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“Creative bureaucracy festival”: how important is innovation in public administration education?

Year 2019, Issue: 46, 289 - 311, 30.06.2019

Abstract

As everything around us is changing, in an increasingly interconnected environment, the field of public administration and public administration education cannot be away from the need to innovate and improve. Public administration education is affected by various reasons in Turkey and the world. These reasons are the structure of public administration and politics in the country, the higher education system in the country, and the public personnel policy. Advances in technology, the rapid spread of information along with the use of technology, and most importantly, the way we access and share information, appear as other factors affecting the public administration education.
In an era of rapid change, while essential public services are not likely to disappear any time soon, how their administrative functions are carried out and evaluated is expected to change considerably. Public administration makes use of several other disciplines such as organizational behavior and theory, finances, human resources, politics, law, and even ethics and philosophy. At this point, the paper underlines that the courses regarding innovation, entrepreneurship, leadership and information technologies, etc should be part of the public administration education, along with the courses from political science, business science, economics, public policy and analysis, history, sociology.
Innovation is not limited to making a concrete invention only in the technological sense, and not only companies make innovation. Examples such as renewing the organizational structure of an institution private or public, re-designing processes in their services provided and changing approaches in their decision-making processes could be subjects of innovation. Innovation is crucial to the continuing success of any organization. Public sector entities also innovate by introducing new approaches to provide quality public services and better respond to society’s needs. However, innovation in the public sector is hard to achieve. Because innovation also needs adaption (to context) and flexibility (of execution). Silo-based and vertical administrations are not at ease with the practice of experimentation to foster more collaborative ways of working. So, the concept of innovation in the public sector has been mentioned in the literature within the framework of NPM as a result of the analysis of successful private sector practices after the 1980s. Scholars and practitioners have become increasingly interested in innovation in the public sector. Many embrace the idea that innovation can contribute to improving the quality of public services as well as enhancing the problem‐solving capacity of governmental organizations in dealing with societal challenges. Frequently, public sector innovation is linked to reform movements such as new public management, electronic government, the change from government to governance and, most recently, to the discussions on the retreating role of government in a ‘Big Society’.
The new concept concerning the capacity for innovation of public administration reflects the synergy between the traditional instruments of administrative innovation (planning, strategy, etc) and the modern ones (information and communication technologies -ICT, e-governance, knowledge management in public administration). Today, the public sector has to innovate itself if it wants to raise its efficiency, to provide solutions for societal challenges and to meet the increasing demands from businesses and citizens in a rapidly changing and technologically evolving environment. As the definition of innovation in the public sector is often quite broad, innovation types are often specified. The type of innovation can be a product, a process, an organizational innovation, or an innovation on communication. Based on a review of the innovation literature, there are four innovation types: process innovation -including administrative process innovation, technological process innovation, product or service innovation, and conceptual innovation.
Successful public institutions will be more flexible, adapting to the one constant of the new technologically advanced age: innovate and change itself. Government’s digital era, the public sector, public institutions will re-imagine their services and continually innovate the way they engage with citizens, primary beneficiaries of public services.
As a result, public sector leaders and employees are the main drivers of innovation in the public sector. This situation is also directly related to education as today’s ideal public administration professional is tech-savvy, communicative, globally minded, and efficiency driven. So, it is vital to include courses such as innovation, leadership, entrepreneurship, information technologies, etc in the academic programs so that public employees and public sector leaders are open to the idea of innovation and, more importantly, they have the competence to benefit from the potential of technological innovations.
Concluding, public sector innovation is an essential issue on the agenda of policymakers and academics when discussing the role of government in dealing with “wicked problems” in an age of austerity. It is often considered to be a “magic concept”. In this study, the place of innovation in the public sector and its importance in public administration education will be examined.

References

  • https://www.innovationpolicyplatform.org/content/public-sector-innovation adresinden alındı
  • Akyos, M. (2007, March). Kamuda İnovasyon. http://www.inovasyon.org/pdf/MA.Kamuda.Inovasyon.pdf.
  • Alberti , A., & Bertucci, G. (2006). Replicating Innovations in Governance: An Overview in Innovations in Governance and Public Administration: Replicating what works. New York: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs .
  • Alberti, A. (2003). The Critical Role of Innovation in Public Administration in Promoting Economic and Social Development. Meeting on Innovation of Public Administration in the Euro-Mediterranean Region.
  • Aykaç, B. (1995). Türkiye'de Kamu Yönetimi Öğretiminin Gelişimi. Kmau Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 271-279). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Ayman Güler, B. (1994). Nesnesini Arayan Disiplin: Kamu Yönetimi. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 3-19.
  • Ayman Güler, B. (2010). Türkiye'nin Yönetimi - Yapı. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Bekkers, V., & Homburg, V. (2005). The Information Ecology of E‐Government: E‐Government as Institutional and Technological Innovation in Public Administration. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
  • Braun, S., Lee, L., Phe, A., Samuelson, R., & Holden, A. (2017). Catalyzing public sector innovation. Deloitte Insights.
  • Cunningham, P., & Karakasidou, A. (2009). Innovation in the Public Sector. PRO INNO EUROPE.
  • Damanpour, F., & Schneider, M. (2009). Characteristics of Innovation and Innovation Adoption in Public Organizations: Assessing the Role of Managers. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 495-522.
  • De Vries, H., Bekkers, V., & Tummers, L. (2016). Innovation in Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda. Public Administration, 146-166.DEMİR, F. (2016). Avrupa'da Kamu Sektöründe İnovasyon ve Yenilikçi Yöntemler. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 143-170.
  • Eczacıbaşı, F. (2009). Kamu, İnovasyonsuz Yıkılmaz, Gerileyerek Ayakta Kalır. Bilgi Çağı Dergisi, s. 4-5.
  • Eryılmaz, B. (2013). Kamu Yönetimi. Kocaeli.
  • Goi Gohwong, S. (2015). The Investigation of Artificial Intelligence Application in the Public Administration's Literature. RSU International Journal of College of Government (RSUIJCG).
  • Gül, H., Okçu, M., Akman, Ç., Akman, E., Negiz, N., & Kiriş, H. (2017). NASIL BİR KAMU YÖNETİMİ EĞİTİMİ? KAMU YÖNETİMİ EĞİTİMİ ÇALIŞTAYI ÇIKTILARININ BİR DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi.
  • Güravşar Gökçe, S. (2015). Kamuda İnovasyon ve Türkiye'deki Uygulamaları. Uluslarası Yönetim ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 28-37.
  • Henry, N. (1987). The Emergence of Public Administration as a Field of Study. R. Chandler içinde, A Centennial History of American Administrative State (s. 37-85). New York: Free Press.
  • Holden, A., Braun, S., Lee, L., Phelps, A., & Samuelson, R. (2017). Catalyzing public sector innovation. Deloitte Insights.
  • INNO GRIPS. (2009). Innovation Policy Workshop 5. Brussels: Global Review of Innovation Intelligence and Policy Studies.
  • Kaya, Y. (1995). Türkiye’de Kamu Yönetimi Öğretimi. Kamu Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 261-262). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Kaya, Y. (1995). Türkiye'de Kamu Yönetimi Öğretimi. Kamu Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 249-269). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Kettl, D. (2000). Public Administration at the millennium: The state of the field. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory , 7-34.
  • KPMG. (2014). Future State 2030: The Global Megatrends Shaping Governments.
  • Lowndes , V., & Pratchett, L. (2012). Local Governance under the Coalition Government: Austerity, Localism and the “Big Society". Local Government Studies, 21-40.
  • Matei, A., & Savulescu, C. (2014). Enhancing the capacity for innovation of public administration. An exploratory study on e-Governance, ICT, knowledge management in Romania. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 7-26.
  • Moussa, M., McMurray, A., & Muenjohn, N. (2018). Innovation in public sector organisations. Cogent Business & Management, 1-12.
  • Mulgan , G., & Albury, D. (2003). https://www.alnap.org/system/files/content/resource/files/main/innovation-in-the-public-sector.pdf. adresinden alındı
  • Okçu, M., Parlak, B., & Akman, E. (2015). Kamu Yönetimi Eğitimi: Geçmişten Geleceğe Küresel ve Ulusal Perspektifler. Ekin.
  • Osborne , S., & Brown, K. (2005). Managing Change and Innovation in Public Service Organizations. Managing Change and Innovation in Public Service Organizations.
  • Osborne, S., & Brown, L. (2013). Handbook of Innovation in Public Services. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Ömürgönülşen, U. (2007). Türkiye’de Lisans Düzeyi Kamu Yönetimi Öğretiminde Yakın Dönemde Yaşanan Gelişmeler: Mevcut Durum, Sorun Alanları ve Gelişme Eğilimleri. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 124-161.
  • Pollitt , C., & Bouckaert, G. (2011). Public Management Reform: A Comparative Analysis—New Public Management, Governance, and the Neo‐Weberian State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Pollitt, C., & Hupe, P. (2011). Talking about Government: The Role of Magic Concepts. Public Management Review, 641-658.
  • Rhodes, R. (1996). The New Governance: Governing without Government. Political Studies, 452-467.
  • Roman, L. (2012). Public Sector Innovation: Case Study on Tools for modernising the Romanian Public Administration. Technopolis Group.
  • Staroňová, K., & Gajduschek, G. (2006). Public Administration Education in CEE Countries: Institutionalization of a Discipline. Policy and Society.
  • Tek Turan, H. (2018). Kamu Yönetiminde Uzgörü: Öngörülebilenin Ötesinde Kamu Hizmeti Sunma. IV. Stratejik Kamu Yönetimi Sempozyumu. İstanbul.
  • The Future of Jobs Report (2018). Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • Üstüner, Y. (1995). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininde Kimlik Sorunsalı. Kmau Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 59-69). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Walker, R. (2014). Internal and External Antecedents of Process Innovation: A Review and Extension. Public Management Review, 21-44.
  • Zulean, M., Andreescu, L., Gheorghiu, R., Roescu, A. M., & Curaj, A. (2017). Romanian public administration 2.0: using innovative foresight methodologies to engage stakeholders and the public. Foresight, 19(3), 261-279.

“Yaratıcı bürokrasi festivali”: Kamu yönetimi eğitiminde inovasyonun önemi

Year 2019, Issue: 46, 289 - 311, 30.06.2019

Abstract

Çevremizdeki her şey olağanüstü bir hızla değişmekte, kamu yönetimi alanı ve kamu yönetimi eğitimi bu yenilik ve değişim ihtiyacından uzak kalamamaktadır. Kamu yönetimi eğitimi ve alanda karşılaşılan sorunlar, Türkiye’de ve Dünyada çeşitli sebeplerle etkilenmektedir. Bu sebepler arasında, kamu yönetiminin ve siyasetin o ülkedeki yapısı, kamu yönetimi disiplininin durumu, ülkedeki yükseköğrenim sistemi, kamu personel politikası bulunmaktadır. Bu dinamiklere ek olarak, teknolojideki ilerlemeler, teknolojinin kullanımı ile birlikte bilginin hızla yayılması, dolayısıyla bilgiye ulaşma ve bilgiyi paylaşma biçiminin değişmesi de kamu yönetimi eğitimini etkileyen diğer unsurlar olarak belirmektedir.  
İçinde bulunduğumuz bu dijital çağda, önemli kamu hizmetlerinin yakın zamanda ortadan kaybolması pek mümkün olmasa da kamunun yönetimsel işlevini nasıl gerçekleştireceği ve yönlendireceği ciddi oranda değişecektir. Bildiri, kamu yönetimi eğitiminde, disiplinin geleneksel olarak beslendiği siyaset bilimi, işletme, ekonomi, kamu politikası ve analizi, tarih, sosyoloji gibi diğer disiplinlerden derslerin yanı sıra başta inovasyon olmak üzere, bilgi teknolojilerindeki değişim dönüşüm ile ilgili derslerin de kamu yönetimi eğitiminin bir parçası olması gerektiğinin altını çizmektedir.  
İnovasyon, sadece teknolojik anlamda somut bir icat yapmakla sınırlı değildir; yenilik yapan da sadece şirketler değildir. Bir kurumun organizasyon yapısını daha verimli biçimde yenilemesi, hizmetlerdeki süreçlerin yeniden dizaynı, karar alma süreçlerindeki yaklaşımların değiştirilmesi gibi örnekler, inovasyonun konusu içine girebilmektedir. Kamu sektörü kuruluşları da kaliteli kamu hizmetleri sağlamak ve toplumun ihtiyaçlarına daha iyi cevap verebilmek için yenilikler yapmaktadır. Kamuda inovasyon kavramı 1980’lerden sonra başarılı özel sektör uygulamalarının analizi sonucunda “Yeni Kamu Yönetimi” anlayışı çerçevesinde literatüre yerleşmiştir. Çalışmada, inovasyon kavramının kamu sektöründeki yeri ile kamu yönetimi eğitimindeki önemi irdelenecektir.

References

  • https://www.innovationpolicyplatform.org/content/public-sector-innovation adresinden alındı
  • Akyos, M. (2007, March). Kamuda İnovasyon. http://www.inovasyon.org/pdf/MA.Kamuda.Inovasyon.pdf.
  • Alberti , A., & Bertucci, G. (2006). Replicating Innovations in Governance: An Overview in Innovations in Governance and Public Administration: Replicating what works. New York: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs .
  • Alberti, A. (2003). The Critical Role of Innovation in Public Administration in Promoting Economic and Social Development. Meeting on Innovation of Public Administration in the Euro-Mediterranean Region.
  • Aykaç, B. (1995). Türkiye'de Kamu Yönetimi Öğretiminin Gelişimi. Kmau Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 271-279). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Ayman Güler, B. (1994). Nesnesini Arayan Disiplin: Kamu Yönetimi. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 3-19.
  • Ayman Güler, B. (2010). Türkiye'nin Yönetimi - Yapı. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Bekkers, V., & Homburg, V. (2005). The Information Ecology of E‐Government: E‐Government as Institutional and Technological Innovation in Public Administration. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
  • Braun, S., Lee, L., Phe, A., Samuelson, R., & Holden, A. (2017). Catalyzing public sector innovation. Deloitte Insights.
  • Cunningham, P., & Karakasidou, A. (2009). Innovation in the Public Sector. PRO INNO EUROPE.
  • Damanpour, F., & Schneider, M. (2009). Characteristics of Innovation and Innovation Adoption in Public Organizations: Assessing the Role of Managers. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 495-522.
  • De Vries, H., Bekkers, V., & Tummers, L. (2016). Innovation in Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda. Public Administration, 146-166.DEMİR, F. (2016). Avrupa'da Kamu Sektöründe İnovasyon ve Yenilikçi Yöntemler. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 143-170.
  • Eczacıbaşı, F. (2009). Kamu, İnovasyonsuz Yıkılmaz, Gerileyerek Ayakta Kalır. Bilgi Çağı Dergisi, s. 4-5.
  • Eryılmaz, B. (2013). Kamu Yönetimi. Kocaeli.
  • Goi Gohwong, S. (2015). The Investigation of Artificial Intelligence Application in the Public Administration's Literature. RSU International Journal of College of Government (RSUIJCG).
  • Gül, H., Okçu, M., Akman, Ç., Akman, E., Negiz, N., & Kiriş, H. (2017). NASIL BİR KAMU YÖNETİMİ EĞİTİMİ? KAMU YÖNETİMİ EĞİTİMİ ÇALIŞTAYI ÇIKTILARININ BİR DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi.
  • Güravşar Gökçe, S. (2015). Kamuda İnovasyon ve Türkiye'deki Uygulamaları. Uluslarası Yönetim ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 28-37.
  • Henry, N. (1987). The Emergence of Public Administration as a Field of Study. R. Chandler içinde, A Centennial History of American Administrative State (s. 37-85). New York: Free Press.
  • Holden, A., Braun, S., Lee, L., Phelps, A., & Samuelson, R. (2017). Catalyzing public sector innovation. Deloitte Insights.
  • INNO GRIPS. (2009). Innovation Policy Workshop 5. Brussels: Global Review of Innovation Intelligence and Policy Studies.
  • Kaya, Y. (1995). Türkiye’de Kamu Yönetimi Öğretimi. Kamu Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 261-262). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Kaya, Y. (1995). Türkiye'de Kamu Yönetimi Öğretimi. Kamu Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 249-269). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Kettl, D. (2000). Public Administration at the millennium: The state of the field. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory , 7-34.
  • KPMG. (2014). Future State 2030: The Global Megatrends Shaping Governments.
  • Lowndes , V., & Pratchett, L. (2012). Local Governance under the Coalition Government: Austerity, Localism and the “Big Society". Local Government Studies, 21-40.
  • Matei, A., & Savulescu, C. (2014). Enhancing the capacity for innovation of public administration. An exploratory study on e-Governance, ICT, knowledge management in Romania. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 7-26.
  • Moussa, M., McMurray, A., & Muenjohn, N. (2018). Innovation in public sector organisations. Cogent Business & Management, 1-12.
  • Mulgan , G., & Albury, D. (2003). https://www.alnap.org/system/files/content/resource/files/main/innovation-in-the-public-sector.pdf. adresinden alındı
  • Okçu, M., Parlak, B., & Akman, E. (2015). Kamu Yönetimi Eğitimi: Geçmişten Geleceğe Küresel ve Ulusal Perspektifler. Ekin.
  • Osborne , S., & Brown, K. (2005). Managing Change and Innovation in Public Service Organizations. Managing Change and Innovation in Public Service Organizations.
  • Osborne, S., & Brown, L. (2013). Handbook of Innovation in Public Services. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Ömürgönülşen, U. (2007). Türkiye’de Lisans Düzeyi Kamu Yönetimi Öğretiminde Yakın Dönemde Yaşanan Gelişmeler: Mevcut Durum, Sorun Alanları ve Gelişme Eğilimleri. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 124-161.
  • Pollitt , C., & Bouckaert, G. (2011). Public Management Reform: A Comparative Analysis—New Public Management, Governance, and the Neo‐Weberian State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Pollitt, C., & Hupe, P. (2011). Talking about Government: The Role of Magic Concepts. Public Management Review, 641-658.
  • Rhodes, R. (1996). The New Governance: Governing without Government. Political Studies, 452-467.
  • Roman, L. (2012). Public Sector Innovation: Case Study on Tools for modernising the Romanian Public Administration. Technopolis Group.
  • Staroňová, K., & Gajduschek, G. (2006). Public Administration Education in CEE Countries: Institutionalization of a Discipline. Policy and Society.
  • Tek Turan, H. (2018). Kamu Yönetiminde Uzgörü: Öngörülebilenin Ötesinde Kamu Hizmeti Sunma. IV. Stratejik Kamu Yönetimi Sempozyumu. İstanbul.
  • The Future of Jobs Report (2018). Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • Üstüner, Y. (1995). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininde Kimlik Sorunsalı. Kmau Yönetimi Disiplini Sempozyumu (s. 59-69). Ankara: TODAİE.
  • Walker, R. (2014). Internal and External Antecedents of Process Innovation: A Review and Extension. Public Management Review, 21-44.
  • Zulean, M., Andreescu, L., Gheorghiu, R., Roescu, A. M., & Curaj, A. (2017). Romanian public administration 2.0: using innovative foresight methodologies to engage stakeholders and the public. Foresight, 19(3), 261-279.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler / Articles
Authors

Hande Tek Turan 0000-0002-9465-2063

Publication Date June 30, 2019
Submission Date March 1, 2019
Acceptance Date May 23, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 46

Cite

APA Tek Turan, H. (2019). “Yaratıcı bürokrasi festivali”: Kamu yönetimi eğitiminde inovasyonun önemi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 33(46), 289-311.

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