Synthesis, X-ray Crystallography, Hirshfeld Surface, FT-IR, UV-Vis and DFT Studies of 2,6-Diaminopyridinium Saccharinate

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 963 - 980

Serkan Güney

Abstract

In this study, Density Functional Theory (DFT) was employed to explore the molecular geometry, vibrational behavior (FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra), and electronic features (HOMO–LUMO energy levels) of 2,6-diaminopyridinium saccharinate (HDAPYSAC). Computational studies were performed using the B3LYP exchange–correlation functional in conjunction with the 6–311G(d,p) basis set. Structural data obtained from single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed that HDAPYSAC, consisting of saccharinate and diaminopyridinium moieties, crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system and belongs to the Fdd2 space group. To further investigate the nature of intermolecular interactions and electron density distribution, Hirshfeld surface mapping and two-dimensional fingerprint plot analyses were carried out. The most significant intermolecular contacts were H···H (32.5%), H···O/O···H (31.7%), H···C/C···H (16.5%), H···N/N···H (7.4%), C···C (5.5%), C···O/O···C (3.0%), and C···N/N···C (2.6%). The calculated HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 3.5661 eV indicates a stable molecular structure. UV–Visible spectroscopy revealed six distinct absorption bands at 276.33, 211.26, 200.10, 173.21, 164.35, and 163.62 nm, corresponding to indirect and direct transition energies of 36188, 47335, 49975, 57733, 60846, and 61117 cm⁻¹, respectively.

Keywords

FT-IR , UV-Vis , Crystal structure , Hirshfeld surface analysis

Project Number

AR-1650

2,6-Diaminopiridinyum Sakkarinatın Sentezi, X-ışını Kristalografisi, Hirshfeld Yüzey Analizi, FT-IR, UV-Vis ve DFT Çalışmaları

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 2,6-diaminopiridinyum sakkarinat (HDAPYSAC) bileşiğinin moleküler yapısı, titreşimsel özellikleri (FT-IR, UV-Vis) ve elektronik özellikleri (HOMO–LUMO enerji seviyeleri), Yoğunluk Fonksiyonel Teorisi (DFT) kapsamında B3LYP/6–311G(d,p) teorik düzeyinde araştırılmıştır. Sakkarinat ve diaminopiridinyum alt birimlerinden oluşan HDAPYSAC molekülü, ortorombik kristal sisteminde ve Fdd2 uzay grubunda kristalleşmiştir. Moleküller arası etkileşimler ve elektron yoğunluğu dağılımı, Hirshfeld yüzeyi ve parmak izi analizleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. En belirgin temaslar H···H (%32.5), H···O/O···H (%31.7), H···C/C···H (%16.5), H···N/N···H (%7.4), C···C (%5.5), C···O/O···C (%3.0) ve C···N/N···C (%2.6) olarak hesaplanmıştır. HOMO–LUMO enerji aralığı 3.5661 eV olarak bulunmuş ve bu durum bileşiğin kararlı yapıda olduğunu göstermektedir. UV–görünür bölge spektroskopisi ile yapılan optik analizlerde, bileşiğin 276.33, 211.26, 200.10, 173.21, 164.35 ve 163.62 nm dalga boylarında altı belirgin absorpsiyon bandı gösterdiği ve bu bantlara karşılık gelen dolaylı ve doğrudan geçiş enerji değerlerinin sırasıyla 36188, 47335, 49975, 57733, 60846 ve 61117 cm⁻¹ olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

FT-IR , UV-Vis. , Kristal yapı , Hirshfeld yüzey analizi

Project Number

AR-1650

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