Abstract
According to Kebra Nagast, which is the subject of the Ethiopian national legend, the Zagwe Dynasty seized the throne of Israel by violating God's law and created an interim period between the Aksum Kingdom and the Solomon Dynasty. In these conditions, where the legitimacy of the throne completely preceded the lineage, ancestral stories also emerged for the Zagwe Dynasty lineage. There are stories among the people that add to the narrative of Kebra Nagast, that they, too, are descendants of King Solomon. However, there is a rumor in Arabic sources that the Zagwe Dynasty was descended from Moses and Aaron. Beyond that, the Negus of that period was defined as a priest. Looking at the members of the Zagwe Dynasty, it is seen that they have a close relationship with religion, supporting the rumors. Yemrehanna Kristos is called “Kıssis King” reminiscent of Presbyter John, and Harbay, Lalibela, and Nakuto Laab, who follow him, are among the saints of the Ethiopian church. In our study, it is analyzed the discourses about the lineage of the Zagwe Dynasty and their religious figures. It has been seen in the sources that a story like the union of Solomon-Makeda is told about Moses and a woman from Kush. According to this, the prophet Moses came to Ethiopia and married a woman from Kush. However, the lineage of the prophet Moses is not related to the Zagwe Dynasty. At this point, the mention of Moses, Aaron, and Tabot together in the source where the genealogical discourse takes place reveals the possibility of this being inspired by the 248th verse of Surat al-Baqara. Because in this verse, Tabot is presented as a sign of sovereignty, and there are remains of Al-i Musa and Al-i Harun (family of Moses and the family of Aaron). Therefore, we have expressed that this discourse may be a modeling effort to legitimize the dynasty as a style frequently used in this period. The information we have about the Zagwe Dynasty does not give precise details on the number of kings, when they came to power, and how they were destroyed. However, looking at the Gadls (hagiography) written during an anti-Zagwe government after this dynasty, it can be seen that they were canonized - while keeping their usurpation secret. At this point, in our study, information about the dynasty will be given by making use of their gadls and modern studies on them, and the saints of the members of the dynasty, especially Yemrehanna Kristos, who is the King of Kissis, will be mentioned. The life of the king, who gave the name to the city known as Lalibela today, will be discussed, and information will be given about the churches he had built in this region. I will try to describe the status of the abuna authority, which is accepted as the head of the Ethiopian church, during the dynasty and, therefore, the relationship of the Zagwe dynasty with the Coptic church in Egypt and Islamic administration. it has been argued in our study that one of the most critical factors in their acceptance as saints is their position in the face of political and religious authority, and conditions in Egypt. These kings, who conducted rites in the church, tried to make the Ethiopian Church independent and build the "New Zion" by carving the rocks, were not the successors of Moses and Aaron lineage, but still, like them, they were the people who brought together the power of religion and politics in one person.