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Examining Psychological Symptoms and Self-efficacy of Parents with Disabled Children

Year 2013, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 33 - 49, 21.05.2013

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and psychological symptoms of the parents with disabled children. This is a descrip- tive study. The sample of the study consists of the parents of 165 students with disa- bilities. 63,3% (n=105) of the participants were mothers and 36,4% (n=60) were fathers. Data was collected with the help of Parent Self-efficacy Scale and Brief Symptom Inventory. In the analysis of the data, t-test, Anova, and Pearson Moments Correlation Analysis were used. This study showed that there is a negatively mean- ingful relationship between parent self-efficacy and psychological symptoms. There were meaningful differences in psychological symptoms and self-efficacy of the parents according to some demographic variables. As a result, we can say that in- crease in parent self-efficacy will lead decrease in psychological symptoms.

References

  • Akmeşe, P. P., Mutlu, A. ve Günel, M. K. (2007). Serebral Paralizili Çocukların Annelerinin Kaygı Düzeyinin Araştırılması. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 50: 236-240.
  • Bandura, A. (1994). Self-Efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71–81). New York: Academic Press.
  • Barlow, J., Powell, L., & Gilchrist, M. (2006). The Influence of The Training And Support Programme on The Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-Being of Parents of Children With Disabilities: A Controlled Trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 12, 55–63.
  • Bayat, M., Salehi, M., Bozorgnezhad, A., ve Asghari, A. (2011). The Comparison of Psychological Problems between Parents of Intellectual Disabilities Children
  • and Parents of Normal Children. World Applied Sciences Journal, 12 (4),
  • -475.
  • Beral, Y. (2010). Otistik Bozukluğu Olan Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Öz Yeterlik Algılarının Belirlenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Ün- iversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Coleman, P., & Karraker, K. (1997). Self-Efficacy and Parenting Quality: Findings and Future Applications, Developmental Review, 18, 47–85.
  • Coleman, P., & Karraker, K., (2000). Parenting Self-efficacy among Mothers of School-Age Children: Conceptualisation, Measurement and Correlates. Family Relations, 49, 13–24.
  • Coşkun, Y. ve Akkaş, G. (2009). Engelli Çocuğu Olan Annelerin Sürekli Kaygı Düzeyleri İle Sosyal Destek Algıları Arasındaki İlişki. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi
  • Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 10, Sayı 1, 213-227.
  • Dereli, F. ve Okur, S. (2008). Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Olan Ailelerin Depresyon Du- rumunun Belirlenmesi. Yeni Tıp Dergisi, 25, 164-168.
  • Derogatis L. R. (1992). The Brief Symptom Inventory-BSI administration, scoring and procedures manual-II. USA, Clinical Pscyhometric Research Inc.
  • De Montigny, F., & Lacharite, C. (2005). Nursing Theory and Concept Develop-
  • ment or Analysis Perceived Parental Efficacy: Concept Analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 49(4), 387-396.
  • Diken, I. H. (2007). Turkish mothers’ self-efficacy beliefs and styles of interactions with their children with language delays. Early Child Development and Care, 1-13.
  • Dökmen, Z. (2009). Yakınlarına Bakım Verenlerin Ruh Sağlıkları ile Sosyal Destek
  • Algıları Arasındaki İlişkiler. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2012, 3(1), 3-38.
  • Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Llewellyn, G., Blacker, J., & Graham, H. (2006) Socio- economic position, household composition, health status and indicators of the
  • well-being of mothers of children with and without intellectual disabilities.
  • Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50: 862–873.
  • Guimond, A., Moore, H., Aier, D., Maxon, E., & Diken, I. (2005). Parental self- efficacy instrument for children with disabilities (PSICD): Short version. Un- published scale, Arizona State University, Arizona.
  • Guimond, A. B., Wilcox, M.J., & Lamorey, S.G. (2008). The Early Intervention Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (EIPSES) Scale Construction and Initial Psy- chometric Evidence. Journal of Early Intervention, Vol. 30, Number 4, 295- 320.
  • Halpern, L. F.,& Mclean, W. E. (1997). “Hey Mom, look at Me!”. Infant Behavior and Development, 20 (4), 515-529.
  • Hastings, R. P., & Brown, T. (2002). Behavior Problems of Children With Autism, Parental Self-Efficacy, and Mental Health. American Journal on Mental Re- tardation, Vol. 107, 3: 222-232.
  • Hastings, R. P., Kovshoff, H., Ward, N. J., Espinosa, F. D., Brown, T., & Reming-
  • ton, B. (2005). Systems Analysis of Stress and Positive Perceptions in Moth- ers and Fathers of Pre-School Children with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Vol. 35, No. 5,635-644.
  • Hessa, C. R., Tetib, D. M., & Hussey-Gardnerc, B. (2004). Self-Efficacy and Parent- ing of High-Risk İnfants: The Moderating Role of Parent Knowledge of İn- fant Development. Applied Developmental Psychology, 25, 423–437.
  • Hung, J. W., Wu, Y. H., Chiang, Y. C., Wu, W. C., & Yeh, C. H. (2010). Mental Health of Parents Having Children with Physical Disabilities. Chang Gung Med J, 33, 82-91.
  • Kaner, S. (2004). Engelli Çocukları Olan Ana babaların Algıladıkları Stres, Sosyal Destek ve Yaşam Doyumlarının İncelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Ankara- 2004. Proje Numarası: 2001-0901-007.
  • Khamis, V. (2007). Psychological Distress Among Parents of Children With Mental Retardation in The United Arab Emirates. Social Science & Medicine, 64, 850–857.
  • Leung, C. Y. S., & Li-Tsang, C. W. P. (2003). Qualıty of Life of Parents Who Have Chıldren With Disabilities. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 13,
  • -24.
  • Maclnnes, L. K. (2009). Parenting Self-Efficacy and Stress in Mothers and Father of Children with Down Syndrome. Master of Art. Simon Fraser University. Canada.
  • Olsson, M. B., & Hwang, C. P. (2008). Socioeconomic and Psychological Variables as Risk and Protective Factors for Parental Well-Being in Families of Chil- dren With Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 52, 12, 1102–1113.
  • O’Neil, J., Wilson, M. N., Shaw, D. S., & Dishion, T. J. (2009). The Relationship between Parental Efficacy and Depressive Symptoms in a Diverse Sample of Low Income Mothers. J Child Fam Stud, 18(6): 643–652.
  • Rezendes D. L., & Scarpa, A. (2011). Associations between Parental Anxie-
  • ty/Depression and Child Behavior Problems Related to Autism Spectrum
  • Disorders: The Roles of Parenting Stress and Parenting Self-Efficacy. Autism Research and Treatment, doi:10.1155/2011/395190.
  • Salonen, A. H., Kaunonen, M., Astedt-Kurki, P., Jarvenpaa, A. L, Isoaho, H., & Tarkka, M. T. (2009). Parenting Self-Efficacy After Childbirth. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(11), 2324–2336.
  • Savaşır, I. ve Şahin, N. H. (1997). Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapilerde Değerlendirme: Sık Kullanılan Ölçekler. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
  • Şahin, N.H., ve Durak, A. (1994). Kısa Semptom Envanteri: Türk Gençleri için Uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(31): 44-56.
  • Troutman, B., Moran, T. E., Arndt, S., Johnson, R. F., & Chmıelewskı, M. (2012).
  • Development of Parenting Self-Efficacy in Mothers of Infants With High Negative Emotionality. Infant Mental Health Journal, Vol. 33(1), 45–54.
  • Uğuz, Ş., Toros, F., İnanç, B. Y. ve Çolakkadıoğlu, O. (2004). Zihinsel ve/veya Bedensel Engelli Çocukların Annelerinin Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Stres Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Klinik Psikiyatri, 7, 42-47.
  • Uyaroğlu, A. K.. ve Bodur, S. (2009). Zihinsel Yetersizliği Olan Çocukların Anne- Babalarında Kaygı Düzeyi ve Bilgilendirmenin Kaygı Düzeyine Etkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 8(5), 405-412.
  • Yim, S. Y., Moon, H. W., Rah, U. W., & Lee, Y. (1996). Psychological Characteris- tics of Mothers of Children with Disabilities, Yonsei medical journal, 37(6),
  • -384.

Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Öz-Yeterliklerinin Ve Psikolojik Belirtilerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2013, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 33 - 49, 21.05.2013

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, engelli çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin öz-yeterlikleri ile psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Bu araştırma betimsel yönteme dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 2010-2011 eğitim öğretim yılında özel eğitim desteğine gereksinim duyan çeşitli engellere sahip 165 öğrenci velisinden oluşmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin %63,6'sı (n= 105) anne, %36,4'ü (n= 60) babadır. Araştırma verileri Ebeveyn Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklemler için t-testi, Anova ve Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelâsyon Analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, ebeveyn öz-yeterliği ile psikolojik belirtiler arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ebeveynlerin öz-yeterlikleri artıkça psikolojik belirtilerin azaldığı söylenebilir.

 

References

  • Akmeşe, P. P., Mutlu, A. ve Günel, M. K. (2007). Serebral Paralizili Çocukların Annelerinin Kaygı Düzeyinin Araştırılması. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 50: 236-240.
  • Bandura, A. (1994). Self-Efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71–81). New York: Academic Press.
  • Barlow, J., Powell, L., & Gilchrist, M. (2006). The Influence of The Training And Support Programme on The Self-Efficacy and Psychological Well-Being of Parents of Children With Disabilities: A Controlled Trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 12, 55–63.
  • Bayat, M., Salehi, M., Bozorgnezhad, A., ve Asghari, A. (2011). The Comparison of Psychological Problems between Parents of Intellectual Disabilities Children
  • and Parents of Normal Children. World Applied Sciences Journal, 12 (4),
  • -475.
  • Beral, Y. (2010). Otistik Bozukluğu Olan Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Öz Yeterlik Algılarının Belirlenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Ün- iversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Coleman, P., & Karraker, K. (1997). Self-Efficacy and Parenting Quality: Findings and Future Applications, Developmental Review, 18, 47–85.
  • Coleman, P., & Karraker, K., (2000). Parenting Self-efficacy among Mothers of School-Age Children: Conceptualisation, Measurement and Correlates. Family Relations, 49, 13–24.
  • Coşkun, Y. ve Akkaş, G. (2009). Engelli Çocuğu Olan Annelerin Sürekli Kaygı Düzeyleri İle Sosyal Destek Algıları Arasındaki İlişki. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi
  • Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 10, Sayı 1, 213-227.
  • Dereli, F. ve Okur, S. (2008). Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Olan Ailelerin Depresyon Du- rumunun Belirlenmesi. Yeni Tıp Dergisi, 25, 164-168.
  • Derogatis L. R. (1992). The Brief Symptom Inventory-BSI administration, scoring and procedures manual-II. USA, Clinical Pscyhometric Research Inc.
  • De Montigny, F., & Lacharite, C. (2005). Nursing Theory and Concept Develop-
  • ment or Analysis Perceived Parental Efficacy: Concept Analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 49(4), 387-396.
  • Diken, I. H. (2007). Turkish mothers’ self-efficacy beliefs and styles of interactions with their children with language delays. Early Child Development and Care, 1-13.
  • Dökmen, Z. (2009). Yakınlarına Bakım Verenlerin Ruh Sağlıkları ile Sosyal Destek
  • Algıları Arasındaki İlişkiler. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2012, 3(1), 3-38.
  • Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Llewellyn, G., Blacker, J., & Graham, H. (2006) Socio- economic position, household composition, health status and indicators of the
  • well-being of mothers of children with and without intellectual disabilities.
  • Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50: 862–873.
  • Guimond, A., Moore, H., Aier, D., Maxon, E., & Diken, I. (2005). Parental self- efficacy instrument for children with disabilities (PSICD): Short version. Un- published scale, Arizona State University, Arizona.
  • Guimond, A. B., Wilcox, M.J., & Lamorey, S.G. (2008). The Early Intervention Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (EIPSES) Scale Construction and Initial Psy- chometric Evidence. Journal of Early Intervention, Vol. 30, Number 4, 295- 320.
  • Halpern, L. F.,& Mclean, W. E. (1997). “Hey Mom, look at Me!”. Infant Behavior and Development, 20 (4), 515-529.
  • Hastings, R. P., & Brown, T. (2002). Behavior Problems of Children With Autism, Parental Self-Efficacy, and Mental Health. American Journal on Mental Re- tardation, Vol. 107, 3: 222-232.
  • Hastings, R. P., Kovshoff, H., Ward, N. J., Espinosa, F. D., Brown, T., & Reming-
  • ton, B. (2005). Systems Analysis of Stress and Positive Perceptions in Moth- ers and Fathers of Pre-School Children with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Vol. 35, No. 5,635-644.
  • Hessa, C. R., Tetib, D. M., & Hussey-Gardnerc, B. (2004). Self-Efficacy and Parent- ing of High-Risk İnfants: The Moderating Role of Parent Knowledge of İn- fant Development. Applied Developmental Psychology, 25, 423–437.
  • Hung, J. W., Wu, Y. H., Chiang, Y. C., Wu, W. C., & Yeh, C. H. (2010). Mental Health of Parents Having Children with Physical Disabilities. Chang Gung Med J, 33, 82-91.
  • Kaner, S. (2004). Engelli Çocukları Olan Ana babaların Algıladıkları Stres, Sosyal Destek ve Yaşam Doyumlarının İncelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Ankara- 2004. Proje Numarası: 2001-0901-007.
  • Khamis, V. (2007). Psychological Distress Among Parents of Children With Mental Retardation in The United Arab Emirates. Social Science & Medicine, 64, 850–857.
  • Leung, C. Y. S., & Li-Tsang, C. W. P. (2003). Qualıty of Life of Parents Who Have Chıldren With Disabilities. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 13,
  • -24.
  • Maclnnes, L. K. (2009). Parenting Self-Efficacy and Stress in Mothers and Father of Children with Down Syndrome. Master of Art. Simon Fraser University. Canada.
  • Olsson, M. B., & Hwang, C. P. (2008). Socioeconomic and Psychological Variables as Risk and Protective Factors for Parental Well-Being in Families of Chil- dren With Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 52, 12, 1102–1113.
  • O’Neil, J., Wilson, M. N., Shaw, D. S., & Dishion, T. J. (2009). The Relationship between Parental Efficacy and Depressive Symptoms in a Diverse Sample of Low Income Mothers. J Child Fam Stud, 18(6): 643–652.
  • Rezendes D. L., & Scarpa, A. (2011). Associations between Parental Anxie-
  • ty/Depression and Child Behavior Problems Related to Autism Spectrum
  • Disorders: The Roles of Parenting Stress and Parenting Self-Efficacy. Autism Research and Treatment, doi:10.1155/2011/395190.
  • Salonen, A. H., Kaunonen, M., Astedt-Kurki, P., Jarvenpaa, A. L, Isoaho, H., & Tarkka, M. T. (2009). Parenting Self-Efficacy After Childbirth. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(11), 2324–2336.
  • Savaşır, I. ve Şahin, N. H. (1997). Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapilerde Değerlendirme: Sık Kullanılan Ölçekler. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
  • Şahin, N.H., ve Durak, A. (1994). Kısa Semptom Envanteri: Türk Gençleri için Uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(31): 44-56.
  • Troutman, B., Moran, T. E., Arndt, S., Johnson, R. F., & Chmıelewskı, M. (2012).
  • Development of Parenting Self-Efficacy in Mothers of Infants With High Negative Emotionality. Infant Mental Health Journal, Vol. 33(1), 45–54.
  • Uğuz, Ş., Toros, F., İnanç, B. Y. ve Çolakkadıoğlu, O. (2004). Zihinsel ve/veya Bedensel Engelli Çocukların Annelerinin Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Stres Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Klinik Psikiyatri, 7, 42-47.
  • Uyaroğlu, A. K.. ve Bodur, S. (2009). Zihinsel Yetersizliği Olan Çocukların Anne- Babalarında Kaygı Düzeyi ve Bilgilendirmenin Kaygı Düzeyine Etkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 8(5), 405-412.
  • Yim, S. Y., Moon, H. W., Rah, U. W., & Lee, Y. (1996). Psychological Characteris- tics of Mothers of Children with Disabilities, Yonsei medical journal, 37(6),
  • -384.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Bülent Telef

Publication Date May 21, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Telef, B. (2013). Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Öz-Yeterliklerinin Ve Psikolojik Belirtilerinin İncelenmesi. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 33-49.