PANDEMİDE FEN BİLİMLERİ DERSLERİNİN UZAKTAN EĞİTİMLE GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLMESİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ GÖRÜŞ VE ÖNERİLERİ

Abstract

Bu araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının fen bilimleri derslerinin uzaktan eğitimle gerçekleştirilmesine ilişkin görüş ve önerilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilimi deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören son sınıf 14 fen bilimleri öğretmen adayından toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve ders gözlem formu kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen adayları ile yapılan görüşmeler ve ders gözlemleri doğrultusunda elde edilen veriler, nitel veri analiz tekniklerinden içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre; öğretmen adayları, uzaktan eğitimle gerçekleştirilen fen derslerinde geleneksel öğrenme yaklaşımlarından düz anlatımın çok fazla kullanıldığını, en çok kullanılan materyallerin ise; kitaplar, Powerpoint sunumları olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Çalışmanın bir diğer sonucu öğretmen adaylarının ölçme-değerlendirme ile ilgili uzaktan eğitimde fen derslerinde süreç değerlendirmenin kullanıldığı yönünde görüş bildirdiklerini göstermektedir. Öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan gerçekleştirilen fen derslerinde teknik donanım ile ilgili büyük çoğunlukla olumsuz görüşler bildirdikleri görülmektedir. Öğretmen adayları, uzaktan eğitimde öğretmene ve bilgiye ulaşımın kolay olduğunu söyleseler de, öğretmen adaylarının iletişim konusunda birçok sıkıntı yaşadığı da görülmektedir. Çalışma sonuçları, uzaktan eğitimin hem öğretmenler için hem de öğrenciler için zor bir süreç olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Uzaktan Eğitim
• Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adayları
• Fen Bilimleri Dersi

PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS’ VIEWS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON TEACHING SCIENCE THROUH DIZTANCE LEARNING

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to examine prospective teachers’ views and recommendations on teaching science through distance learning. The present study conducted phenomenology, one of the qualitative research methods. The study data were collected from total of 14 prospective science teachers studying at a state university during the 2020-2021 academic years. The data collection tools used in the study was the structured interview form and the lesson observation form. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the data obtained through the interviews and observations. According to the results of the study; prospective teachers stated that direct instruction, one of the traditional learning approaches, is used a lot in distance education science lessons, and the most used materials are textbooks, PowerPoint presentations. Another result of the study shows that prospective teachers stated that process evaluation is used in distance education science lessons about measurement-evaluation. The participating teacher candidates mostly had negative views on technical equipment. The study results put forth that prospective teachers witnessed various limitations related to communication in science lessons in distance learning. The results of the study show that distance education is a difficult process for both teachers and students.

Keywords

• Distance Learning
• Prospective Science Teachers
• Science Course
• Distance Learning, Prospective Science Teachers, Science Course

References

1. Almaghaslah D., & Alsayari, A. (2020). The effects of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak on academic staff members: A case study of a Pharmacy School in Saudi Arabia. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 13, 795-802.
2. Altuntaş Yılmaz, N. (2020). Investigation of students' attitudes towards applied distance education in the covid-19 pandemic process in higher education instiutions: example of physiotherapy and rehabilitation department. Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 3(1), 15-20.
3. Angoletto, R., & Queiroz, V. C. (2020). COVID-19 and the challenges in education. The Centro de Estudos Sociedade e Tecnologia (CEST), 5, 2.
4. Bakioğlu, B., & Çevik, M. (2020). Science teachers' views on distance education in the covıd-19 pandemic process. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4).
5. Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to Online Education in Schools during a SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), em0060. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7937
6. Başaran, M,. Doğan, E., Karaoğlu, E., & Şahin, E. (2020). A study on effectıveness of dıstance educatıon, as a return of coronavırus (covıd-19) pandemıc process. AJER - Academia Journal of Educational Research, 5(2), 368-397.
7. Bhamani, S., Makhdoom, A. Z., Bharuchi, V., Ali, N., Kaleem, S., & Ahmed, D. (2020). Home learning in times of COVID: Experiences of parents. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 7(1), 9-26.
8. Bıyıklı, C., & Özgür, A. O. (2021). Teachers’ solution suggestions for the problems experienced in the synchronous distance education process during the Covid – 19 pandemic. Journal of Open Education Applications and Research, 7(1), 110-147

9. Bozkurt, A. (2020). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemi süreci ve pandemi sonrası dünyada eğitime yönelik değerlendirmeler: Yeni normal ve yeni eğitim paradigması. Journal of Open Education Applications and Research, 6(3), 112-142.
10. Burke, J.,& Dempsey, M. (2020). COVID-19 Practice in primaryschools in Ireland report. National University of Ireland Maynooth, Ireland. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340444601_Covid-19_Practice_in_Primary_Schools_in_Ireland_Report
11. Can, E. (2020). Korona virüs (Covid-19) pandemisi ve pedagojik yansımaları: Türkiye’de açık ve uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları. Journal of Open Education Applications and Research, 6(2), 11-53.
12. Demir, E. (2014). Uzaktan eğitime genel bir bakış. Dumlupınar University Journal of Social Science, 39, 203-212.
13. Doğan, A. & Paydar, S. (2019). Öğretmen adaylarının açık ve uzaktan öğrenme ortamlarına yönelik görüşleri. Education & Technology, 1(2), 154-162.
14. Duman, S. N. (2020). Salgın döneminde gerçekleştirilen uzaktan eğitim sürecinin değerlendirilmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi , 95-112 . DOI: 10.37669/milliegitim.768887
15. Eken Ö., Tosun, N., & Eken, D. T. (2020). Urgent and compulsory move to distance education upon covid-19: A general evaluation. The Journal of National Education, 49(1), 113-128.
16. Erfidan, A. (2019). Derslerin uzaktan eğitim yoluyla verilmesiyle ilgili öğretim elemanı ve öğrenci görüşleri: Balıkesir Üniversitesi örneği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Balıkesir.
17. Ergüney, M. (2017). The role of mobıle learnıng technologıes in dıstance educatıon. Ulakbilge Journal of Social Sciences, 5(13), 1009-1021.
18. Fidan, M. (2020). Education in the uncertainty of Covid 19: teachers' views on emergency remote teaching in primary school. Uşak Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 24-43.
19. Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R., & Gall, J. P. (1996). Educational research: An introduction (6th ed.). Longman Publishing.
20. Genç, M. F., & Gümrükçüoğlu, S. (2020). The views of theology faculty students on distance education in the coronavirus (covid-19) process. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4), 403-422.
21. Giannini, S., & Lewis, S. G. (2020). Three ways to plan for equity during the coronavirus school closures. Retrieved from: https://gemreportunesco.wordpress.com/2020/03/25/three-ways-to-plan-for-equity-during-the-coronavirus-school-closures/
22. Gülbahar, Y., & Karataş, E. (2016). Learning distance teaching via distance learning: “e-ınstructor certificate program. Kastamonu Education Journal, 24(4), 1867-1880.
23. Huss, J. A., Sela, O., & Eastep, S. (2015). A case study of online instructors and their quest for greater interactivity in their courses: Overcoming the distance in distance education. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 40(4), 71-86.
24. Imamoğlu, H. V., & Siyimer İmamoğlu, F. (2020). Teacher views on coronavirüs epidemic and distance education process: Şehit Bülent Yalçın Sport High School and Şehit Ertan Yılmaz Fine Arts High School (Sinop) example. Journal of Humanities and Tourism Research, 10(4), 742-761.
25. Iwai, Y. (March 13, 2020) ‘Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What do we gain and what do we lose when classrooms go virtual?’, Scientific American. Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/online-learning-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/
26. Kaya, Z. (2002). Uzaktan Eğitim (1. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Press.
27. Kaysi, F. (2020, September). Covid-19 salgını sürecinde Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen uzaktan eğitimin değerlendirilmesi. Paper presented at the 5th International Scientific Research Congress (IBAD-2020) (pp. 17-22), İstanbul, Turkey. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/19819.pdf
28. Kazmer, M., & Caroline, H. (2004). Learning, cultureand community in online education: Research and practice. Newyork: Peterlong Press.
29. Keskin, M., & Özer Kaya, D. (2020). Evaluation of students’ feedbacks on web-based distance education in the COVID-19 process. İzmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 5(2), 59-67.
30. Mahdy, M. A. A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the academic performance of veterinary medical students. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, 594261. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.594261
31. MEB. (2020). Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı COVID-19. Retrieved from https://www.meb.gov.tr/kovid-19a-ozel-site/haber/22154/tr
32. Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass.
33. Midkiff, S. F., & DaSilva, L. A. (2000, August). Leveraging the web for synchronous versus asynchronous distance learning. Paper presented at the International Conference on Engineering Education (Vol. 2000, pp. 14-18), Taipei, Taiwan. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.461.2099&rep=rep1&type=pdf
34. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
35. Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, G. (1996). Distance education: A Systems view. CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
36. Niemi, H. M. ve Kousa, P., (2020). A Case Study of Students’ and Teachers’ Perceptions in a Finnish High School during the COVID Pandemic. International journal of technology in education and science, 4(4), 352-369. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i4.167
37. Özer, M., & Suna, H. E. (2020). Covid-19 salgını ve eğitim. In M. Şeker, A. Özer and C. Korkut (Ed.), Küresel toplumun anatomisi: İnsan ve toplumun geleceği (pp. 171-192). Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi – TÜBA.
38. Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research Methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA, USA: Sage Publications, Inc.
39. Pınar, M. A., & Dönel Akgül, G. (2020). The opinions of secondary school students about giving science courses with distance education during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Current Researches on Social Sciences, 10(2), 461-486. doi: 10.26579/jocress.377
40. Ramos-Morcillo, A. J., Leal-Costa, C., Moral-García J. E., & Ruzafa-Martínez, M. (2020). Experiences of nursing students during the abrupt change from face-to-face to e-learning education during the first month of confinement due to COVID-19 in Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5519. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155519.
41. Rovai, A. P., & Barnum, K. T. (2003). On-line course effectiveness: An analysis of student ınteractions and perceptions of learning. Journal of Distance Education, 18 (1), 57-73.
42. Sen, Ö., & Kızılcalıoğlu, G. (2020). Determınıng the vıews of unıversıty students and academıcs on dıstance educatıon durıng the covıd-19 pandemıc. International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry, 4(3), 239-252.
43. Serçemeli, M., & Kurnaz, E. (2020). A research on students' perspectives to distance education and distance accounting education in the Covid-19 pandemia period. Internatıonal Journal of Socıal Scıences Academıc Researches, 4(1), 40-53.
44. Sever, M., & Özdemir, S. (2020). The experience of being a student during coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic: a photovoice study. Journal of Socıety & Socıal Work, 31(4), 1653-1679.
45. Simonson, M. (2007). What the accreditation community is saying about quality in distance education. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 8(2), VII-IX.
46. Sintema, E. J. (2020). Effect of COVID-19 on the performance of grade 12 students: implications for STEM education. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(7), 1-6.
47. Starks, H., & Trinidad, S. B. (2007). Choose your method: A comparison of phenomenology, discourse analysis, and grounded theory. Qualitative Health Research, 17(10), 1372-1380.
48. Simsek, H., & Yıldırım, A. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seckin Press.
49. Telli, S. G., & Altun, D. (2020). The coronavirus and the rising of online education. Journal of University Research, 3(1), 25-34.
50. Tuncer, M., & Bahadir, F. (2017). Evaluation of the distance education programs according to student views that learned in these programs. Journal of Educational Reflections, 1(2), 29-38
51. Türküresin, H. E. (2020). Covid-19 pandemi döneminde yürütülen uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarının öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri bağlamında incelenmesi. Milli Eğitim, 49 (1), 597-618.
52. Ünal, M., & Bulunuz, N. (2020). The vıews and suggestıons of scıence teachers on dıstance educatıon practıces durıng the covıd-19 pandemıc perıod and subsequent processes. The Journal of National Education, 49(1), 343-369.
53. Yıldırım, A., &Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (5. Baskı). SeçkinYayınları.
54. Yurdakal, I. H. (2019). Views of undergraduate students and lecturers on distance education, International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 11 (3), 207-221.
55. Yurdakal İ. H., & Susar Kırmızı F., (2021). COVID- 19 salgını sürecinde gerçekleştirilen acil uzaktan eğitime ilişkin öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 11(2), 290-302. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2021.449
56. Wang,Y.,Di, Y., Ye, J., & Wei, W. (2020). Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, Health & Medicine. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
57. WHO (2020). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://covid19.who.int/