Using some literature text in urban science education
Abstract
It is natural, almost inescapable, that literature describes the "city". Cities which have become the habitat and living space of the modern person are not just background aspects in literature, but sometimes the main subject. Especially considering the parallel emergence of industrialization and urbanization along with the novel genre, interesting insights are gained from exploring the impacts of urbanization and social change through novels.
From wars to revolutions, relations of service and politics, cities are the most prominent environment in which great activism takes place. Some of the most remarkable cities of the world, have witnessed the birth of civilizations, carried the traces of them, incurred their dreams of conquest, been conquered. To outlook in general, these cities are symbolized the embodied soul of a civilization, a centre of living, in spite of any kind of confliction in it, that owned a big rhythm and energy and an indispensible chaos, that modernized, by experiencing a multi-cultural and multi-religious historical pocess. Settings take there meanings and functions together with the spirits and incidents to which they are related. Cultural products take their sources from the traditions, moral values and practical life of the society. All novelists have been treating a lot of grand historical event which are emergence in big cities with their all kinds of works too. These cities are height of their national culture and aesthetic for them.
On the other hand the cities are phenomena that significanty shape a person’s way of living and perception of life itself. The reflection of the interaction between the human being and the city he is familiar with or dwells in, can be observed in litareture. With all their consciousness and sensitivity, the perspectives of the artists towards the urban, which is shaped by both the geography and literatura has affected all the world literature. Furthermore literature contains not only aesthetic merit, but also a realistic and self-critical aspects; and the permanent nature of the work means it can be shared among different peoples and through different times. In thıs context reflection of shaping of urban identities can evaluate within the concern of social, economic and cultural changing in text of literature. Because in some of these literary works, the modern city life and city culture, accompanied by the processes of industrialization and migration, is being praised, still, in most of the others it is seriously criticized.
In the article, the concept of ‘the city’ will be analysed from a crosscultural point of view; we will compare and contrast the way how the world novelist treat the concept of ‘the city’ in their works. Actually the field of urban science, as the relatively new sub branches in the field of Social Sciences, is also one of the most dynamic fields in its category. Especially the relationship between social change and urbanization has updated the urban sciences literature in an increasing rate. The most important indication of this process is seen in the variance and uniqueness of local services and projects such as urban transformation, restoration and renovation and has had a tangible and practical effect on the daily lives of city-dwellers.
On the other hand it can be said that local politics as a means of participating in politics have become preferred over central politics when considering the global urban networks especially as the power of metropolitan cities increase. This in turn causes “Public Administration” field to gravitate towards “local” elements with respect to its “Public” side and to become defined as such. Increases in the quality, diversity and efficiency of public offerings also serve to improve the technologies and models that come about from this field, feeding back and strengthening this relationship. For this reason developing to education technics is very important.
Some observations which are evaluated by considering the effect of comperative science and art areas method on students show that while the applied method develops the students’ ability to differentiate between fact and opinion, to find the irrelevant data and relevant data and to understand the lives of the people lived in the past the past and appreciate what they did, it develops the students ability to comprehend change and continuity a little.
In the light of this knowledge, it is thought that with the help of the presentation and transfer of related literature in the educational process, the students' interest and success will see a marked increase in the urban science courses.
Keywords
Kentbilim eğitiminde edebi metinleri kullanmak
Abstract
Edebiyatın “kenti” anlatması doğal, hatta kaçınılmazdır. Modern insanın yaşam alanı olan kentler, edebi anlatıların sadece arka fonu değil, kimi zaman ana anlatısıdır. Özellikle roman türünün sanayileşme ve kentleşmeyle paralel ortaya çıkışı dikkate alındığında, kentleşme ile toplumsal değişim süreçlerinin yakın bağının romanlardaki izini sürmek ilginç sonuçlar sunmaktadır. Savaşlardan devrimlere, hizmet ve siyaset ilişkilerine; günümüz toplumunda, kentler tüm büyük eylemliliklerin ortaya çıktığı mekanlardır. Üstelik edebiyat sadece estetik anlayışı değil, aynı zamanda gerçekçi ve eleştirel unsurları da içermekte; hemen tüm yazılı materyallerden de daha kalıcı olmakta ve daha çok kişiye ulaşmaktadır. Bu bağlamda kentlerin kimliğinin şekillenmesinde sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel değişimlerin edebi metinlerdeki yansımaları değerlendirilebilir. Karşılaştırmalı bilim ve sanat tekniklerinin kullanıldığı metodların öğrenciler üzerindeki etkilerin değerlendirilmesine ilişkin bazı gözlemlerde, öğrencilerin bilgiyi düzenleme, olguyu düşünceden ayırma, ilgisiz bilgi arasından ilgili bilgiyi bulma ve kendinden önceki kuşakları daha iyi anlama ve takdir etme becerilerini geliştirirken, değişim ve sürekliliği algılama becerilerini çok az düzeyde geliştirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular da göz önüne alındığında, ilgili bazı edebi metinlerin sunumu yöntemiyle islenen derslerde, öğrenci ilgi ve başarısının artacağı düşünülmektedir.
Keywords
