PROJE TABANLI SAVUNMA SANAYİNDE PROJE VATANDAŞLIĞI DAVRANIŞINI ÖLÇMEYE YÖNELİK BİR ÖLÇEK

Year 2024, Volume: 23 Issue: 89, 97 - 114, 09.01.2024

Yavuz Korkmazyürek

https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1301176

Abstract

Örgütlerin rekabet edebilirliğine katkıda bulunmak amacıyla, çalışanların görev dışı yararlı davranışları alanındaki araştırmalar ve ölçekler, sosyal bilimcilerin genel olarak üzerinde durdukları konulardır. Ayrıca, günümüzde sayıları sürekli olarak artan örgütler arası proje çalışmaları, Proje Vatandaşlık Davranışı (PVD) için güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçek geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini de ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmamız, madde havuzu oluşturma, ölçek geliştirme, geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlendirme temel aşamalarından oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin tamamına ait Cronbach alfa katsayısı .81 olarak hesaplanmış ve orijinal olarak tasarlanan 4 faktörlü ölçek yapısı, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda doğrulanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, geliştirilen PVD ölçeğinin hem yakınsak geçerliliğe hem de yüksek güvenilirliğe sahip olduğunu ancak kısmen ayırt edici geçerliliği sağladığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, nitel bir araştırma sonucunda yeni kavramsallaştırılan PVD olgusu, ampirik araştırmalarda kullanılabilecek 288 kişilik bir örneklemden çok boyutlu geçerli bir ölçeğe dönüştürülmüştür. Ayrıca bu ölçek sadece hedef kitleyi temsil eden proje çalışanlarına uygulanarak geliştirilmiştir.

Keywords

Proje vatandaşlığı davranışı, Proje yönetimi, Örgütler arası iş birliği, Örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı.

A SCALE FOR MEASURING PROJECT CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR IN PROJECT-BASED DEFENSE INDUSTRY

Abstract

Research and scales on the area of beneficial non task, behavior of employees are the topics that social scientists have generally focused on in order to contribute to the competitiveness of organizations. In addition, the ever-increasing number of inter-organizational project studies today have revealed the necessity of developing a reliable and valid scale for Project Citizenship Behavior (PCB). In this direction, this research consists of the basic stages of creating an item pool, developing a scale, and assessing reliability and validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire scale was calculated as .81, and the originally designed 4-factor scale structure was confirmed as a result of confirmatory factor analysis. These results show that the developed PCB scale has both convergent validity and high reliability, but only partially discriminant validity. In conclusion, the phenomenon of PCB, which has been newly conceptualized as a result of a qualitative research, has been turned into a multidimensional valid scale from a sample of 288 participants that can be used in empirical research. In addition, this scale was developed by applying it only to project employees who represent the target audience.

Keywords

Project citizenship behavior, Project management, Inter-organizational cooperation, Organizational citizenship behavior.

References

• Antony, J., Lizarelli, F. L., Fernandes, M. M., Dempsey, M., Brennan, A., & McFarlane, J. (2019). A study into the reasons for process improvement project failures: results from a pilot survey. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-03-2019-0093
• Basu, E., Pradhan, R. K. & Tewari, H. R. (2017). Impact of organizational citizenship behavior on job performance in Indian healthcare industries. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. 66(6), 780-796. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2016-0048
• Bolino, M. C. (1999). Citizenship and impression management: Good soldiers or good actors? Academy of Management Review, 24, 82-98. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1999.1580442
• Braun, T., Müller-Seitz, G., & Sydow, J. (2012). Project citizenship behavior? - An explorative analysis at the project-network-nexus. Scandinavian Journal of Management, (28), 271-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scaman.2012.05.008
• Braun, T., Ferreira, A. I., & Sydow, J. (2013). Citizenship behavior and effectiveness in temporary organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 31(6), 862- 876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.09.003
• Chen, X. P., Lam, S. K., Schaubroeck, J., & Naumann, S. (2002). Group organizational citizenship behavior: A conceptualization and preliminary test of its antecedents and consequences, In Academy of Management Proceedings (pp. K1-K1). Academy of Management. ISSN: 0896-7911
• Demir, I. (2020). Transformation of the Turkish Defense Industry. Insight Turkey, 22(3), 17- 40. https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2020223.02
• Ferreira, A.I., Braun, T., & Sydow, J. (2013). Citizenship behaviour in project-based organizing: comparing German and Portuguese project managers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 59, 3, 404-430. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.777937
• Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1988). A comparison of several factor matching indices: a simulation study, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 26(2), 323-43. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090910981314
• Guo, S., Wang, X., Fu, L., & Liu, Y. (2019). How individual’s proactive behavior helps construction sustainability: Exploring the effects of project citizenship behavior on project performance. Sustainability (11) 6922, 2 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11246922
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 6): Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River.
• Harrington, D. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. Oxford University Press. He, Z., Wang, G., Chen, H., Zou, Z., Yan, H., & Liu, L. (2022). Measuring the construction project resilience from the perspective of employee behaviors. Buildings, 12(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12010056
• Henderson, A. A., Foster, G. C., Matthews, R. A., & Zickar, M. J. (2020). A psychometric assessment of OCB: Clarifying the distinction between OCB and CWB and developing a revised OCB measure. Journal of Business and Psychology, 35(6), 697-712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-019-09653-8
• Hinkin, T. R. (1995). A review of scale development practices in the study of organizations, Journal of Management, 21(59), 67-88. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639502100509
• Hobday, M. (2000). The project-based organization: An ideal form for managing complex products and systems. Research Policy, 27, 871-893. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048- 7333(00)00110-4
• Hoegl, M., Weinkauf, K., & Gemuenden, H. G. (2004). Interteam coordination, project commitment, and teamwork in Multiteam R&D projects: A longitudinal study. Organization. Science. 15(1), 38-55. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1030.0053
• İlhan, M., & Çetin, B. (2014). LISREL ve AMOS programları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (YEM) analizlerine ilişkin sonuçların karşılaştırılması. Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi, 5(2), 26- 42.
• Karakoç, A. G. D. F. Y., & Dönmez, L. (2014). Ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarında temel ilkeler. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, 13(40), 39-49. https://doi.org/10.25282/ted.228738
• Karyagina, T. D., & Kukhtova, N. V. (2016). M. Davis Empathy Test: Content validity and adaptation in cross-cultural context. Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24(4), 33-61. https://doi:10.17759/cpp.2016240403
• Kidder, D. L. (2002). The influence of gender on the performance of organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Management, 28(5), 629-648. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630202800504
• Korkmazyurek, Y., & Korkmazyurek, H. (2022). The gravity of culture on project citizenship behaviors. Current Psychology, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03849-7
• Lee, K., & Allen, N. J. (2002). Organizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance: The role of affect and cognitions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.131
• Li, Y., Lu, Y., Cui, Q., & Han, Y. (2019). Organizational behavior in megaprojects: Integrative review and directions for future research. Journal of Management in Engineering,35(4), 04019009. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000691
• Phuong, N. N. D. (2021). Organizational citizenship behavior: Scale development and validation. Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Social Sciences, 11(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/0.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.11.1.1904.2021
• Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington books/DC heath and com. 45-48, 94.
• Phuong, N. N. D., & Dong, L. N. T. (2021). Organizational citizenship behavior: Scale development and validation. Social Sciences, 11(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.11.1.1904.2021
• Podsakoff, P. M., & Mackenzie, S. B. (1994). Organizational citizenship behaviors and sales unit effectiveness, Journal of Marketing Researh, 31(3), 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379403100303
• Podsakoff, P. M., & MacKenzie, S. B. (1997). Impact of organizational citizenship behavior on organizational performance: A review and suggestion for future research. Human Performance, 10(2), 133-151. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_5
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(00)00047-7
• Podsakoff, N. P., Podsakoff, P.M., Mackenzie, S. B., Maynes, T. D., Spoelma, T. M. (2014). Consequences of unit-level organizational citizenship behaviors: A review and recommendations for future research, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35, 87- 119. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1911
• Rönkkö, M., & Cho, E. (2022). An updated guideline for assessing discriminant validity. Organizational Research Methods, 25(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428120968614
• Russell, B. (2008). Russell Revisited: Critical Reflections on the Thought of Bertrand Russell. (ed. Swhwerin, A). Cambridge Scholars Publishing, ISBN: 1-84718-494-4
• Shafi, M. Q., Iqbal, R., Shahzad, K., & Unterhitzenberger, C. (2021). The mediating role of project citizenship behavior in the relationship between organizational justice dimensions and project success. Project Management Journal, 52(6), 547-562. https://doi.org/10.1177/87569728211026423
• Sharma, V., & Jain, S. (2014). A scale for measuring organizational citizenship behavior in manufacturing sector. Pacific Business Review International, 6(8), 57-62.
• Skinner, L. R., Autry, C. W., Lamb, C. W. (2009). Some measures of interorganizational citizenship behaviors: Scale development and validation. International Journal of Logistics Management. 22, 228–242. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090910981314
• Smith, C., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 653. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.68.4.653
• Xia, N., Zhong, R., Wang, X., & Tiong, R. (2018). Cross-domain negative effect of work- family conflict on project citizenship behavior: Study on chinese project managers. International Journal of Project management. 36, 512-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2017.11.005
• Xia, N., Ding, S., & Yuan, J. (2022). The impact of a challenging work environment: Do job stressors benefit citizenship behavior of project managers?. International Journal of Project Management, 40(3), 205-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2022.01.007