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Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi Karbon ve Emisyonu İlişkisi: TR Örneği

Year 2015, Volume: 1 Issue: 38, 195 - 208, 01.06.2015

Abstract

Türkiye yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları, özellikle hidrolik enerji, rüzgar enerjisi, güneş enerjisi ve jeotermal enerji kaynakları bakımından önemli potansiyele sahip bir ülkedir. Fosil yakıtlarla kıyaslandığında yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından elde edilen enerjinin çevreye yaymış olduğu karbon emisyonu düşük seviyelerdedir. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi için 2013 ve 2014 yıllarına ait veriler temin edilemediği için çalışmada 1990-2012 dönemi dikkate alınarak, Türkiye’de kişi başına yenilebilir enerji tüketimi, enerji sektörü kaynaklı kişi başına karbon emisyonu ve kişi başına GSYİH arasındaki ilişkiler analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucu, enerji kaynaklı kişi başına karbon emisyonu ile kişi başına yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi arasında eş-bütünleşmenin ve kişi başına yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ile kişi başına karbon emisyonu arasında tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca regresyon analizi sonucunda kişi başına yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin enerji kaynaklı kişi başına karbon emisyonunu negatif yönde, buna karşın kişi başına GSYİH’daki artışların kişi başına karbon emisyonunu pozitif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • Apergis, N., Payne, J., Menyah K. and Rufael, Y., “On the Causal Dynamics Between Emissions, Nuclear Energy, Renewable Energy, and Economic Growth”, Ecological Economics 2010, 69, pp. 2255-2260, www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolecon, (10.12.2011).
  • ASME, (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), “Asme General Position Statement On Techonology and Policy Recommendations and Goals for Reducing Carbon DioxideEmissions”, http://files.asme.org/asmeorg/NewsPublicPolicy/GovRelations/PositionSt atements/17971.pdf, (15.12.2011).
  • BP(BritishPetrol)(2014).http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/globalbp_uk_e nglish/reports_and_publications/statistical_energy_review_2011/STAGI NG/local_assets/pdf/statistical_review_of_world_energy_full_report_201 1.pdf, (15.12.2014).
  • Çoban, O., “Türk ve Alman Ekonomilerinde Para Arzı, Enflasyon ve Faiz Oranı Arasındaki İlişkilerin Ekonometrik Analizi”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 2002, Cilt.16 (5–6), ss. 32–41.
  • DEKTMK (Dünya Enerji Konseyi Türk Milli Komitesi), http://www.dektmk.org.tr/upresimler/Enerji_Raporu_20106.pdf, (15.01.2012).
  • Enerdata (2014), Global Energy Intelligence, http://www.enerdata.net/, (08.12.2014).
  • ETKB (Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı), “Enerji Sektöründe Sera Gazı Azaltımı Çalışma Grubu Raporu”, Ankara 2005, www.enerji.gov.tr/yayinlar_raporlar/Enerji_Grubu_Raporu.pdf, (22.01.2012).
  • Haggar, M.H., “Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration Analysis from Canadian Industrial Sector Perspective”, Energy Economics, 2012, 34, pp. 358-364, www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolecon, (10.12.2011).
  • Geller, H. “Energy Revolution : Policies for a Sustainable Future”, Island Press, Washington DC2002. Granger, C. W. J., “Some Properties of Time Series Data and Their Use in Econometric Model Specification, Journal of Econometrics, 1981, 16, pp. 121-130.
  • Halıcıoğlu, F., “An Econometric Study of CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, Income and Foreign Trade in Turkey”, Energy Policy, 2009, 37, pp. 1156-1164.
  • Herber, B. P. and Jose T. Raga, “An International Carbon Tax to Combat Global Warming: An Economic and Political Analysis of the European Union Proposal”, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 1995, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 257-267.
  • Hossain, M. S., “Panel Estimation for CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Trade Openness and Urbanization of Newly Industrialized Countries”, Energy Policy, 2011, 39, 6991-6999, www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol, (25.12.2011).
  • IEA (International Energy Agency) (2014). Data Services, http://wds.iea.org/WDS/TableViewer/tableView.aspx (08.12.2014).
  • Kepenek, E. “The idea of Renewable Energy: Policy Lessons for Developing Countries-EuropeanUnionand Turkey”, 321-336,
  • http://www.stps.metu.edu.tr/stpswp/series06/0611.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2011).
  • Kralova, I. and Sjöblom J., “Biofuels-renewable Energy Sources: A Review”, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2010, 31(3), pp. 409–425.
  • Kungle V., “Time-Series Econometrics: Cointegration Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity”, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 2003, pp. 1-31.
  • Liaskas, K., Mavrotas, G., Mandaraka, M. and Diakoulaki, D., “Decomposition of Industrial CO2 Emissions: The case of European Union”, Energy Economics, 2000, 22, pp. 383-394, www.elsevier.com/locate/eneco, (25.12.2011).
  • Menyah, K. and Rufael, W.Y., “Energy Consumption, Pollutant Emissions and Economic Growth in South Africa”, Energy Economics, 2010, pp. 1374-1382, www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolecon, (18.12.2011).
  • Öztürk, İ. ve Acaravcı, A., “CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010, 14,pp. 3220-3225.
  • Pao, H.T and Tsai, C. M., “Modeling and Forecasting the CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth in Brazil”, Energy, 2011, 36, pp. 2450-2458, www.elsevier.com/locate/energy, (18.12.2011).
  • Sato, O., Tatematsu, K. and Hasegawa, T., “Reducing Future CO2 Emissions-The Role of Nuclear Energy”, Progress in Nuclear Energy, 1998Vol. 32, No. 314, pp. 323-330, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149197097000929 , (19.12.2011).
  • Say, N. ve Yücel, M., “Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Turkey: Empirical Analysis and Future Projection Based on an Economic Growth”, Energy Policy, 2006, 34, pp. 3870-3876, www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol, (25.12.2011).
  • Zhang, X.P. and Cheng, X.M., “Energy Consumption, Carbon Emissions, and Economic Growth in China”, Ecological Economics, 2009, 68, pp. 2706–2712

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CARBON EMISSIONS: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Year 2015, Volume: 1 Issue: 38, 195 - 208, 01.06.2015

Abstract

Turkey is a country with regard to high potential for renewable energy sources. In particular, Turkey has significant potential at hydraulic energy, wind energy, solar energy and geothermal energy resources. Compared with fossil fuels, the energy obtained from renewable energy sources at low levels of carbon emission that extends to the environment. The data of 2013 and 2014 could not be provided for renewable energy. In this study, taking account of period of 1990-2012, the relationship between per capita consumption of renewable energy in Turkey, per capita carbon emissions from energy sector and per capita GDP were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the co-integration between per capita carbon emissions from energy sector and per capita consumption renewable energy and per capita consumption renewable energy between per capita carbon emissions with one-way causal relationship was found. In addition, regression analysis revealed that per capita consumption of renewable energy negatively affect per capita carbon emissions whereas the increase in per capita GDP positively affects per capita carbon emissions.

References

  • Apergis, N., Payne, J., Menyah K. and Rufael, Y., “On the Causal Dynamics Between Emissions, Nuclear Energy, Renewable Energy, and Economic Growth”, Ecological Economics 2010, 69, pp. 2255-2260, www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolecon, (10.12.2011).
  • ASME, (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), “Asme General Position Statement On Techonology and Policy Recommendations and Goals for Reducing Carbon DioxideEmissions”, http://files.asme.org/asmeorg/NewsPublicPolicy/GovRelations/PositionSt atements/17971.pdf, (15.12.2011).
  • BP(BritishPetrol)(2014).http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/globalbp_uk_e nglish/reports_and_publications/statistical_energy_review_2011/STAGI NG/local_assets/pdf/statistical_review_of_world_energy_full_report_201 1.pdf, (15.12.2014).
  • Çoban, O., “Türk ve Alman Ekonomilerinde Para Arzı, Enflasyon ve Faiz Oranı Arasındaki İlişkilerin Ekonometrik Analizi”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 2002, Cilt.16 (5–6), ss. 32–41.
  • DEKTMK (Dünya Enerji Konseyi Türk Milli Komitesi), http://www.dektmk.org.tr/upresimler/Enerji_Raporu_20106.pdf, (15.01.2012).
  • Enerdata (2014), Global Energy Intelligence, http://www.enerdata.net/, (08.12.2014).
  • ETKB (Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı), “Enerji Sektöründe Sera Gazı Azaltımı Çalışma Grubu Raporu”, Ankara 2005, www.enerji.gov.tr/yayinlar_raporlar/Enerji_Grubu_Raporu.pdf, (22.01.2012).
  • Haggar, M.H., “Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration Analysis from Canadian Industrial Sector Perspective”, Energy Economics, 2012, 34, pp. 358-364, www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolecon, (10.12.2011).
  • Geller, H. “Energy Revolution : Policies for a Sustainable Future”, Island Press, Washington DC2002. Granger, C. W. J., “Some Properties of Time Series Data and Their Use in Econometric Model Specification, Journal of Econometrics, 1981, 16, pp. 121-130.
  • Halıcıoğlu, F., “An Econometric Study of CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, Income and Foreign Trade in Turkey”, Energy Policy, 2009, 37, pp. 1156-1164.
  • Herber, B. P. and Jose T. Raga, “An International Carbon Tax to Combat Global Warming: An Economic and Political Analysis of the European Union Proposal”, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 1995, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 257-267.
  • Hossain, M. S., “Panel Estimation for CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Trade Openness and Urbanization of Newly Industrialized Countries”, Energy Policy, 2011, 39, 6991-6999, www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol, (25.12.2011).
  • IEA (International Energy Agency) (2014). Data Services, http://wds.iea.org/WDS/TableViewer/tableView.aspx (08.12.2014).
  • Kepenek, E. “The idea of Renewable Energy: Policy Lessons for Developing Countries-EuropeanUnionand Turkey”, 321-336,
  • http://www.stps.metu.edu.tr/stpswp/series06/0611.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2011).
  • Kralova, I. and Sjöblom J., “Biofuels-renewable Energy Sources: A Review”, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2010, 31(3), pp. 409–425.
  • Kungle V., “Time-Series Econometrics: Cointegration Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity”, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 2003, pp. 1-31.
  • Liaskas, K., Mavrotas, G., Mandaraka, M. and Diakoulaki, D., “Decomposition of Industrial CO2 Emissions: The case of European Union”, Energy Economics, 2000, 22, pp. 383-394, www.elsevier.com/locate/eneco, (25.12.2011).
  • Menyah, K. and Rufael, W.Y., “Energy Consumption, Pollutant Emissions and Economic Growth in South Africa”, Energy Economics, 2010, pp. 1374-1382, www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolecon, (18.12.2011).
  • Öztürk, İ. ve Acaravcı, A., “CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010, 14,pp. 3220-3225.
  • Pao, H.T and Tsai, C. M., “Modeling and Forecasting the CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth in Brazil”, Energy, 2011, 36, pp. 2450-2458, www.elsevier.com/locate/energy, (18.12.2011).
  • Sato, O., Tatematsu, K. and Hasegawa, T., “Reducing Future CO2 Emissions-The Role of Nuclear Energy”, Progress in Nuclear Energy, 1998Vol. 32, No. 314, pp. 323-330, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149197097000929 , (19.12.2011).
  • Say, N. ve Yücel, M., “Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Turkey: Empirical Analysis and Future Projection Based on an Economic Growth”, Energy Policy, 2006, 34, pp. 3870-3876, www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol, (25.12.2011).
  • Zhang, X.P. and Cheng, X.M., “Energy Consumption, Carbon Emissions, and Economic Growth in China”, Ecological Economics, 2009, 68, pp. 2706–2712
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA78NJ54RM
Journal Section Makaleler / Articles
Authors

Orhan Çoban This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2015
Submission Date June 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 1 Issue: 38

Cite

APA Çoban, O. (2015). Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi Karbon ve Emisyonu İlişkisi: TR Örneği. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(38), 195-208.

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