Bu çalışmanın amacı, genel anlamda Fârâbî’nin adalet anlayışını ele
almak, daha özel olarak ise dağıtıcı ve düzeltici adaletin onun düşüncesindeki
yansımalarını incelemektir. Fârâbî temel olarak adaleti, üç boyutuyla ele alır.
İlk olarak adalet, İlk Mevcut’un bir niteliği ve âlemdeki denge ve düzenin
ilkesidir. İkinci olarak adalet, insanın düşünce ve özgür seçimiyle ortaya çıkan ahlâkî bir erdemdir. Bu erdem
davranışlarda iki aşırılık arasında ortayı bulmaya yönelik bir seçim ilkesidir.
Üçüncüsü câhil şehirlerde, güç, iktidar ve diğer insanlara zulmetme şeklinde
beliren aslında adalet olmayan fakat adalet sanılan tabii adalettir. Tabii
adaletle Fârâbî, mal-mülk, şeref, otorite gibi toplumda dağıtıma konu olan
menfaatlerden fazlaca pay alıp, bunlara ulaşamayanların ezilmesine vurgu yapar.
The general aim of this study is to examine Fârâbî’s concept of justice; privately to examine reflections of distributive and rectificatory justice in his thought. Fârâbî basically analyzes justice within its three dimensions. Firstly justice is an attribute of First Being and it is principle of balance and equilibrium in cosmos. Secondly justice is ethical virtue which comes out with man’s intellect and will. This virtue is a choice principle which enables it to find moderation between two extremes in actions. Thirdly, natural justice which indeed it has been assumed as justice but it isn’t real justice, it comes out as a force, greed for power and cruelty to man in the ignorant cities. By natural justice, Fârâbî emphasizes to get more shares of goods, honors, and powers etc. which are distributed benefits in society and to crush people who couldn’t reach they.
Fârâbî also emphasizes concepts of distributive and rectificatory justice which are inspired Aristotle’s thought. Within the scope of distributive justice, as he regards just sharing, he categories of people. Per individual and family in society should get a share for their contribution to society. Weak and old people who don’t provide contribution to society, they shouldn’t be neglect but people who prevent to work social order should been removed from society. In rectificatory justice, he attaches importance to public justice. Here, to recompense is main goal but Fârâbî puts forward to reduce of public damage rather than individual compensation
Journal Section | Makaleler / Articles |
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Authors | |
Publication Date | September 1, 2016 |
Submission Date | March 4, 2016 |
Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 30 Issue: 40 |
ERCİYES AKADEMİ | 2021 | sbedergi@erciyes.edu.tr Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-Gayri Ticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.