OECD Ülkeleri için Kişi Başına Sağlık Harcamalarında Stokastik Yakınsama Analizi: Dalgacık Birim Kök Testi Yaklaşımı

Abstract

Özet: Sağlık, ülkelerin büyüme ve gelişmesinde ve beşeri sermayenin oluşumunda temel faktörlerden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Sağlık sektöründeki gelişmeler ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu etkilemektedir. Gelişen teknoloji ve ilerleme ile son yıllarda hem gelişmekte olan hem de gelişmiş ülkelerde sağlık harcamalarında ciddi artışların olduğu görülmektedir. Sağlık harcamalarına yapılan yatırımlar, nüfusun fiziki yapısına katkı sağladığından, bu durum verimlilik artışını da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenle sağlık harcamalarının yakınsaması son zamanlarda iktisat literatüründe araştırmacıların odak noktası haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, 21 OECD üyesinin kişi başına sağlık harcamasının OECD ortalamasına yaklaşıp yaklaşmadığını inceledi. Stokastik yakınsama, Fan ve Gencay (2010) tarafından geliştirilen dalgacık birim kök testi ve geleneksel birim kök testleri (ADF, PP ve KPSS) ile 1975-2019 dönemi için test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, sabit ve sabit trendli modeller için 21 OECD ülkesinin OECD ortalamasına yakınsadığı görülmektedir. Ekonomik gelişmişlik göstergelerinden biri olan sağlık harcamalarının sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyüme için vazgeçilmez bir faktör olması nedeniyle, sağlık harcamalarının yakınsama hipotezinin geçerli olması durumunda ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu yönde etkileyeceği kaçınılmaz bir gerçektir.

Keywords

• Birim Kök Testi
• Zaman Serileri
• Dalgacık
• Sağlık Harcamaları
• Yakınsama

Stochastic Convergence Analysis In Per Capita Health Expenditures for OECD Countries: Wavelet Unit Root Test Approach

Abstract

Abstract: Health is considered one of the essential factors in the growth and development of countries and the formation of human capital. Advances in the health sector have a positive effect on economic growth. With the developing technology and progress, it is seen that there have been severe increases in health expenditures in both developing and developed countries in recent years. Since investments in health expenditures contribute to the physical structure of the population, this situation brings with it an increase in productivity. For this reason, health expenditure convergence has recently become the focus of researchers in the economics literature. This study examined whether the per capita health expenditure of 21 OECD members converged to the OECD average. Stochastic convergence has been tested for the period 1975-2019 with the wavelet unit root test developed by Fan and Gencay (2010) as well as conventional unit root tests (ADF, PP and KPSS). When the wavelet unit root test results, which include both time and frequency domain information with better power characteristics than conventional tests, are examined, it is concluded that nine countries converge to the OECD average. Since health expenditures, which is one of the economic development indicators, are an essential factor for sustainable economic growth, it is an inevitable fact that if the convergence hypothesis of health expenditures is valid, it will positively affect economic growth.

Keywords

• Unit Root Test
• Time Series
• Wavelet
• Health Expenditures
• Convergence

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