Tuzluluğa Maruz Allium cepa L. Tohumlarında Üzüm Çekirdeği Ekstresinin Sitogenetik ve Fizyolojik Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1493 - 1503, 31.12.2019

Dilek Çavuşoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.567241

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, hem tuzlu hemde normal koşullar altında çimlendirilen Allium cepa L. tohumlarında fide
büyümesi (taze ağırlık, radikula uzunluğu ve radikula sayısı), tohum çimlenmesi,
mitotik aktivite, kromozomal anormallikler ve mikronükleus sıklığı üzerine üzüm
çekirdeği ekstresinin (ÜÇE) etkileri araştırılmıştır. Tek başına ÜÇE
ortamındaki tohumların radikula uzunluğu ve radikula sayısı saf su ortamında
çimlendirilen kontrol tohumlarına kıyasla kısmen azalmasına rağmen, taze
ağırlığı kısmen artmış ve çimlenme yüzdesi ise istatistiksel olarak kontrolle
aynı değeri göstermiştir. Ayrıca, tek başına ÜÇE ortamında çimlendirilen A. cepa tohumlarının kök ucu
meristemlerindeki mitotik indeks kontrol tohumlarıyla karşılaştırıldığında
artış gösterirken, kromozomal anormallikler ile mikronükleus sıklığı kontrole
kıyasla istatistiksel olarak aynı değerleri göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, tuz
stresi A. cepa'nın tohum çimlenmesi ve fide büyümesini önemli ölçüde
engellemiştir. Dahası, tuz tohumların kök ucu meristemlerindeki mitotik indeksi
önemli ölçüde düşürmüş ve sitolojik hasarın en basit ve en etkili göstergesi
olan mikronükleus sıklığı ve kromozomal anormalliklerin sayısını arttırmıştır. Buna
karşılık, mitotik aktivite, fide büyümesi, tohum çimlenmesi ve kromozomal
anormallikler üzerine tuzun inhibe edici etkileri ÜÇE uygulamasıyla önemli
ölçüde azalmış, fakat mikronükleus sıklığı üzerinde ÜÇE tuz hasarının
azaltılmasında yetersiz kalmıştır.

Keywords

Üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi, mitotik indeks, tohum çimlenmesi, kromozomal anormallikler, tuz stresi

Cytogenetic and Physiologic Efficacies of Grape Seed Extract in Allium cepa L. Seeds Exposed to Salinity

Abstract

In this study, effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on the seedling growth (fresh weight, radicle
length, radicle number), seed germination, mitotic activity, chromosomal
aberrations (CAs) and micronucleus frequency (MN) in Allium cepa L. seeds germinated in both saline and normal
conditions investigated. In only GSE medium, althought the radicle number and
radicle length of seeds partially reduced compared to the control seeds
germinated in distilled water medium, the fresh weight partly ascended and
germination percentage indicate statistically the same value as the control.
Besides, whereas the mitotic index in root-tip meristems of A. cepa seeds germinated in alone GSE
medium showed increase compared to the control seeds, CA and MN showed
statistically the same values compared to the control. On the other hand, salt
stress significantly inhibited the seedling growth and seed germination of A. cepa. What’s more, it reduced significantly
the mitotic index in root-tip meristems of the seeds and escalated the number of CA and MN, which is the simplest indicator
and the most effective of cytological damage. Contrariwise, inhibitive effects of salt on the mitotic activity,
seedling growth, seed germination and CA significantly decreased with
application of GSE but, GSE
was inefficient in
reducing of salt damage on MN.

Keywords

Grape seed extract, mitotic index, seed germination, chromosomal aberrations, salt stress

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