Enhancing climate change resilience: Assessing adaptation needs, and significance of monitoring and evaluation systems

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 17 - 34, 31.03.2025

Çiğdem Tuğaç

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1449171

Abstract

Losses and damages from climate change-related extreme weather events and disasters require the development of adaptation measures to increase resilience to the adverse impacts of climate change. In line with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement's Global Goal on Adaptation, Parties have developed strategies that include adaptation actions, but there are significant gaps in the identification of adaptation needs and the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of actions to address them. Adaptation M&E systems are critical for measuring the success of adaptation actions, providing feedback from the implementation process, and identifying new actions. There is no global methodology for adaptation M&E. At international climate change negotiations in 2023, it was agreed that countries should operationalize their national adaptation M&E systems by 2030. The study aims to evaluate adaptation M&E methodologies developed by countries at different development levels and to present future policy recommendations for the adaptation M&E system planned to be established in Türkiye. The study reveals the necessity of up-to-date socio-economic data as well as climate data in determining adaptation needs and adaptation M&E systems. In Türkiye, which is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, for the success of adaptation actions, besides the rapid operationalization of the adaptation M&E system, the establishment of the system with an approach that includes all stakeholders in the process and considers adaptation actions as integrated with disaster risk management actions is an important requirement in the context of Türkiye's international commitments, national security, and development.

Keywords

Adaptation, Climate Change, Disaster, Evaluation, Monitoring, Resilience

Ethical Statement

The author declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. There are no ethical issues with the publication of this manuscript.

Supporting Institution

N/A

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