-

Abstract

In this study, in September 2007, six vegetable species (Petroselinum crispum (Miller) A.W. Hill, Solanum melongena L., Capsicum annuum L. Phaseolus vulgaris L., Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC., Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla (L.) Moq. of washed-unwashed samples and soil samples were collected in the Şile district the village of Yeşilvadi. The Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations of our collected samples were measured by using ICP -OES. Washed and unwashed vegetables on the basis of the obtained results were evaluated between the amounts of heavy metals. In the vegetables consumed as leaves the lowest and the highest levels were; Cd (0.32 -0.43 µg/g dw), Cr (3.88-8.71 µg/g dw), Cu (1.61-3.39 µg/g dw), Ni (2.97-6.37 µg/g dw), Pb (35.15-79.90 µg/g dw) ve Zn (3.21-4.09 µg/g dw) have been determined. Results in line with washed and unwashed vegetables did not differ significantly between samples.

Keywords

• Heavy metals, ICP-OES, Şile, Vegetables

ŞİLE (İSTANBUL)’DE YETİŞTİRİLEN BAZI SEBZELERDE AĞIR METAL BİRİKİMİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Eylül-2007 tarihinde İstanbul’un Şile ilçesi Yeşilvadi Köyü’nde yetiştirilen altı sebze türünün (Petroselinum crispum (Miller) A.W. Hill (maydanoz), Solanum melongena L. (patlıcan), Capsicum annuum L. (biber) Phaseolus vulgaris L. (fasulye), Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC. (lahana) ve Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla (L.) Moq) (pazı) yıkanmış ve yıkanmamış örnekleri ile toprak örnekleri alınarak Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb ve Zn ağır metal miktarları tespit edilmiştir. Alınan örneklerde bulunan Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb ve Zn miktarları, ön işlemlerden geçirilerek, ICP-OES ile tayin edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, yıkanmış ve yıkanmamış sebzeler arasındaki ağır metal miktarları değerlendirilmiştir. Sebzelerde ağır metallerin en düşük ve en yüksek değerleri Cd (0.32-0.43 μg/g dw), Cr (3.88-8.71 μg/g dw), Cu (1.61-3.39 μg/g dw), Ni (2.97-6.37 μg/g dw), Pb (35.15-79.90 μg/g dw) ve Zn (3.21-4.09 μg/g dw) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak yıkanmış ve yıkanmamış sebze örnekleri arasında ciddi bir farklılık olmadığı gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Ağır Metal, ICP-OES, Sebze, Şile

References

1. Akan, J.C., Abdulrahman, F.I., Ogugbuaja, V.O., Ayodele, J.T. (2009) Heavy Metals and Anion Levels inSome Samples of Vegetable Grown Within the Vicinity of Challawa Industrial Area, Kano State, Nigeria.American Journal of Applied Sciences 6 (3): 534-542. Akguc, N., Özyiğit, İ.İ., Yaşar, Ü., Leblebici, Z., Yarcı, C. (2010) Use of Pyracantha coccinea Roem. as a possible biomonitor for the selected heavy metals. Int J Environ Sci Te, 7(3), 427-434.
2. Aksoy, A., Oztürk, M. (1996) Phoenix dactylifera L. as a Biomonitor of Heavy Metal Pollution in Turkey. Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques, 14, 605-614.
3. Anonim (2013) Şile Kaymakamlığı Resmi Web Sitesi (www.sile.gov.tr) Erişim:2013.
4. Awode, U.A., Uzairu, A., Balarabe, M.L., Okunula, O.J. and Adewusi S.G. (2008). Levels of Some Trace Metals in the Fadama Soils and Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Along the Bank of River Challawa, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Scientific Research1 (4) : 458-463.
5. Bigdeli, M., and Seilsepour, M. (2008) Investigation of Metals Accumulation in Some Vegetables Irrigated with Waste Water in Shahre Rey-Iran and Toxicological Implications American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 4 (1): 86-92.
6. Causape J, Quilez D, Aragues R (2004) Assessment of irrigation and environmental quality at the hydrological basin level I.Irrigation quality. Agricultural Water Management 70, 195-209.
7. Chibowski, S. (2000) Studies of Radioactive Contaminations and Heavy Metal Contents in Vegetables and Fruit from Lublin, Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 9, No. 4, 249-253.
8. Çepel, N. (1997) “Toprak Kirliliği Erozyon ve Çevreye Verdiği Zararlar”, TEMA Vakfı Yayınları No:14, 1.Basım, İstanbul, 234.

9. Demirezen, D, Aksoy, A (2006) Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables in Turkey Is Within Safe Limits for Cu, Zn, Ni and Exceeded For Cd and Pb. Journal of Food Quality 29: 252-265.
10. Durdana ,R.H., Shahnaz I. and Shaikh, G.H. (2007) Assessment of The Level of Trace Metals in Commonly Edible Vegetables Locally Available in The Markets of Karachi City. Pak. J. Bot., 39(3): 747-751.
11. Huber, A., Bach. M., Frede, H.G. (2000) Pollution of sur face waters with pesticides in Germany: modeling non-point source inputs. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 80, 191-204.
12. Kachenko, A.G., and Singh, B. (2006) Heavy Metals Contamination in Vegetables Grown in Urban and Metal Smelter Contamined Sites in Australia. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 169: 101–123.
13. Lacatuşu, R. & Lacatuşu, A.R. (2008) Vegetable And Fruits Quality Within Heavy Metals Polluted Areas In Romania Carpth. J. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 115-129.
14. Osma, E., Serin, M., Leblebici, Z. and Aksoy A. (2012) Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller.) Grown in Different Station Types. Romanian Biotechnological Letters. Vol.17, No.1.
15. Öner Ö. ve Çelik A. Gediz Nehri Aşağı Gediz Havzası'ndan Alınan Su ve Sediment Örneklerinde Bazı Kirlilik Parametrelerinin İncelenmesi Ekoloji 20, 78, 48-52. Prabu, P.C. (2009) Impact of Heavy Metal Contamination of Akaki River of Ethiopia on Soil and Toxicity on Cultivated Vegetable Crops. Prabu P. C. ve ark. EJEAFChe, 8 (9), [818-827].
16. Rai, U.N., Tripathi, R.D., Vajpayee, P. (2002) Bioacumulation of Toxic Metals ( Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu) by Seeds of Euryale Ferox Salisb. (Makhana). Chemosphere 46: 267-272.
17. Rosborg, I., Gerhardsson, L. and Nihlgård, B. (2009) Mineral Element Concentrations in Vegetables Cultivated in Acidic Compared to Alkaline Areas of South Sweden. Air, Soil and Water Research :2 15–
18. Sharma, A.K.,, Sharma, A., Varshney, S. and Verma P.S. (2009). Heavy Metals Contamination of Vegetable Foodstufs in Jaipur (India). EJEAFChe, 8 (2), [96-101].
19. Srinivas, N., Ramakrishna, S., Rao, Kumar K.S. (2009) Trace Metal Accumulation in Vegetables Grown in Industriyel and Semi-Urban Areas- A Case Study. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 7(2): 131-139.
20. Ünsal, M., Çağatay, N., Bekiroğlu, Y., Kıratlı, N., Alemdağ, N., Aktaş, M., Sarı, E. (1998). Karadeniz’ de Ağır Metal Kirliliği. PROJE NO: YDEBÇAG-456/G-457/G Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü Deniz Bilimleri Enstitüsü - Erdemli, İçel ve Su Ürünleri Araştırma Enstitüsü - Yomra, Trabzon.