Organophosphate, carbamate and synthetic pyrethroid pesticide residues in muscle tissues of fish from Loktak Lake, a Ramsar Site in Manipur, India

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 303 - 312, 30.09.2024

Maisnam Sapana Devi , Thingbaijam Binoy Singh , Abhik Gupta

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1391806

Abstract

The muscle tissues of Channa punctatus and Anabas testudineus collected from the Loktak Lake (a Ramsar site) and its three major feeder rivers in Manipur, Northeastern India, were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography for the presence of residues of organophosphorus, carbamate, and synthetic pyrethroid pesticides. Pesticide residues of all the three types were detected in the fish tissues. Pesticide residues in Channa punctatus ranged from 0.002 – 0.043 µg g-1, and from 0.008 –0.027 µg g-1in Anabas testudineus from Loktak lake in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Pesticide residues were detected only in Anabas testudineus (0.002 – 0.078 µg g-1) in Nambul river, while these were detected only in Channa puctatus (0.001 – 0.032 µg g-1) in Moirang river. In Nambol river, pesticide concentrations ranged from 0.002 – 0.026 µg g-1 in Channa punctatus, and from 0.004 – 0.005 µg g-1 in Anabas testudineus. Among the five pesticides detected, concentrations of dichlorvos residues detected in the present study (0.027 and 0.032 µg g-1 wet weight) exceeded the Codex Alimentarius maximum residue limit (MRL) of 0.01 mg kg-1 for animal tissues. The rest of the compounds were within the MRL. None of the pesticide residues was detected in the two fish species collected from the control or reference site. The present study indicates that pesticide contamination is emerging as a threat to the water quality and aquatic biodiversity of Loktak Lake, which calls for more detailed studies on the extent and magnitude of these threats.

Keywords

Fish, high-performance liquid chromatography, Loktak Lake, maximum residue limit, pesticide residues

Ethical Statement

Not Applicable, because this research work is related to fish tissue only.

Supporting Institution

the Department of Life Sciences and Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, India and to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), North East Hill Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphel, Imphal, India

Project Number

The award of DBT-Research Associateship Post-doctoral fellowship program funded by Department of Biotechnology and Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, Govt. of India.

Thanks

Dr. Aribam Satishchandra Sharma and Dr. Bhaben Chowardhara for assisting her in carrying out the statistical analysis.

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