Bilişsel Olmayan Beceriler- Eğitim Psikolojisi Araştırmalarında Yeni Bir Bakış Açısı

Öz

Çocukluk çağından başlayarak ergenlik döneminde geliştirilen bilişsel olmayan becerilerin akademik ve sosyal hayattaki başarı üzerinde önemli ve kalıcı bir etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Bu becerilerin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı, kişisel gelişimi ve gelecek yönelimleri üzerinde olumlu bir şekilde doğrudan etkisinin olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bilişsel olmayan beceriler kavramı yurt dışı alanyazında eğitim alanında farklı konuları içeren araştırmalara sıkça konu olmuştur. Ancak ülkemizde bilişsel olmayan becerileri oluşturan kavramlar bireysel olarak araştırmalara konu olsa da “bilişsel olmayan beceriler” kavramı birkaç çalışmanın konusu dışında alanyazında kullanılmamıştır. Bu kavramın tek çatı altında toplandığı araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışma ile alanyazına farklı bir bakış açısıyla katkı sağlanması ve eksikliğin giderilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Konu ile ilgili alanyazın taraması için Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus gibi veri tabanları kullanılmıştır. Yapılan derleme incelemesinde bilişsel olmayan beceriler ve bu becerilerin akademik performans ile ilişkisi çok yönlü ve bütünsel bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmıştır. Akademik davranış, azim, düşünce yapısı, öğrenme stratejileri ve sosyal beceriler gibi bilişsel olmayan becerilerin akademik performansa etkileri ele alınarak önemli bilgi ve açıklamalara yer verilmiştir. Yapılan bu derleme çalışmasının, araştırmacıların bu konu hakkındaki farkındalığını artırarak gelecekte yapılacak özgün araştırmalara, derlemelere ve meta-analiz çalışmalarına ışık tutması açısından önemli olduğu düşülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• akademik performans
• biliş
• bilişsel olmayan
• eğitim
• öğrenciler

Non-Cognitive Skills- New Perspectives on Educational Psychology Research

Abstract

It is seen that non-cognitive skills starting from childhood and developed during adolescence, have a significant and lasting effect on academic and social success. These skills have a positive direct effect on students' academic success, personal development, and future orientation. The concept of non-cognitive skills has been frequently used in foreign literature in different topics in educational research. Although the concepts that make up non-cognitive skills in our country are the subject of individual research, the concept of 'non-cognitive skills' has not been used in the literature except for a few studies. There is a need for research that gathers this concept under a single roof. This study aim is to contribute to the literature from a different perspective and to eliminate the deficiency. Databases such as Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus were used to search the literature on the subject. In the review, non-cognitive skills, and the relationship of these skills with academic performance were discussed with a holistic perspective. The effects of non-cognitive skills such as academic behavior, perseverance, mentality, learning strategies and social skills on academic performance are discussed. This study is important increasing the awareness of researchers on this subject and shedding light on future original research, compilations, and meta-analysis studies.

Keywords

• academic performance
• cognition
• non-cognitive
• education
• students

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