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İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 22 - 41, 31.01.2020

Fulya Köksoy

https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.656250

Abstract

Supranasyonel ve hükümetlerlerarası özellikleri içinde taşıyarak nev-i şahsına münhasır bir yapı olan Avrupa Birliği’nin, topluluktan birliğe evirilirken geçirdiği dönüşüm sürecinin analizi geçmişten günümüze önem arz etmektedir. Bu noktada, kökeni çok eskiye dayansa da II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasındaki konjontür doğrultusunda somut olarak 1950’lerde Avrupa bütünleşmesine yönelik başlayan sürecin teorik bir zeminde incelenmesi, topluluktan birliğe dönüşen ve içinde birbiriyle etkileşim içinde olan farklı niteliklere sahip bir yapının geçirdiği değişim sürecinin gözler önüne serilmesine yol açmaktadır. Ekonomik bütünleşmeden, siyasi bütünleşmeye evirilme hedefiyle yola çıkan, son dönemde tüm Avrupa’yı etkileyen çeşitli problemler yaşayan, henüz siyasi bütünleşme hedefine ulaşamayan ve yakın gelecekte bu hedefi gerçekleştirme olasılığı bulunmayan Birliğin kuruluşunda ve derinleşme döneminin ortaları (1950 ve 1960’lar) boyunca neofonksiyonalizm kuramının etkin olduğu bilinen bir realitedir. Bu minvalden hareketle çalışmada Avrupa bütünleşmesinde önem arz eden neofonksiyonalizm kuramı, kuramın iki önemli teorisyeninin varsayımları ekseninde analiz edilip, akabinde kuramın Avrupa dışındaki bir bölgede bulunan Karayipler Topluluğu (Caricom) üzerindeki işlerliği test edilecektir.

Keywords

Neofonksiyonalizm Avrupa Bütünleşmesi Ernst B. Haas Philippe Schmitter Karayipler Topluluğu

References

  • Arı, T. (2010). Uluslararasu İlişkiler Teorileri: Çatışma, Hegemonya, İşbirliği, Bursa:MKM Yayıncılık.
  • Barrera, M. ve Haas, E. (1969). "The Operationalization of Some Variables Related to Regional Integration: A Research Note", International Organization, C. 23 S.1, ss.150-160.
  • Bergmann, J. ve Niemann, A. (2013). “Theories of European Integration and their Contribution to the Study of European Foreign Policy”, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3a92/c6ba0f6223d86d561b619aae0e5d7401007c.pdf, (09.07.2019).
  • Caribean Elections. (2019). “CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME)”, http://www.caribbeanelections.com/education/integration/csme.asp, (03.10.2019).
  • Caricoma Caribbean Community Secretariat. (2017). http://www.caricom.org, (15.09.2019).
  • Caricomb Caribbean Community Secretariat. (2017). http://caricom.org/community/objectives/, (15.09.2019).
  • Economic Commission of Latin America and Caribbean. (2008). “Review of CARIFORUM-EU-EPA in Development Cooperation and WTO Compatability”, https://www.cepal.org/en/publications/38708-review-cariforum-eu-epa-development-cooperation-and-wto-compatability, (03.09.2019).
  • Eilstrupp-Sangiovanni, M. (2006). Debates on European Integration, Houndmills: Palgrave.
  • Etzioni, A. (1962). “ A Paradigm for the Study of Political Unification”, World Politics, C.15, S.1, ss.44-74.
  • European Commission. (2019). “Caribbean”, https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/regions/caribbean/, (22.09.2019).
  • Faber, A. (2010), “ The Further Development of Neofunctionalism Until the Early 1970s”, https://www.kuwi.europa-uni.de/de/lehrstuhl/vs/politik2/lehre/lehrarchiv/WS1011/integration_theories/Stumpf_Presentation_The_further_development_of_Neofunctionalism.pdf, (21.09.2019).
  • Gehrels, F. (1960). “ The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social and Economic Forces, 1950-1957 by Ernst B. Haas”, Journal of Political Economy, C.68, S.2, ss.196-197.
  • Girvan, N. (2011). “ Technification, Sweetification,Treatyfiction:Politics of the Caribbean-EU Economic Partnership Agreement”, Shalini Puri (Edt.), The Legacy of Caribbean Radical Politics, NewYork: Taylor and Francis, ss.90-101.
  • Haas, E. (1958). The Uniting of Europe: Political, Aocial and Economical Forces 1950-1957, London: Stevens & Sons Limited.
  • Haas, E. (1961). "International Integration: The European and the Universal Process." International Organization, C. 15, S.3, ss.366-392.
  • Haas, E. (1964). “Technocracy, Pluralism and New Europe”, S. Graubard (Edt.) A New Europe?, Boston: MA, ss.62-88.
  • Haas, E. (1970). Beyond the Nation State, Stanford: Standford University Press.
  • Haas, E. (1975). The Obsolescence of Regional Integration Theory, California:University of California.
  • Haas, E. ve Schmitter, P. (1964). “ Economics and Differential Patterns of Political Integration:Projections About Unity in Latin America”, International Organization, ss.705-737.
  • Hey, J.K., (2003), Small States in World Politics, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Kahraman, S. (2014). “Avrupa Bütünleşmesi Kuramları:1950-1970 Yılları”, Belgin Akçay ve İlke Göçmen (Edt.), Avrupa Birliği: Tarihçe, Teoriler, Kurumlar ve Politikalar, Ankara:Seçkin Yayıncılık, ss. 71-85.
  • Lewis-Ambrose, D. (2013). Moving from Intancy to Young Adulthood: A Contemporary Review of the Development of the Virgin Islands, Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Lindberg, L. N. (1963). The Political Dynamics of European Economic Integration, London: Stanford University Press.
  • Mason, L. (1959). “The Process of Integration: A Critique of Four Recent Books on European Unification”, The Journal Conflict Resolution, Vol. 3, No.2 ss.172-181.
  • Mattli, W. (2005). “Ernst Haas’s Evolving Thinking on Comparative Regional Integration: Of Virtues and Infelicities”, Journal of Public Policy, Vol.12, No.2, ss.327-348.
  • Mercan, S. (2011). “ Siyasal Bütünleşme Kuramları Işığında AB Genişlemesi”, Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi, C.10, S.1, ss.67-83.
  • Ministry of Foreign and Caricom Affairs. (2018). “The 18th Special Meeting of Heads of Government of CARICOM on the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME)”,https://foreign.gov.tt/resources/news/statement-sen-hon-paula-gopee-scoon-g-minister-foreign-caricom-affairs-media-conference-regarding-trinidad-and-tobagos-hosting-18th-special-meeting-heads-government-caricom-caricom-single-market-and-economy-csme/, (22.09.2019).
  • Moravsick, A. (2005). ‘The European Constitutional Comprise and the Neofunctionalist Legacy”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol.12, No.2, ss.349-386.
  • Niemann, A. (2016), “Theorising Internal Security Cooperation in the European Union: A Neofunctionalist Perspective”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330412606_Theorising_Internal_Security_Cooperation_in_the_European_Union_A_Neofunctionalist_Perspective (19.10.2019).
  • Niemann, A. Lefkofridi, Z. ve Schmitter, P. (2018). “Neofunctionalism”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330494709_3_Neofunctionalism, (20.09.2019).
  • Özen, Ç. (1998). Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği İlişkilerinin Neofonksiyonalist Teori Çerçevesinde Analizi, Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yayınlanmış Master Tezi, Ankara.
  • Preston, C. (1997). Enlargement and Integration in the European Union, London:Routledge.
  • Puchala, D. (1971). “Of Blind Men and International Integration”, Journal of Common Market Studies, C.10, S.3, ss.267-284.
  • Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas. (2001). https://caricom.org/documents/4906-revised_treaty-text.pdf, (25.09.2019).
  • Rosamond, B. (2005). “The Uniting Europe and the Foundation of EU Studies:Revisiting the Neofunctionalism of Ernst B. Haas”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol.12, No.2, ss.237-254.
  • Schmitter, P. (1969). ‘Three Neo-Functional Hypotheses about International Integration, International Organization, Vol.23, No.1, ss.161-166.
  • Schmitter, P. (1970). “A Revised Theory of Regional Integration”, International Organization, Vol.24, No.4, ss.836-868.
  • Schmitter, P. (2004). “ Neo-Neo Functionalism”, European Integration Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ss. 45-74.
  • Schmitter, P. (2005). “Ernst B. Haas and the Legacy of Neofunctionalism”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol.12. No.2 ss.255-272.
  • Schmitter, P. ve Letkofridi, Z. (2016). “Neo-Functionalism as a Theory of Disintegration”, https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/40332/Schmitter_Lefkofridi_2016.pdf?sequence=2, (16.08.2019).
  • Toprak, E. (2007). “Neofonksiyonalizmden Yapısalcılığa, Entegrasyon Kuramları Işığında Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği Uyumu”, Ankara Avrupa Çalışma Dergisi, C.7. No.1, ss.69-89.
  • Tranholm-Mikkelsen, J. (1991). “ Neo-Functionalism:Obstinate or Obsolete?A Reappraisal in Light of the New Dynamism of the EC”, Millennium:Journal of International Studies, C.20, S.1, ss.1-21.
  • Treaty of Chaguaramas. (1973). https://caricom.org/about-caricom/who-we-are/our-governance/the-original-treaty/, (01.09.2019).
  • Weiner, A. ve Diez, T. (2009). “ Introducing the Mosaic of International Theory”, Antje Wiener ve Thomas Diez (Edt.), European Integration Theory, UK:Oxford University Press, ss.1-24.
  • Yapıcı, M. ( 2007). “ Uluslararası İlişkiler Disiplininde Entegrasyon Teorilerinin Yeri ve Etkinliği”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, C.9. S.3, ss.130-157.

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 22 - 41, 31.01.2020

Fulya Köksoy

https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.656250

Abstract

References

  • Arı, T. (2010). Uluslararasu İlişkiler Teorileri: Çatışma, Hegemonya, İşbirliği, Bursa:MKM Yayıncılık.
  • Barrera, M. ve Haas, E. (1969). "The Operationalization of Some Variables Related to Regional Integration: A Research Note", International Organization, C. 23 S.1, ss.150-160.
  • Bergmann, J. ve Niemann, A. (2013). “Theories of European Integration and their Contribution to the Study of European Foreign Policy”, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3a92/c6ba0f6223d86d561b619aae0e5d7401007c.pdf, (09.07.2019).
  • Caribean Elections. (2019). “CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME)”, http://www.caribbeanelections.com/education/integration/csme.asp, (03.10.2019).
  • Caricoma Caribbean Community Secretariat. (2017). http://www.caricom.org, (15.09.2019).
  • Caricomb Caribbean Community Secretariat. (2017). http://caricom.org/community/objectives/, (15.09.2019).
  • Economic Commission of Latin America and Caribbean. (2008). “Review of CARIFORUM-EU-EPA in Development Cooperation and WTO Compatability”, https://www.cepal.org/en/publications/38708-review-cariforum-eu-epa-development-cooperation-and-wto-compatability, (03.09.2019).
  • Eilstrupp-Sangiovanni, M. (2006). Debates on European Integration, Houndmills: Palgrave.
  • Etzioni, A. (1962). “ A Paradigm for the Study of Political Unification”, World Politics, C.15, S.1, ss.44-74.
  • European Commission. (2019). “Caribbean”, https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/regions/caribbean/, (22.09.2019).
  • Faber, A. (2010), “ The Further Development of Neofunctionalism Until the Early 1970s”, https://www.kuwi.europa-uni.de/de/lehrstuhl/vs/politik2/lehre/lehrarchiv/WS1011/integration_theories/Stumpf_Presentation_The_further_development_of_Neofunctionalism.pdf, (21.09.2019).
  • Gehrels, F. (1960). “ The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social and Economic Forces, 1950-1957 by Ernst B. Haas”, Journal of Political Economy, C.68, S.2, ss.196-197.
  • Girvan, N. (2011). “ Technification, Sweetification,Treatyfiction:Politics of the Caribbean-EU Economic Partnership Agreement”, Shalini Puri (Edt.), The Legacy of Caribbean Radical Politics, NewYork: Taylor and Francis, ss.90-101.
  • Haas, E. (1958). The Uniting of Europe: Political, Aocial and Economical Forces 1950-1957, London: Stevens & Sons Limited.
  • Haas, E. (1961). "International Integration: The European and the Universal Process." International Organization, C. 15, S.3, ss.366-392.
  • Haas, E. (1964). “Technocracy, Pluralism and New Europe”, S. Graubard (Edt.) A New Europe?, Boston: MA, ss.62-88.
  • Haas, E. (1970). Beyond the Nation State, Stanford: Standford University Press.
  • Haas, E. (1975). The Obsolescence of Regional Integration Theory, California:University of California.
  • Haas, E. ve Schmitter, P. (1964). “ Economics and Differential Patterns of Political Integration:Projections About Unity in Latin America”, International Organization, ss.705-737.
  • Hey, J.K., (2003), Small States in World Politics, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Kahraman, S. (2014). “Avrupa Bütünleşmesi Kuramları:1950-1970 Yılları”, Belgin Akçay ve İlke Göçmen (Edt.), Avrupa Birliği: Tarihçe, Teoriler, Kurumlar ve Politikalar, Ankara:Seçkin Yayıncılık, ss. 71-85.
  • Lewis-Ambrose, D. (2013). Moving from Intancy to Young Adulthood: A Contemporary Review of the Development of the Virgin Islands, Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Lindberg, L. N. (1963). The Political Dynamics of European Economic Integration, London: Stanford University Press.
  • Mason, L. (1959). “The Process of Integration: A Critique of Four Recent Books on European Unification”, The Journal Conflict Resolution, Vol. 3, No.2 ss.172-181.
  • Mattli, W. (2005). “Ernst Haas’s Evolving Thinking on Comparative Regional Integration: Of Virtues and Infelicities”, Journal of Public Policy, Vol.12, No.2, ss.327-348.
  • Mercan, S. (2011). “ Siyasal Bütünleşme Kuramları Işığında AB Genişlemesi”, Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi, C.10, S.1, ss.67-83.
  • Ministry of Foreign and Caricom Affairs. (2018). “The 18th Special Meeting of Heads of Government of CARICOM on the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME)”,https://foreign.gov.tt/resources/news/statement-sen-hon-paula-gopee-scoon-g-minister-foreign-caricom-affairs-media-conference-regarding-trinidad-and-tobagos-hosting-18th-special-meeting-heads-government-caricom-caricom-single-market-and-economy-csme/, (22.09.2019).
  • Moravsick, A. (2005). ‘The European Constitutional Comprise and the Neofunctionalist Legacy”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol.12, No.2, ss.349-386.
  • Niemann, A. (2016), “Theorising Internal Security Cooperation in the European Union: A Neofunctionalist Perspective”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330412606_Theorising_Internal_Security_Cooperation_in_the_European_Union_A_Neofunctionalist_Perspective (19.10.2019).
  • Niemann, A. Lefkofridi, Z. ve Schmitter, P. (2018). “Neofunctionalism”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330494709_3_Neofunctionalism, (20.09.2019).
  • Özen, Ç. (1998). Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği İlişkilerinin Neofonksiyonalist Teori Çerçevesinde Analizi, Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yayınlanmış Master Tezi, Ankara.
  • Preston, C. (1997). Enlargement and Integration in the European Union, London:Routledge.
  • Puchala, D. (1971). “Of Blind Men and International Integration”, Journal of Common Market Studies, C.10, S.3, ss.267-284.
  • Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas. (2001). https://caricom.org/documents/4906-revised_treaty-text.pdf, (25.09.2019).
  • Rosamond, B. (2005). “The Uniting Europe and the Foundation of EU Studies:Revisiting the Neofunctionalism of Ernst B. Haas”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol.12, No.2, ss.237-254.
  • Schmitter, P. (1969). ‘Three Neo-Functional Hypotheses about International Integration, International Organization, Vol.23, No.1, ss.161-166.
  • Schmitter, P. (1970). “A Revised Theory of Regional Integration”, International Organization, Vol.24, No.4, ss.836-868.
  • Schmitter, P. (2004). “ Neo-Neo Functionalism”, European Integration Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ss. 45-74.
  • Schmitter, P. (2005). “Ernst B. Haas and the Legacy of Neofunctionalism”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol.12. No.2 ss.255-272.
  • Schmitter, P. ve Letkofridi, Z. (2016). “Neo-Functionalism as a Theory of Disintegration”, https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/40332/Schmitter_Lefkofridi_2016.pdf?sequence=2, (16.08.2019).
  • Toprak, E. (2007). “Neofonksiyonalizmden Yapısalcılığa, Entegrasyon Kuramları Işığında Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği Uyumu”, Ankara Avrupa Çalışma Dergisi, C.7. No.1, ss.69-89.
  • Tranholm-Mikkelsen, J. (1991). “ Neo-Functionalism:Obstinate or Obsolete?A Reappraisal in Light of the New Dynamism of the EC”, Millennium:Journal of International Studies, C.20, S.1, ss.1-21.
  • Treaty of Chaguaramas. (1973). https://caricom.org/about-caricom/who-we-are/our-governance/the-original-treaty/, (01.09.2019).
  • Weiner, A. ve Diez, T. (2009). “ Introducing the Mosaic of International Theory”, Antje Wiener ve Thomas Diez (Edt.), European Integration Theory, UK:Oxford University Press, ss.1-24.
  • Yapıcı, M. ( 2007). “ Uluslararası İlişkiler Disiplininde Entegrasyon Teorilerinin Yeri ve Etkinliği”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, C.9. S.3, ss.130-157.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fulya Köksoy

Publication Date January 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Köksoy, F. (2020). İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(1), 22-41. https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.656250
AMA Köksoy F. İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI. ESAM. January 2020;11(1):22-41. doi:10.18354/esam.656250
Chicago Köksoy, Fulya. “İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS Ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI”. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 22-41. https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.656250.
EndNote Köksoy F (January 1, 2020) İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 11 1 22–41.
IEEE F. Köksoy, “İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI”, ESAM, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 22–41, 2020, doi: 10.18354/esam.656250.
ISNAD Köksoy, Fulya. “İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS Ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI”. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 11/1 (January 2020), 22-41. https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.656250.
JAMA Köksoy F. İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI. ESAM. 2020;11:22–41.
MLA Köksoy, Fulya. “İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS Ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI”. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020, pp. 22-41, doi:10.18354/esam.656250.
Vancouver Köksoy F. İKİ ADAM BİR KURAM: HAAS ve SCHMITTER İLE NEOFONKSİYONALİZMİN KARAYİPLER TOPLULUĞU’NA YANSIMASI. ESAM. 2020;11(1):22-41.
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