Evaluation of adsorption isotherms and kinetics of chloride ion in water using biochar derived from locally available agro-waste

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 288 - 296, 30.06.2025

Mohd Ishaq , Rc Chhipa , Anupama Sharma , Gh Ali

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1491915

Abstract

The uses of agricultural byproduct solid wastes to develop low cost sorbents are advantageous and promising for the removal of water contaminants. It serves the purposes of both environmental remediation and appropriate management of agricultural waste generated during agricultural processing. In this study, locally available apricot seed shell and Salix Alba leaves were utilized as agro-waste for the preparation of adsorbents. The biochar was prepared at 300-400oC via pyrolysis and 80 mesh particle sizes were modified by 1N HCl. The unmodified and acid modified local Salix Alba leaves and Apricot seed shell biochar were used to study the adsorption of chloride ion in water, which can damage appliances of industries and also poses health issues at elevated concentration. Adsorption kinetics including pseudo 1st and 2nd order and equilibrium studies including Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm were conducted at pH 7. The adsorption efficiency of modified biochar was much higher than the unmodified biochar due to induce surface positive charge. The Langmuir maximum adsorption of modified Salix Alba leaves sorbent was found to 22.98 mg/g, while modified Apricot seed shell biochar was found to 25.83 mg/g. The experimental data were simulated and applied to fit adsorption isotherm and kinetics models and found a better compliance with Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo 2nd order kinetics model. The RL value and KL value indicated favorable sorption and enhanced sorption affinity. The kinetics also indicated that there is interaction between adsorbate and adsorbent active sites and the result indicated a significant potential of both adsorbents for the removal of chloride ion.

Keywords

Adsorption, chloride, isotherm, kinetics, modified biochar

Ethical Statement

The authors declare that there is no ethical issue with the publication of this article.

Supporting Institution

University of Ladakh

Thanks

We are indebted and grateful to Department of Chemistry, University of Ladakh for providing facilities in conducting some portion of experimental work.

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