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A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 81 - 91, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.701418

Abstract

Recently, as environmental regulation for the removal of nutrients and excess sludge produced through wastewater treatment has become more restricted, many wastewater treatment plants face serious challenges in terms of waste production. Nowadays, the issue of excess sludge production has received considerable critical attention. Recent developments in sludge treatment technologies have heightened the need for more promising strategies to reduce sludge levels in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner. The purpose of this paper is to review recent research into the oxic-settling-anaerobic/anoxic (OSA) technology for sludge minimization. The OSA process is a modification of a conventional activated sludge system with the addition of interchange bioreactor parallel to recycled activated sludge line. The OSA process seems to be a revolutionary and cost-effective alternative for sludge reduction approach in the future. It is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the OSA process in terms of sludge reduction efficiency, carbon and nutrient removal, operational parameters, possible reduction mechanisms and microbial community changes after the implementation of the OSA system and applied in the treatment of real wastewater at full-scale.

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References

  • A. Kelessidis, and A.S. Stasinakis, “Comparative Study of the methods used for treatment and final disposal of sewage sludge in European countries”, Waste Management, Vol. 32 (6), pp. 186-195, 2012.
  • M. Lundin, M. Bisaillon, G.J Pettersson, and H. Zetterlund, “Environmental and economic assessment of sewage sludge handling options”, Resources Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 41 (4), pp. 255-278, 2004.
  • Y. Wang, Y. Li, and G. Wu, “SRT contributes significantly to sludge reduction in the OSA-based activated sludge process”, Environmental Technology, Vol. 38 (3), pp. 305-315, 2016.
  • European Union, “Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in water policy”, Vol. 327, pp. 1–73, 2000.
  • B. Xiao, H. Li, H. Yan, and X. Guo, “Evaluation of the sludge reduction effectiveness of a metabolic uncoupler-tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate in anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process”, Desalination and Water Treatment, Vol. 57, pp. 5772–5780, 2016.
  • P. Romero, M. Coello, C. Aragon, P. Battistoni, and A. Eusebi, “Sludge reduction through ozonation of different specific dosages and operative management aspects in a full-scale study”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 141, pp. 1–9, 2015.
  • W. Ghyoot, and W. Verstraete, “Reduced sludge production in a two-stage membrane-assisted bioreactor”. Water Resource, Vol. 34 (1), pp. 205-215,2000.
  • L. Appels, J. Baeyens, J. Degreve, and R. Dewil, “Principles and potential of the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 34 (6), pp. 755–781, 2008.
  • L. Yu, and T. Joo-Hwa, “Strategy for minimization of excess sludge production from the activated sludge process”, Biotechnology Advances, Vol.19(2), pp.97-107,2001
  • W.C. Westgarth, F.T. Sulzzer, and D.A, Okun, “Anaerobiosis in the activated sludge process”, in Proc. IAWPRC, pp. 43–55, 1964.
  • W. Mesloh, K. Snider, J. Cook and E. Garner, “Rock Springs.Wyoming WWTP expansion using unique solids treatment and reduction process”, Process Water Environment, Vol. 3, pp. 1115-1125, 2007.
  • M. Walter, M. Burkhart, M. Read, D. Montgomery, A. Menniti, and D. Green, “Starting, Operating and Verifying the Performance of Cannibal® Solids Reduction Technology at Oak Lodge Sanitary District”, in Proc. WEFTEC, pp. 6789-6798, 2014.
  • G.U. Semblante, F.I. Hai, H.H. Ngo, W. Guo, S.J. You, W.E. Price, and L.D. Nghiem, “Sludge cycling between aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic regimes to reduce sludge production during wastewater treatment: performance, mechanisms, and implications”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 155, pp. 395–409, 2014.
  • S. Saby, M. Djafer, and G.H. Chen, “Effect of low ORP in anoxic sludge zone on excess sludge production in oxic-settling-anoxic activated sludge process”, Water Resource, Vol. 37 (1), pp. 11–20, 2003.
  • E.W. Low, and H.A. Chase, “Reducing production of excess biomass during wastewater treatment “, Water Research, Vol. 33, pp. 1119-1132,2000.
  • C.Troiani, A.L.L Eusebi, and P. Battistoni, P, “Excess sludge reduction by biological way: from experimental experience to a real full scale application”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 102, pp. 10352–10358, 2011.
  • P. Khanthongthip, J.T. Novak, M.L. Doyle, “Impact of substrate feed patterns on solids reduction by the cannibal process”, Water Environment Research, Vol. 87 (3), pp. 274-280, 2015.
  • G.U. Semblante, F.I. Hai, H. Bustamante, N. Guevara, and W.E Price, “Biosolids reduction by the oxic-settling-anoxic process: impact of sludge interchange rate”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 210, pp. 167–173, 2016.
  • A. Karlikanovaite-Balikci, and N. Yagci, “Determination and evaluation of kinetic parameters of activated sludge biomass from a sludge reduction system treating real sewage by respirometry testing”, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 240, pp. 303–310,2019.
  • Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, McGraw-Hill’s, New York, 2003.
  • P. Chudoba, A. Morel, and B. Capdeville, “The case of both energetic uncoupling and metabolic selection of microorganisms in the OSA activated sludge system”, Environmental Technology, Vol.3, pp.761–770,1992.
  • J.T. Novak, D.H. Chon, B.-A Curtis, and M. Doyle, “Biological solids reduction using the cannibal process”, Water Environmental Research, Vol. 79, pp. 2380–238, 2007.
  • F.X. Ye, R.F. Zhu, and Y. Li, “Effect of sludge retention time in the sludge holding tank on excess sludge production in the oxic-settling-anoxic (OSA) activated sludge process”, Journal of Technology&Biotechnology, Vol. 83 (1), pp. 109-114, 2008.
  • L. Sun, C.W. Randall, and J.T. Novak, “The influence of sludge interchange times on the oxic-settling-anoxic process”, Water and Environment Research, Vol. 82 (6), pp. 519–523,2010.
  • G.U. Semblante, H.V. Phan, F.I. Hai, Z.-Q.Q. Xu, W.E Price, and L.D. Nghiem, “The role of microbial diversity and composition in minimizing sludge production in the oxic-settling-anoxic process”, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 607–608, pp. 558–567, 2017.
  • N. Yagci, J.T. Novak, C.W Randall, and Orhon, D “The effect of iron dosing on reducing waste activated sludge in the oxic-settling-anoxic process”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 193, pp. 213–218, 2015.
  • S. Rodriguez-Perez, and F.G. Fermoso, “Influence of anoxic settling anoxic system on biomass yield, protozoa and filamentous bacteria”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 200, pp.170–177, 2016.
  • M.Coma, S. Rovira, J. Canals, and J. Colprim, “Minimization of sludge production by a side-stream reactor under anoxic conditions in a pilot plant. Bioresource Technology”, Vol. 129, pp. 229–235, 2013.
  • R. Vitanza, A. Cortesi, M. E. De Arana-Sarabia, V. Gallo, and I. A. Vasiliadou, “Oxic settling anaerobic (OSA) process for excess sludge reduction: 16 months of management of a pilot plant fed with real wastewater”, Journal of Waster Process Engineering, Vol. 32, 100902, 2019.
  • V. Sodhi, A. Bansal, and M.K. Jha, “Minimization of excess bio-sludge and pollution load in oxic-settling-anaerobic modified activated sludge treatment for tannery wastewater”, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 243, 118492, 2020.
  • F. Gao, S.-H. Zhang, X. Yu, and B. Wei, “Variations of both bacterial community and extracellular polymers: the inducements of increase of cell hydrophobicity from biofloc to aerobic granule sludge”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 102, pp. 6421–8, 2011.
  • T. Datta, L. Yanjie, and G. Ramesh, “Evaluation of simultaneous nutrient removal and sludge reduction using laboratory scale sequencing batch reactors”, Chemosphere, Vol. 76 (5), pp. 697-705, 2009.
  • Z. Zhou, W. Qiao, C. Xing, Y. An, X. Shen, W. Ren, L. Jiang, and L. Wang, “Microbial community structure of anoxic–oxic-settling-anaerobic sludge reduction process revealed by 454 pyrosequencing”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 266, pp. 249–257, 2015.
  • A. Khursheed, M.K. Sharma, V.K. Tyagi, A.A. Khan, and A.A. Kazmi, “Specific oxygen uptake rate gradient – another possible cause of excess sludge reduction in oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 281, pp. 613–622, 2015.
  • C. Cantekin, E.S. Taybuga, N. Yagci, and D. Orhon, “Potential for simultaneous nitrogen removal and sludge reduction of the oxic-settling-anaerobic process operated as a dual fed sequencing batch reactor”, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 247, pp. 394-400, 2019.
  • S.F. Corsino, M. Capodici, D. Di Trapani, M. Torregrossa, and G. Viviani, “Combination of the OSA process with thermal treatment at moderate temperature for excess sludge minimization”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 300, 122679, 2020.
  • L.M. Whang, and J. Park, “Competition between polyphosphate- and glycogen-accumulating organisms in biological phosphorus removal systems-Effect of temperature”, Water Science&Technology, Vol. 46 (1-2), pp. 191-4, 2002.
  • P. Huang, L. Li, S.M. Kotay, and R. Goel, “Carbon mass balance and microbial ecology in a laboratory scale reactor achieving simultaneous sludge reduction and nutrient removal”, Water Resource, Vol. 53, pp. 153-167,2014.
  • S.P. Easwaran, “Developing a Mechanistic Understanding and Optimization of the Cannibal Process: Phase II”, Ph.D. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 2006.
  • D.H. Chon, M. Rome, Y.M. Kim, K.Y. Park, and C. Park, “Investigation of the sludge reduction mechanism in the anaerobic side-stream reactor process using several control biological wastewater treatment processes”, Water Resource, Vol.45 (18), pp. 6021–6029,2011.
  • S.K. Khanal, and J.C. Huang, “Anaerobic treatment of high sulfate wastewater with oxygenation to control sulfide toxicity”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 129, (12), pp. 1104-1111, 2003.
  • S.S. Suthersan. Natural and Enhanced Remediation Systems.CRC Press, 1st ed. Florida, USA. 2001
  • G.H. Chen, K.J An, S. Saby, E. Brois, and M. Djafer, “Possible cause of excess sludge reduction in an oxic-settling-anaerobic activated sludge process (OSA process)”, Water Resource, Vol. 37 (16), pp. 3855–3866, 2003.
  • X. Li, X. Liu, S. Wu, A. Rasool, J. Zuo, C. Li, and G. Liu, “Microbial diversity and community distribution in different functional zones of continuous aerobic-anaerobic coupled for sludge in situ reduction”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 257, pp.74-81, 2014.
  • C.S. Reece, C.P. Roper, and R.E. Grad1y Jr, “Aerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge”, Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, Vol. 105 (2), pp. 261-272, 1979.
  • I.A. Nges, and J. Liu, “Effects of solid retention time on anaerobic digestion of dewatered-sewage sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 35 (10), pp. 2200-2206,2010.
  • R.L Droste, “Endogenous decay and bioenergetics theory for aerobic wastewater treatment”, Water Resource, Vol. 32 (2), pp. 410-418,1998.
  • A. Karlikanovaite-Balikci, and N. Yagci, “Determination and evaluation of kinetic parameters of activated sludge biomass from a sludge reduction system using real sewage by respirometry testing “Environmental Management, Vol. 240, pp. 303-310, 2019.
  • J. Wang, Q. Zhao, W. Jin.and J. Lin, “Mechanism on minimization of excess sludge in oxic-settling- anaerobic (OSA) process, Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, Vol. 2, pp. 36-43,2008.
  • X.-F. Yang, M.-I. Xie, and Y. Liu “Metabolic uncouplers reduce excess sludge production in activated sludge process”, Process Biochemistry, Vol. 38, pp. 1373-1377,2003.
  • F. Ye, and Y. Li, “Oxic- settling-anoxic (OSA) process combined with 3,3',4'5-tetrachlorosalicylanilid (TCS) to reduce excess sludge production in the activated sludge system”, Journal of Biochemical Engineering, Vol. 49, pp. 229-234,2018.
  • X.-C Feng, W.-Q., Guo, S.-S., Yang, H.-S. Zheng, J.-S., Du, Q.-L., Wu, and N.-Q. Ren, “Possible causes of excess sludge reduction adding metabolic uncoupler, 3,3′,4′,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS), in sequence batch reactors”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 173, pp. 96–103, 2014.
  • G.H. Chen, and Y. Liu, “Modelling of energy spilling in substrate-sufficient cultures”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 125, pp. 508-513,1999.
  • G.H. Chen, W.K. Yip, H.K. Mo, and Y. Liu, “Effect of sludge fasting/feasting on growth of activated sludge cultures”, Water Resource, Vol. 35(4), pp. 1029-1037, 2001.
  • Y. Wei, R.T. van Houten, A.R. Borger, D.H Eikelboom, and Y. Fan, Y, “Minimization of excess sludge production for biological wastewater treatment”, Water Resource, Vol. 37, pp. 4453–4467,2003.
  • B. Frolund, R. Palmgren, K. Keiding, and P. Nielsen, “Extraction of extracellular polymers from activated sludge using a cation exchange resin”, Water Resource, Vol. 30, pp. 1749–58, 1996.
  • H.C Flemming, and J. Wingender, “Relevance of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs)-Part I: Structural and ecological aspects”, Water Science Technology, Vol. 43 (6), pp. 1-8, 2001.
  • A. Karlikanovaite-Balikci, E.G. Ozbayram, N. Yagci, and O. Ince, “Microbial community shifts in the oxic-settling-anoxic process in response to changes to sludge interchange ratio”, Heliyon, Vol.5(4), e01517, 2019.
  • Y.M. Sun, Y.X. Shen, P. Liang, J.Z. Zhou, Y.F. Yang and X. Huang, “Linkages between microbial functional potential and wastewater constituents in large scale membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment”, Water Resource, Vol. 56, pp. 162-171, 2014.
  • L. Sun, J. Chen, X. Wei, W. Guo, M. Lin, X. Yu, “Study of the diversity of microbial communities in a sequencing batch reactor oxic–settling–anaerobic process and its modified process”, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 62, pp. 411–421, 2016.
  • C. Cheng, Z. Zhou, Z. Qiu, J. Yang, W. Wu, and H. Pang, “Enhancement of sludge reduction by ultrasonic pretreatment and packing carriers in the anaerobic side-stream reactor: performance, sludge characteristics and microbial community structure”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 249, pp. 298–306, 2018.
Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 81 - 91, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.701418

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • A. Kelessidis, and A.S. Stasinakis, “Comparative Study of the methods used for treatment and final disposal of sewage sludge in European countries”, Waste Management, Vol. 32 (6), pp. 186-195, 2012.
  • M. Lundin, M. Bisaillon, G.J Pettersson, and H. Zetterlund, “Environmental and economic assessment of sewage sludge handling options”, Resources Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 41 (4), pp. 255-278, 2004.
  • Y. Wang, Y. Li, and G. Wu, “SRT contributes significantly to sludge reduction in the OSA-based activated sludge process”, Environmental Technology, Vol. 38 (3), pp. 305-315, 2016.
  • European Union, “Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in water policy”, Vol. 327, pp. 1–73, 2000.
  • B. Xiao, H. Li, H. Yan, and X. Guo, “Evaluation of the sludge reduction effectiveness of a metabolic uncoupler-tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate in anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process”, Desalination and Water Treatment, Vol. 57, pp. 5772–5780, 2016.
  • P. Romero, M. Coello, C. Aragon, P. Battistoni, and A. Eusebi, “Sludge reduction through ozonation of different specific dosages and operative management aspects in a full-scale study”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 141, pp. 1–9, 2015.
  • W. Ghyoot, and W. Verstraete, “Reduced sludge production in a two-stage membrane-assisted bioreactor”. Water Resource, Vol. 34 (1), pp. 205-215,2000.
  • L. Appels, J. Baeyens, J. Degreve, and R. Dewil, “Principles and potential of the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 34 (6), pp. 755–781, 2008.
  • L. Yu, and T. Joo-Hwa, “Strategy for minimization of excess sludge production from the activated sludge process”, Biotechnology Advances, Vol.19(2), pp.97-107,2001
  • W.C. Westgarth, F.T. Sulzzer, and D.A, Okun, “Anaerobiosis in the activated sludge process”, in Proc. IAWPRC, pp. 43–55, 1964.
  • W. Mesloh, K. Snider, J. Cook and E. Garner, “Rock Springs.Wyoming WWTP expansion using unique solids treatment and reduction process”, Process Water Environment, Vol. 3, pp. 1115-1125, 2007.
  • M. Walter, M. Burkhart, M. Read, D. Montgomery, A. Menniti, and D. Green, “Starting, Operating and Verifying the Performance of Cannibal® Solids Reduction Technology at Oak Lodge Sanitary District”, in Proc. WEFTEC, pp. 6789-6798, 2014.
  • G.U. Semblante, F.I. Hai, H.H. Ngo, W. Guo, S.J. You, W.E. Price, and L.D. Nghiem, “Sludge cycling between aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic regimes to reduce sludge production during wastewater treatment: performance, mechanisms, and implications”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 155, pp. 395–409, 2014.
  • S. Saby, M. Djafer, and G.H. Chen, “Effect of low ORP in anoxic sludge zone on excess sludge production in oxic-settling-anoxic activated sludge process”, Water Resource, Vol. 37 (1), pp. 11–20, 2003.
  • E.W. Low, and H.A. Chase, “Reducing production of excess biomass during wastewater treatment “, Water Research, Vol. 33, pp. 1119-1132,2000.
  • C.Troiani, A.L.L Eusebi, and P. Battistoni, P, “Excess sludge reduction by biological way: from experimental experience to a real full scale application”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 102, pp. 10352–10358, 2011.
  • P. Khanthongthip, J.T. Novak, M.L. Doyle, “Impact of substrate feed patterns on solids reduction by the cannibal process”, Water Environment Research, Vol. 87 (3), pp. 274-280, 2015.
  • G.U. Semblante, F.I. Hai, H. Bustamante, N. Guevara, and W.E Price, “Biosolids reduction by the oxic-settling-anoxic process: impact of sludge interchange rate”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 210, pp. 167–173, 2016.
  • A. Karlikanovaite-Balikci, and N. Yagci, “Determination and evaluation of kinetic parameters of activated sludge biomass from a sludge reduction system treating real sewage by respirometry testing”, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 240, pp. 303–310,2019.
  • Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, McGraw-Hill’s, New York, 2003.
  • P. Chudoba, A. Morel, and B. Capdeville, “The case of both energetic uncoupling and metabolic selection of microorganisms in the OSA activated sludge system”, Environmental Technology, Vol.3, pp.761–770,1992.
  • J.T. Novak, D.H. Chon, B.-A Curtis, and M. Doyle, “Biological solids reduction using the cannibal process”, Water Environmental Research, Vol. 79, pp. 2380–238, 2007.
  • F.X. Ye, R.F. Zhu, and Y. Li, “Effect of sludge retention time in the sludge holding tank on excess sludge production in the oxic-settling-anoxic (OSA) activated sludge process”, Journal of Technology&Biotechnology, Vol. 83 (1), pp. 109-114, 2008.
  • L. Sun, C.W. Randall, and J.T. Novak, “The influence of sludge interchange times on the oxic-settling-anoxic process”, Water and Environment Research, Vol. 82 (6), pp. 519–523,2010.
  • G.U. Semblante, H.V. Phan, F.I. Hai, Z.-Q.Q. Xu, W.E Price, and L.D. Nghiem, “The role of microbial diversity and composition in minimizing sludge production in the oxic-settling-anoxic process”, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 607–608, pp. 558–567, 2017.
  • N. Yagci, J.T. Novak, C.W Randall, and Orhon, D “The effect of iron dosing on reducing waste activated sludge in the oxic-settling-anoxic process”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 193, pp. 213–218, 2015.
  • S. Rodriguez-Perez, and F.G. Fermoso, “Influence of anoxic settling anoxic system on biomass yield, protozoa and filamentous bacteria”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 200, pp.170–177, 2016.
  • M.Coma, S. Rovira, J. Canals, and J. Colprim, “Minimization of sludge production by a side-stream reactor under anoxic conditions in a pilot plant. Bioresource Technology”, Vol. 129, pp. 229–235, 2013.
  • R. Vitanza, A. Cortesi, M. E. De Arana-Sarabia, V. Gallo, and I. A. Vasiliadou, “Oxic settling anaerobic (OSA) process for excess sludge reduction: 16 months of management of a pilot plant fed with real wastewater”, Journal of Waster Process Engineering, Vol. 32, 100902, 2019.
  • V. Sodhi, A. Bansal, and M.K. Jha, “Minimization of excess bio-sludge and pollution load in oxic-settling-anaerobic modified activated sludge treatment for tannery wastewater”, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 243, 118492, 2020.
  • F. Gao, S.-H. Zhang, X. Yu, and B. Wei, “Variations of both bacterial community and extracellular polymers: the inducements of increase of cell hydrophobicity from biofloc to aerobic granule sludge”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 102, pp. 6421–8, 2011.
  • T. Datta, L. Yanjie, and G. Ramesh, “Evaluation of simultaneous nutrient removal and sludge reduction using laboratory scale sequencing batch reactors”, Chemosphere, Vol. 76 (5), pp. 697-705, 2009.
  • Z. Zhou, W. Qiao, C. Xing, Y. An, X. Shen, W. Ren, L. Jiang, and L. Wang, “Microbial community structure of anoxic–oxic-settling-anaerobic sludge reduction process revealed by 454 pyrosequencing”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 266, pp. 249–257, 2015.
  • A. Khursheed, M.K. Sharma, V.K. Tyagi, A.A. Khan, and A.A. Kazmi, “Specific oxygen uptake rate gradient – another possible cause of excess sludge reduction in oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 281, pp. 613–622, 2015.
  • C. Cantekin, E.S. Taybuga, N. Yagci, and D. Orhon, “Potential for simultaneous nitrogen removal and sludge reduction of the oxic-settling-anaerobic process operated as a dual fed sequencing batch reactor”, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 247, pp. 394-400, 2019.
  • S.F. Corsino, M. Capodici, D. Di Trapani, M. Torregrossa, and G. Viviani, “Combination of the OSA process with thermal treatment at moderate temperature for excess sludge minimization”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 300, 122679, 2020.
  • L.M. Whang, and J. Park, “Competition between polyphosphate- and glycogen-accumulating organisms in biological phosphorus removal systems-Effect of temperature”, Water Science&Technology, Vol. 46 (1-2), pp. 191-4, 2002.
  • P. Huang, L. Li, S.M. Kotay, and R. Goel, “Carbon mass balance and microbial ecology in a laboratory scale reactor achieving simultaneous sludge reduction and nutrient removal”, Water Resource, Vol. 53, pp. 153-167,2014.
  • S.P. Easwaran, “Developing a Mechanistic Understanding and Optimization of the Cannibal Process: Phase II”, Ph.D. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 2006.
  • D.H. Chon, M. Rome, Y.M. Kim, K.Y. Park, and C. Park, “Investigation of the sludge reduction mechanism in the anaerobic side-stream reactor process using several control biological wastewater treatment processes”, Water Resource, Vol.45 (18), pp. 6021–6029,2011.
  • S.K. Khanal, and J.C. Huang, “Anaerobic treatment of high sulfate wastewater with oxygenation to control sulfide toxicity”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 129, (12), pp. 1104-1111, 2003.
  • S.S. Suthersan. Natural and Enhanced Remediation Systems.CRC Press, 1st ed. Florida, USA. 2001
  • G.H. Chen, K.J An, S. Saby, E. Brois, and M. Djafer, “Possible cause of excess sludge reduction in an oxic-settling-anaerobic activated sludge process (OSA process)”, Water Resource, Vol. 37 (16), pp. 3855–3866, 2003.
  • X. Li, X. Liu, S. Wu, A. Rasool, J. Zuo, C. Li, and G. Liu, “Microbial diversity and community distribution in different functional zones of continuous aerobic-anaerobic coupled for sludge in situ reduction”, Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 257, pp.74-81, 2014.
  • C.S. Reece, C.P. Roper, and R.E. Grad1y Jr, “Aerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge”, Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, Vol. 105 (2), pp. 261-272, 1979.
  • I.A. Nges, and J. Liu, “Effects of solid retention time on anaerobic digestion of dewatered-sewage sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 35 (10), pp. 2200-2206,2010.
  • R.L Droste, “Endogenous decay and bioenergetics theory for aerobic wastewater treatment”, Water Resource, Vol. 32 (2), pp. 410-418,1998.
  • A. Karlikanovaite-Balikci, and N. Yagci, “Determination and evaluation of kinetic parameters of activated sludge biomass from a sludge reduction system using real sewage by respirometry testing “Environmental Management, Vol. 240, pp. 303-310, 2019.
  • J. Wang, Q. Zhao, W. Jin.and J. Lin, “Mechanism on minimization of excess sludge in oxic-settling- anaerobic (OSA) process, Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, Vol. 2, pp. 36-43,2008.
  • X.-F. Yang, M.-I. Xie, and Y. Liu “Metabolic uncouplers reduce excess sludge production in activated sludge process”, Process Biochemistry, Vol. 38, pp. 1373-1377,2003.
  • F. Ye, and Y. Li, “Oxic- settling-anoxic (OSA) process combined with 3,3',4'5-tetrachlorosalicylanilid (TCS) to reduce excess sludge production in the activated sludge system”, Journal of Biochemical Engineering, Vol. 49, pp. 229-234,2018.
  • X.-C Feng, W.-Q., Guo, S.-S., Yang, H.-S. Zheng, J.-S., Du, Q.-L., Wu, and N.-Q. Ren, “Possible causes of excess sludge reduction adding metabolic uncoupler, 3,3′,4′,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS), in sequence batch reactors”, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 173, pp. 96–103, 2014.
  • G.H. Chen, and Y. Liu, “Modelling of energy spilling in substrate-sufficient cultures”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 125, pp. 508-513,1999.
  • G.H. Chen, W.K. Yip, H.K. Mo, and Y. Liu, “Effect of sludge fasting/feasting on growth of activated sludge cultures”, Water Resource, Vol. 35(4), pp. 1029-1037, 2001.
  • Y. Wei, R.T. van Houten, A.R. Borger, D.H Eikelboom, and Y. Fan, Y, “Minimization of excess sludge production for biological wastewater treatment”, Water Resource, Vol. 37, pp. 4453–4467,2003.
  • B. Frolund, R. Palmgren, K. Keiding, and P. Nielsen, “Extraction of extracellular polymers from activated sludge using a cation exchange resin”, Water Resource, Vol. 30, pp. 1749–58, 1996.
  • H.C Flemming, and J. Wingender, “Relevance of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs)-Part I: Structural and ecological aspects”, Water Science Technology, Vol. 43 (6), pp. 1-8, 2001.
  • A. Karlikanovaite-Balikci, E.G. Ozbayram, N. Yagci, and O. Ince, “Microbial community shifts in the oxic-settling-anoxic process in response to changes to sludge interchange ratio”, Heliyon, Vol.5(4), e01517, 2019.
  • Y.M. Sun, Y.X. Shen, P. Liang, J.Z. Zhou, Y.F. Yang and X. Huang, “Linkages between microbial functional potential and wastewater constituents in large scale membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment”, Water Resource, Vol. 56, pp. 162-171, 2014.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental Engineering
Journal Section Review
Authors

Agne Karlikanovaite-balıkçı This is me 0000-0002-4184-1127

Nevin Yağcı 0000-0003-4286-6542

Project Number -
Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date March 11, 2020
Acceptance Date April 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karlikanovaite-balıkçı, A., & Yağcı, N. (2020). A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process. Environmental Research and Technology, 3(2), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.701418
AMA Karlikanovaite-balıkçı A, Yağcı N. A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process. ERT. June 2020;3(2):81-91. doi:10.35208/ert.701418
Chicago Karlikanovaite-balıkçı, Agne, and Nevin Yağcı. “A Review on Promising Strategy to Decrease Sludge Production: Oxic-Settling-anoxic/Anaerobic Process”. Environmental Research and Technology 3, no. 2 (June 2020): 81-91. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.701418.
EndNote Karlikanovaite-balıkçı A, Yağcı N (June 1, 2020) A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process. Environmental Research and Technology 3 2 81–91.
IEEE A. Karlikanovaite-balıkçı and N. Yağcı, “A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process”, ERT, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 81–91, 2020, doi: 10.35208/ert.701418.
ISNAD Karlikanovaite-balıkçı, Agne - Yağcı, Nevin. “A Review on Promising Strategy to Decrease Sludge Production: Oxic-Settling-anoxic/Anaerobic Process”. Environmental Research and Technology 3/2 (June 2020), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.701418.
JAMA Karlikanovaite-balıkçı A, Yağcı N. A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process. ERT. 2020;3:81–91.
MLA Karlikanovaite-balıkçı, Agne and Nevin Yağcı. “A Review on Promising Strategy to Decrease Sludge Production: Oxic-Settling-anoxic/Anaerobic Process”. Environmental Research and Technology, vol. 3, no. 2, 2020, pp. 81-91, doi:10.35208/ert.701418.
Vancouver Karlikanovaite-balıkçı A, Yağcı N. A review on promising strategy to decrease sludge production: Oxic-settling-anoxic/anaerobic process. ERT. 2020;3(2):81-9.