Determination of Egg Internal and External Quality Characteristics with Mathematical Formulas in Guinea Hens

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine some internal and external quality characteristics of 378 eggs collected between March and July from 42-week-old Guinea Hens (Numidae meleagris) raised by the public in Erzincan province, using mathematical formulas. Egg external quality features include shape index 73%, elongation 1.37, egg surface area 55.65 cm2, egg volume 40.39 cm3, shell thickness 0.28 mm, shell weight 3.19 g, number of pores-1 6686.05, number of pores-2 5156.10, number of pores- 3 5043.33 pieces, pore density-1 120.22 pore number/cm2, pore density-2 92.62 pore number/cm2, pore density-3 90.52 pore number/cm2; The yolk weight and white weight of the egg were determined as 6.02 g and 30.89 g, from the egg internal quality characteristics. As a result, in this study, yolk weight, shell weight and shell thickness values of egg internal and external quality characteristics calculated using mathematical formulas based on egg weight without spoiling the egg integrity were found to be lower than the values in some studies determined by measurement, while the white weight value was found to be higher.

Keywords

• Guinea fowl
• Egg Weight
• Shape Index
• Shell Thickness and Weight
• Egg Yolk and White Weight

References

1. Akpınar, G.Ç., Alaşahan, S., Doğan, S.C. 2017. “Halk Elinde Yetiştirilen Pekin Ördeklerinde Matematiksel Formüller İle Yumurta Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”, Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5(12), 1470 - 1475.
2. Alkan, S., Karsli, T., Galiç, A., Karabağ, K. 2013. “Determination of phenotypic correlations between internal and external quality traits of Guinea fowl eggs”, Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(5): 861-867.
3. Austin, O.L., Singer A., Zim H.S. 1975. “Birds of the World. A survey of the twenty-seven orders an one hundred and fifty-five families”, New York: Hamilyn; pp. 105-32
4. Begli, H.E., Zerehdaran, S., Hassani, S., Abbasi, MA., KhanAhmadi, A.R. 2010. “Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality traits in Iranian native fowl”, British Poultry Science, 51:6, 740-744. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2010.528750
5. Bernacki, Z., Kokoszynski, D., Bawej, M. 2013. “Laying performance, egg quality and hatching results in two guinea fowl genotypes”, Arch.Geflügelk., 77(2): 109–115.
6. Demirsoy, A. (1992). “Yaşamın Temel Kuralları, Omurgalılar (Sürüngenler, Kuşlar ve Memeliler)”, Birinci Baskı, Ankara: Meteksan A.Ş.; cilt 3;s. 279-82.
7. Dudusolo, I.O. 2010. “Comparative evaluation of internal and external qualities of eggs from quail and guinea fowl”, International Research Journal of Plant Science, 1:112-115.
8. Eleroğlu, H., Yıldırım, A., Duman, M., Okur, N. 2016. “Effect Of Eggshell Color On The Egg Characterıstıcs And Hatchabılıty Of Guınea Fowl (Numida Meleagris) Eggs”, Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola ISSN 1516-635X Jul - Sept 2016 / Special Issue Quails / 061-068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0154

9. Eleroğlu, H., Bircan, H. 2019a. “Beç Tavuklarında (Numida Meleagris) Matematiksel Formüller Kullanılarak Yumurta Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”, 4th International Anatolian Agriculture, Food, Environment And Biology Congress-2019.
10. Eleroğlu, H., Bircan, H. 2019b. “Beç Tavuklarında (Numida meleagris) Sayısal Görüntü Analizi Kullanılarak Yumurta Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”, 4th International Anatolian Agriculture, Food, Environment and Biology Congress-2019.
11. Gholipour, V., Chamani, M., Shahryar, H.A., Sadeghi, A., Afshar, M.A. 2017. “Effects of dietary Lglutamine supplement on performance,egg quality, fertility and some blood biochemical parameters in Guinea fowls (Numida meleagris)”, Kafkas University Veterinary Fak. Derg. 2017;23(6):903-910.
12. Hoyt, D.F., Board, R.G., Rahn, H., Paganelli, C.V. 1979. “The eggs of the Anatidae: Conductance, pore structure and metabolism”, Physiological Zoology, 52(4): 438-450.
13. Ivanova, R., Nikolova, M.. Veleva, P. 2020. “Study on Egg Productivity of Guinea‐Fowls (Numida meleagris)”, Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science; (2020), 10(4), 727-734
14. Koch, T., Rossa, E. 1973. “Anatomy of the Chicken and Domestic Birds”, The Iowa State University press, Iowa, 1973; pp. 234-56.
15. Nikolova, M., 2009. “Investıgatıon On Some Maın Reproductıve Characterıstıcs Of Guınea Fowls (Numida Meleagris)”, January 2009. Agricultural Sciences; 1(2):55-59 https://doi.org/10.22620/agrisci.2009.02.009
16. Nowaczewski, S., Witkiewicz, K., Fratczak, M., Kontecka, H., Rutkowski, A., Krystianiak, S. Rosiñski, A. 2008. “Egg quality from domestic and French guinea fowl”, Nauka Przyr. Technol. 2(2):1-9.
17. Nwagu, B.I. 1997. “Factors affecting fertility and hatchability of guinea fowl eggs in Nigeria”, World Poultry Science Journal. 53:279-285.
18. Obike, O.M, Oke, U.K, Azu, K.E. 2011. “Comparison of egg production performance and egg quality traits of Pearl and Black strains of Guinea fowl in a humid rain-forest zone of Nigeria”, International Journal of Poultry Science, 10:547-551.
19. Obike, O.M., Nwachukwu, E.N. Aralu, S.N. 2014. “Effect of genotype on egg quality characteristics of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata) in a humid tropical environment”, Nigerian Agricultural Journal, Vol. 45 No. 1,103-107.
20. Oke UK, Herbert U, Nwachukwu EN. 2004. “Association between body weight and some egg production traits in the Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata pallas)”, Livestock Research Rural Development, 16:9.
21. Paganelli C., Olszowka A., Ar A. 1974. “The Avian Egg: Surface Area, Volume And Density”, The Condor 102, 193-197.
22. Patrick, M.K., Lesego, B., Shalaulane, J.N. 2013. “Egg Quality Characteristics of Different Varieties of Domesticated Helmeted Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris)”, International Journal of Poultry Science, 12(4): 245-250
23. Petek, M. 2004. “Bilinmeyen Bir Ürün: Beç Tavuğu”, Uludağ Üniversitesi Vet. Fak. Derg., 23 (1-2-3):127-129.
24. Rahn, H., Ar, A. 1980. “Gas exchange of the avian egg: Time, structure and function”, American Zoologist, 20(2): 477- 484.
25. Rahn, H., Paganelli, C.V. 1988. “Length, Breadth, and Elongation of Avian Eggs from the Tables of Schönwetter”, Journal für Ornithologie, 129(3): 366-369.
26. Rahn, H., Paganelli, C.V. 1989. “Shell mass, thickness and density of avian eggs derived from the tables of Schönwetter”, Journal fur Ornithologie, 130: 59-68.
27. Rahn, H., Paganelli, C.V. 1990. “Gas fluxes in avian eggs: Driving forces and the pathway for exchange”, Comparative biochemistry and physiology part A: 95(1): 1-15.
28. Sarıca, M., Erensayın, C. (2009). “Tavukçuluk ürünleri. Tavukçuluk Bilimi, Yetiştirme, Besleme, Hastalıklar”, (Ed. M.Türkoğlu, M. Sarıca) Bey Ofset Matbaacılık, 3. Basım, s., 588.
29. Singh, C.B., Kumar, D. 2008. “Genetic parameters of production traits of native fowl of Garhwal Himalayas”, Indian Journal of Poultry Science, Volume : 43, Issue : 3 Page : ( 361- 362).
30. Smith, A.J. 1990. “The tropical agriculturist: Poultry”, Mcmillan, London and Basingstoke. 218 p.
31. Song, K.T., Choi, S.H., Oh, H.R. 2000. “A comporison of egg quality of pheasant, chukar, quail and Guinea fowl”, Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 13 (7): 986-990.
32. Sotherland, P.R., Rahn, H. 1987. “On the composition of bird eggs”, The Condor,89: 48-65 Tebesi, T., Madibela, O.R., Moreki, J.C. 2012. “Effect of storage time on internal and external characteristics of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) eggs”, Journal of Animal Science Advance, 2 (6): 534-542.
33. Vekić, M., Savić. D., Cvijanović., D. 2019. Changes of Selected Egg Quality Traits Depending on the Laying Period of Semi-Intensively Raised Guinea Fowl Hens. Agro-knowledge Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, 141-149
34. Yamak, U.S., Boz, M.A., Sarıca, M. 2015. “Changes in guinea fowl fertility and hatching traits over a 4-month laying season with long-term egg storage conditions”, Indian Journal of Animal Research, 49 (4) 2015 : 532-536.
35. Wilkanowska, A., Kokoszynski, D. 2010. “Comparison of morphological composition and interior quality of eggs from pearl and white guinea fowl (in Polish)”, Acta Sci. Pol., Zootech. 9(1): 47-54.