes from
power electricity generation plants were devastated as solid waste by palm
industries into environment. PIAW, mostly Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) comprising
silica and alumina was discarded as non-profit oriented products, thus this
work is about PIAW, essentially POFA derived zeolites using ultrasound irradiation.
Performance of POFA was characterized, and process optimization was done by
employing CCD. Pre-treated POFA as feedstock and formed zeolites were
designated and analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (X-RF), Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) images, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum and X-Ray
Diffraction (XRD) diagram. Alkaline concentration (0.6 M-1.4M), irradiation
time (140 min-160 min) and KOH/POFA (1.5:1-2.5:1) were examined as non-constant
variables. Otherwise, ultrasonic power (600W), temperature (80°C) and silica
alumina ratio were justified as constant and response variables. An optimal
synthesized zeolites as ratio of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃
(10.60) was found from surface plot based on quadratic typical at KOH=1 M,
KOH/POFA=2 and time=150 min. Presence of A, P, X and irregular shape structures
zeolites are commensurable to another resources, mainly fly ash. These findings
are also important for waste reduction, recycling and zeolites synthesis from
material under economic value.

Keywords

Quadratic model, Ultrasound irradiation, Alkaline, Solid waste, Silica

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