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Year 2015, Volume: 14 Issue: 55, 98 - 114, 24.04.2015

Mevlüt Akyol

https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.69431
Cited By: 10

Abstract

Together with developments in new communication technologies the emerging concept of web 2.0, has also brought various social networks that enable users to generate their own content to our agenda. One-way communication of traditional media has transformed into two-way and interactive forms of communication with social media. Social media that has economic, social and cultural effects, changes the structure of communication. Election campaigns comprise one of the areas in which social media shows its effects. Social media that enables interactive content has become a medium for political parties' and candidates’ promises, where image and reputation are promoted for voters and public opinion, also providing a platform from which to conduct their election campaigns. Through election campaigns that are conducted at social media, parties and candidates may inform voters with text, video or visual elements and they also have the opportunity to communicate more directly with them. On the other hand, voters or people who support or wish to criticize the candidate/ political party can contribute by generating content through social media. This study aims to analyze how social media was used by the candidates during the presidential elections of August 2014. Therefore, the Facebook-using practices of two presidential candidates- RecepTayyip ERDOGAN and Ekmeleddin İHSANOĞLU- has been analysed by the quantitative content analysis method, based on Baxter, Marcella and Varfis’(2011) study

Keywords

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References

  • Alujevic, L. V. (2012). Political participation and web 2.0 in Europe: A case study of Facebook, Public Relations Review, 38, 466-470.
  • Andersen, K. N., Medaglia, R. (2009). The Use of Facebook in National Election Campaigns: Politics as Usual? Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ePart, Volume: 5694, Springer, 101-111.
  • Aziz, A. (2007). Siyasal İletişim, 2. Baskı, Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Bayraktutan, G. ve ark. (2012). Sosyal Medyada 2011 Genel Seçimleri: Nitel-Nicel Arayüzey İncelemesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Akademik Dergisi, Temmuz, Cilt: 7,Sayı 3, ss: 5-29.
  • Baxter, G., Marcella, R., Varfis, E. (2011). The Use of the Internet by Political Parties and Candidates in Scotland During the 2010 UK General Election Campaign, Aslib Proceedings: New Information Perspectives, Vol. 63, No. 5, 464-483.
  • -
  • Boyd, D. M., Ellison, N. B. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
  • Bronstein, J. (2013). Like me! Analyzing the 2012 Presidential Candidates’ Facebook Pages, Online Information Review, Vol. 37, No. 2, 173-192.
  • Carlisle, J. E., Patron, R. C. (2013). Is Social Media Changing How We Understand Political Engagement? An Analysis of Facebook and the 2008 Presidential Election, Political Research Quarterly, 66, (4) 883–895.
  • Devran, Y. (2003). Siyasal Kampanya Yönetimi: Mesaj, Strateji ve Taktikler, İstanbul: AND Yayınları.
  • Dimitrova, D. V., Shehata, A., Strömbäck, J., Nord, L. W. (2014). The Effects of Digital Media on Political Knowledge and Participation in Election Campaigns: Evidence From Panel Data, Communication Research, 2014, Vol. 41, (1), 95–118.
  • Duman, D., İpekşen, S. S. (2013). Türkiye’de Genel Seçim Kampanyaları (1950-2002), Turkish Studies International Periodical For the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, Volume 8/7, Summer.
  • Fernandes, J., Giurcanu, M., Bowers K. W., Neely, J. C. (2010). The Writing on the Wall: A Content Analysis of College Students' Facebook Groups for the 2008 Presidential Election, Mass Communication and Society, 13:5, 653-675.
  • -
  • Hanson, G., Haridakis, G. H., Cunningham, A. W., Sharma, R., Ponder, J. D. (2010). The 2008 Presidential Campaign: Political Cynicism in the Age of Facebook, MySpace, and YouTube, Mass Communication and Society, 13: 5, 584-607.
  • Kaplan, A. M., Haenlein, M. (2009). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media, Business Horizons, 53, 59-68.
  • Kushin, M. J., Yamamoto, M. (2010). Did Social Media Really Matter? College Students' Use of Online Media and Political Decision Making in the 2008 Election, Mass Communication and Society, 13: 5, 608-630.
  • Lerman, Kristina (2008). Social Information Processing in Social News Aggregation, http://arxiv.org/pdf/cs.cy/0703087.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:12.05.2014 ).
  • Minucci, S., Mascheroni, G. (2010). European Elections in the Italian Web Sphere: Campaigning 2.0, CEU Political Science Journal, Issue: 02, 187-201.
  • Newman, N. (2010). UK election 2010, Mainstream Media and the Role of the Internet: How Social and Digital Media Affected the Business of Politics and Journalism, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Working Paper, July.
  • Okmeydan, Cudi Kaan (2013). Partiler, Sosyal Medyaya İlgisiz, Bilişim Dergisi, Yıl 41, Sayı 157, http://www.bilisimdergisi.org/s157/, Erişim Tarihi: 05.01.2015.
  • Quintelier, E., Vissers, S. (2008). The Effect of Internet Use on Political Participation An Analysis of Survey Results for 16-year-olds in Belgium, Social Science Computer Review 26, 4, 411-427.
  • Skoric, M. M., Kwan, G. (2011). Do Facebook and Video Games Promote Political Participation Among Youth?eJournal of eDemocrasy and Open Government, 3, 1, 70-79.
  • Small, A. T. (2008). The Facebook Effect? Online Campaigning in the 2008 Canadian and US Elections, Policy Options, November, pp:85-87, http://archive.irpp.org/po/archive/nov08/small.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 18.12.2014.
  • Smith, K. N. (2011). Social Media and Political Campaigns, University of Tennessee Honors Thesis Projects.
  • Stieglitz, S., Brockmann, T., Xuan, L. D. (2012). Usage Of Social Media For Political Communication, PACIS 2012 Proceedings, Paper: 22.
  • Sweetser, K. D., Lariscy, R. W. (2008). Candidates Make Good Friends: An Analysis of Candidates' Uses of Facebook, International Journal of Strategic Communication, 2: 3, 175-198.
  • Trent, Judith S. and Friendenberg, Robert V. (2008). Political Campaign Communication: Principles and Practices, (6th. Ed.), Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, United States of America.
  • Vural, Z. B. A., Bat, M. (2009). Siyasal Seçim Kampanyalarında Yeni İletişim Teknolojileri ve Blog Kullanımı: 2008 Amerika Başkanlık Seçimlerine Yönelik Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz Journal of Yasar University, 4, (16), 2745-2778.
  • Williams, C. B., Gulati, G. J. J. (2008). What is a Social Network Worth? Facebook and Vote Share in the 2008 Presidential Primaries, Prepared for delivery at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, MA, August 28-31.
  • Williams, C. B., Gulati, G. J. J. (2009). Facebook Grows Up: An Empirical Assessment of its Role in the 2008 Congressional Elections, Prepared for delivery at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL, April 2-5, 2009.
  • -
  • https://www.facebook.com/akparti (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/devletbahceli (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/herkesicinCHP (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014).
  • https://www.facebook.com/K.Kilicdaroglu?fref=ts (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/milliyetcihareketpartisi (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/RecepTayyipErdogan?fref=ts (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014).
  • http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/social%20media (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014).
  • http://paulmiller.typepad.com/thinking_about_the_future/2005/08/thinking_about_.html (Erişim Tarihi: 18.09.2014).
  • http://socialmediatoday.com/mlewis1/977296/politics-gets-social-160-jaw-dropping-facts-about-2012-presidential-election (Erişim Tarihi: 09.11.2012).
  • http://www.statisticbrain.com/social-networking-statistics/ (Erişim Tarihi: 17.10.2014 ).
  • http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2008/11/03/snapshot-of-presidential-candidate-social-networking-stats-nov-2-2008/ (Erişim Tarihi: 25.07.2014 ).
  • http://www.socialbakers.com/blog/38-top-10-countries-on-facebook-in-the-last-six-months, (Erişim Tarihi: 07.01.2015).

SEÇİM KAMPANYALARINDA SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMI: FACEBOOK ve 2014 CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI SEÇİMLERİ

Year 2015, Volume: 14 Issue: 55, 98 - 114, 24.04.2015

Mevlüt Akyol

https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.69431
Cited By: 10

Abstract

Yeni iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerle beraber ortaya çıkan web 2.0 kavramı kullanıcıların kendi içeriklerini üretebildikleri çeşitli sosyal medya ağlarını da gündemimize getirmiştir. Geleneksel medya araçlarındaki tek yönlü iletişim, sosyal medya ile birlikte iki yönlü ve etkileşimli bir iletişim şekline dönüşmüştür. İletişimin yapısını değiştiren, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel çeşitli etkileri olan sosyal medya kavramının etkisini gösterdiği alanlardan biri de siyasal seçim kampanyalarıdır.

Etkileşimli bir içeriği mümkün kılan sosyal medya, siyasal partilerin ve adayların kamuoyuna ve seçmenlere yönelik vaatlerini, imaj ve itibar çalışmalarını içeren seçim kampanyalarının yürütülmesinde kullanılan bir mecra haline gelmiştir. Sosyal medyada yürütülen seçim kampanyaları aracılığıyla partiler ve adaylar metinle, videoyla ya da görsel unsurlarla hem seçmenleri bilgilendirmekte hem de onlarla daha doğrudan bir iletişim kurma fırsatına sahip olmaktadırlar. Diğer yandan, seçmenler, partiyi ve adayı destekleyenler ya da eleştirenler de sosyal medya üzerinden partiye veya adaya yönelik düşüncelerini dile getirerek içerik üretimine katkıda bulunabilmektedirler.

Sosyal medya mecralarından biri olan Facebook’un Ağustos 2014 Türkiye Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerinde adaylar tarafından siyasal kampanya sürecinde nasıl kullanıldığını belirlemeye yönelik olan bu çalışmanın amacı, seçim kampanyası sürecinde Cumhurbaşkanı adaylarından Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ile Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu’nun Facebook kullanım pratiklerini Baxter, Marcella ve Varfis’in (2011) araştırmasından hareketle incelemektir.

Keywords

Seçim Kampanyaları Sosyal Medya Facebook

References

  • Alujevic, L. V. (2012). Political participation and web 2.0 in Europe: A case study of Facebook, Public Relations Review, 38, 466-470.
  • Andersen, K. N., Medaglia, R. (2009). The Use of Facebook in National Election Campaigns: Politics as Usual? Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ePart, Volume: 5694, Springer, 101-111.
  • Aziz, A. (2007). Siyasal İletişim, 2. Baskı, Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Bayraktutan, G. ve ark. (2012). Sosyal Medyada 2011 Genel Seçimleri: Nitel-Nicel Arayüzey İncelemesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Akademik Dergisi, Temmuz, Cilt: 7,Sayı 3, ss: 5-29.
  • Baxter, G., Marcella, R., Varfis, E. (2011). The Use of the Internet by Political Parties and Candidates in Scotland During the 2010 UK General Election Campaign, Aslib Proceedings: New Information Perspectives, Vol. 63, No. 5, 464-483.
  • -
  • Boyd, D. M., Ellison, N. B. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
  • Bronstein, J. (2013). Like me! Analyzing the 2012 Presidential Candidates’ Facebook Pages, Online Information Review, Vol. 37, No. 2, 173-192.
  • Carlisle, J. E., Patron, R. C. (2013). Is Social Media Changing How We Understand Political Engagement? An Analysis of Facebook and the 2008 Presidential Election, Political Research Quarterly, 66, (4) 883–895.
  • Devran, Y. (2003). Siyasal Kampanya Yönetimi: Mesaj, Strateji ve Taktikler, İstanbul: AND Yayınları.
  • Dimitrova, D. V., Shehata, A., Strömbäck, J., Nord, L. W. (2014). The Effects of Digital Media on Political Knowledge and Participation in Election Campaigns: Evidence From Panel Data, Communication Research, 2014, Vol. 41, (1), 95–118.
  • Duman, D., İpekşen, S. S. (2013). Türkiye’de Genel Seçim Kampanyaları (1950-2002), Turkish Studies International Periodical For the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, Volume 8/7, Summer.
  • Fernandes, J., Giurcanu, M., Bowers K. W., Neely, J. C. (2010). The Writing on the Wall: A Content Analysis of College Students' Facebook Groups for the 2008 Presidential Election, Mass Communication and Society, 13:5, 653-675.
  • -
  • Hanson, G., Haridakis, G. H., Cunningham, A. W., Sharma, R., Ponder, J. D. (2010). The 2008 Presidential Campaign: Political Cynicism in the Age of Facebook, MySpace, and YouTube, Mass Communication and Society, 13: 5, 584-607.
  • Kaplan, A. M., Haenlein, M. (2009). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media, Business Horizons, 53, 59-68.
  • Kushin, M. J., Yamamoto, M. (2010). Did Social Media Really Matter? College Students' Use of Online Media and Political Decision Making in the 2008 Election, Mass Communication and Society, 13: 5, 608-630.
  • Lerman, Kristina (2008). Social Information Processing in Social News Aggregation, http://arxiv.org/pdf/cs.cy/0703087.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:12.05.2014 ).
  • Minucci, S., Mascheroni, G. (2010). European Elections in the Italian Web Sphere: Campaigning 2.0, CEU Political Science Journal, Issue: 02, 187-201.
  • Newman, N. (2010). UK election 2010, Mainstream Media and the Role of the Internet: How Social and Digital Media Affected the Business of Politics and Journalism, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Working Paper, July.
  • Okmeydan, Cudi Kaan (2013). Partiler, Sosyal Medyaya İlgisiz, Bilişim Dergisi, Yıl 41, Sayı 157, http://www.bilisimdergisi.org/s157/, Erişim Tarihi: 05.01.2015.
  • Quintelier, E., Vissers, S. (2008). The Effect of Internet Use on Political Participation An Analysis of Survey Results for 16-year-olds in Belgium, Social Science Computer Review 26, 4, 411-427.
  • Skoric, M. M., Kwan, G. (2011). Do Facebook and Video Games Promote Political Participation Among Youth?eJournal of eDemocrasy and Open Government, 3, 1, 70-79.
  • Small, A. T. (2008). The Facebook Effect? Online Campaigning in the 2008 Canadian and US Elections, Policy Options, November, pp:85-87, http://archive.irpp.org/po/archive/nov08/small.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 18.12.2014.
  • Smith, K. N. (2011). Social Media and Political Campaigns, University of Tennessee Honors Thesis Projects.
  • Stieglitz, S., Brockmann, T., Xuan, L. D. (2012). Usage Of Social Media For Political Communication, PACIS 2012 Proceedings, Paper: 22.
  • Sweetser, K. D., Lariscy, R. W. (2008). Candidates Make Good Friends: An Analysis of Candidates' Uses of Facebook, International Journal of Strategic Communication, 2: 3, 175-198.
  • Trent, Judith S. and Friendenberg, Robert V. (2008). Political Campaign Communication: Principles and Practices, (6th. Ed.), Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, United States of America.
  • Vural, Z. B. A., Bat, M. (2009). Siyasal Seçim Kampanyalarında Yeni İletişim Teknolojileri ve Blog Kullanımı: 2008 Amerika Başkanlık Seçimlerine Yönelik Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz Journal of Yasar University, 4, (16), 2745-2778.
  • Williams, C. B., Gulati, G. J. J. (2008). What is a Social Network Worth? Facebook and Vote Share in the 2008 Presidential Primaries, Prepared for delivery at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, MA, August 28-31.
  • Williams, C. B., Gulati, G. J. J. (2009). Facebook Grows Up: An Empirical Assessment of its Role in the 2008 Congressional Elections, Prepared for delivery at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL, April 2-5, 2009.
  • -
  • https://www.facebook.com/akparti (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/devletbahceli (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/herkesicinCHP (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014).
  • https://www.facebook.com/K.Kilicdaroglu?fref=ts (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/milliyetcihareketpartisi (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014 ).
  • https://www.facebook.com/RecepTayyipErdogan?fref=ts (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014).
  • http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/social%20media (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2014).
  • http://paulmiller.typepad.com/thinking_about_the_future/2005/08/thinking_about_.html (Erişim Tarihi: 18.09.2014).
  • http://socialmediatoday.com/mlewis1/977296/politics-gets-social-160-jaw-dropping-facts-about-2012-presidential-election (Erişim Tarihi: 09.11.2012).
  • http://www.statisticbrain.com/social-networking-statistics/ (Erişim Tarihi: 17.10.2014 ).
  • http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2008/11/03/snapshot-of-presidential-candidate-social-networking-stats-nov-2-2008/ (Erişim Tarihi: 25.07.2014 ).
  • http://www.socialbakers.com/blog/38-top-10-countries-on-facebook-in-the-last-six-months, (Erişim Tarihi: 07.01.2015).
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mevlüt Akyol

Publication Date April 24, 2015
Submission Date April 24, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 14 Issue: 55

Cite

APA Akyol, M. (2015). SEÇİM KAMPANYALARINDA SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMI: FACEBOOK ve 2014 CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI SEÇİMLERİ. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(55), 98-114. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.69431

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