BibTex RIS Cite

KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 121 - 140, 01.01.2019

Abstract

Karsinogenez hücre içsel ve hücre dışı süreçler, genom instabilitesi, proliferatif anormallik, yeniden programlama, stromal ortam ve anormal farklılaşma dâhil epitelyum ve mezenikmal haller arasında birden çok etkileşiminin sonucudur. İnflamasyonun dikkate değer bir özelliği, tümör oluşumu için gerekli çekirdek hücresel ve moleküler yeteneklerin çoğunu etkinleştirebilme yeteneğine sahiptir. İnflamasyonun neden olduğu kanserin başlıca mekanik prensiplerini anlamak, son araştırmalarda yapılan ilerlemeleri takip etmek önemli görüldüğünden kanser ile ilgili sürecin mevcudiyetine dayanarak geçmiş ve şuandaki durumunun tartışılması gerektiği açıkça görülmektedir. Bu amaçla, bu derlemede kanser oluşumu, gelişimi ve ilerlemesinde inflamasyonun rolü, kanser ve inflamasyon ile ilişkili yolaklar hakkında bilgi vermek hedeflenmiştir.

References

  • [1] Visser KE, Eichten A, Coussens LM. Paradoxical Roles of The Immune System During Cancer Development. Nat Rev Cancer 2006; 6: 24-37.
  • [2] Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S, Sandur SK, Pandey MK, Sethi G. Inflammation and Cancer: How Hot İs the Link?. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72: 1605-21.
  • [3] Medzhitov R. Inflammation: New Adventures of an Old Flame. Cell 2010; 140: 771-76.
  • [4] Coussens LM Werb Z. Inflammation and Cancer. Nature 2002; 420: 860–867.
  • [5] Shacter E, Weitzman SA. Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Oncology 2002; 16: 217–226.
  • [6] Hussain SP, Hofseth LJ, Harris CC. Radical Causes of Cancer, Nat Rev Cancer 2003; 3: 276–285.
  • [7] Fox J.G. Wang TC. Inflammation, Atrophy, and Gastric Cancer. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 60–69.
  • [8] Dobrovolskaia MA, Kozlov SV. Inflammation and cancer: when NF-kappaB amalgamates the perilous partnership. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2005; 5: 325–344.
  • [9] Karin M. Nuclear factor-kappaB in Cancer Development and Progression. Nature 2006; 41: 431–436.
  • [10] Wu S, Rhee KJ, Albesiano E, Rabizadeh S, Wu X, Yen HR, Huso DL, Brancati FL, Wick E, McAllister F, et al. A Human Colonic Commensal Promotes Colon Tumorigenesis Via Activation of T Helper Type 17 T Cell Responses. Nat Med. 2009a; 15: 1016–1022.
  • [11] Waldner MJ, Neurath MF. Colitis-Associated Cancer: The Role of T Cells in Tumor Development. Semin Immunol 2009; 31: 249–256.
  • [12] Punturieri A, Szabo E, Croxton TL, Shapiro SD., Dubinett SM. Lung Cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Needs and Opportunities for İntegrated Research. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009; 101:554–559.
  • [13] Grivennikov SI, Greten FR, Karin M. Immunity, Inflammation, and Cancer. Cell. 2010; 140: 883–899.
  • [14] Rodier F, Coppe´ JP, Patil CK, Hoeijmakers WA, Mun˜ oz D.P, Raza S.R, Freund A, Campeau E, Davalos AR, Campisi J. Persistent DNA Damage Signalling Triggers Senescence-Associated İnflammatory Cytokine Secretion. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 11: 973–979.
  • [15] Zheng L, Dai H, Zhou M, Li M, Singh P, Qiu J, Tsark W, Huang Q, Kernstine K, Zhang X, et al. Fen1 Mutations Result in Autoimmunity, Chronic İnflammation and Cancers. Nat Med 2007; 13: 812–819.
  • [16] Mantovani A, Allavena P. Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-Related İnflammation. Nature. 2008; 454:436–444.
  • [17] Galon J, Costes A, Sanchez-Cabo F, Kirilovsky A, Mlecnik B, Lagorce- Page`s C, Tosolini M, Camus M, Berger A, Wind P, Zinzindohoué F, et al. Type, Density, And Location of Immune Cells Within Human Colorectal Tumors Predict Clinical Outcome. Science 2006; 313:1960–1964.
  • [18] Laghi L, Bianchi P, Miranda E, Balladore E, Pacetti V, Grizzi F, Allavena P, Torri V, Repici A, Santoro A, et al. CD3+ cells at the İnvasivemargin of Deeply Invading (Pt3-T4) Colorectal Cancer and Risk of Post-Surgical Metastasis: A Longitudinal Study, Lancet Oncol 2009; 10: 877–884.
  • [19] Swann JB, Smyth MJ. Immune Surveillance of Tumors. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 1137–1146.
  • [20] Lin WW, Karin M. A cytokine-Mediated Link between İnnate İmmunity, İnflammation, and Cancer. J Clin Invest 2007; 11: 1175–1183.
  • [21] Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A. Cancer-Related İnflammation, The Seventh Hallmark of Cancer: Links To Genetic İnstability. Carcinogenesis. 2009; 30:1073–1081.
  • [22] Chen X, Xu H, Yuan P, Fang F, Huss M, Vega VB, Wong E, Orlov YL, Zhang, W, Jiang, J, et al. Integration of External Signaling Pathwayswith the Core Transcriptional Network in Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell 2008; 133: 1106–1117.
  • [23] Umar S, Sarkar S, Wang Y, Singh P. Functional Cross-Talkbetween Beta-Catenin And Nfkappab Signaling Pathways in Colonic Crypts of Mice in Response to Progastrin. J Biol Chem 2009; 284: 22274–22284.
  • [24] Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1 and İnterleukin-1 Antagonism. Blood. 1991; 77: 1627-1652.
  • [25] Dranoff G. Cytokines in Cancer Pathogenesis and Cancer Therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004;4:11–22.
  • [26] Smyth MJ, Cretney E, Takeda K, Wiltrout RH, Sedger LM, Kayagaki N, Yagita H, Okumura, K. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis- İnducing Ligand (TRAIL) Contributes to İnterferon -Dependent Natural. Killer Cell Protection From Tumor Metastasis J Exp Med. 2001; 193: 661–670.
  • [27] Sparvero LJ, Asafu-Adjei D, Kang R, Tang D, Amin N, Im J, Rutledge R, Lin B, Amoscato AA, Zeh HJ, et al. RAGE (Receptor For Advanced Glycation Endproducts), RAGE Ligands, and Their Role in Cancer and İnflammation. J Transl Med 2009; 7: 17.
  • [28] Ellerman JE, Brown CK, de Vera M, Zeh HJ, Billiar T, Rubartelli A, Lotze MT. Masquerader: High Mobility Group Box-1 and Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13: 2836-48.
  • [29] Brezniceanu ML, Volp K, Bosser S, Solbach C, Lichter P, Joos S, Zörnig M. HMGB1Inhibits Cell Death in Yeast and Mammalian Cells and is Abundantly Expressed in Human Breast Carcinoma. FASEB J 2003; 17: 1295–97.
  • [30] Dostert C, Pe´ trilli V, Van Bruggen R, Steele C, Mossman BT, Tschopp J. Innate Immune Activation Through Nalp3 Inflammasome Sensing of Asbestos and Silica. Science 2008; 320: 674–677.
  • [31] Grosch S, Maier TJ, Schiffmann S, Geisslinger G. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-independent anticarcinogenic effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors. J Natl Cancer Inst Institute 2006; 98: 736-47.
  • [32] Levy L, Hill CS. Alterations in Components of the TGF-Beta Superfamily Signaling Pathways in Human Cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006; 17(1–2): 41–58.
  • [33] Bierie B, Moses HL. TGF-beta and Cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006; 17(1–2): 29–40.
  • [34] Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-Related İnflammation. Nature 2008; 454: 436–444.
  • [35] Biswas SK, Gangi L, Paul S, Schioppa T, Saccani A, Sironi M, Bottazzi B, Doni A, Vincenzo B, Pasqualini F, Vago L, Nebuloni M, Mantovani A, Sica, A. A distinct and Unique Transcriptionalprogram Expressed by Tumor-Associated Macrophages (Defective NF-Kβ and enhanced IRF-3/STAT1 activation). Blood 2006; 107: 2112–2122.
  • [36] Sica A, Saccani A, Bottazzi B, Polentarutti N, Vecchi A., van Damme J, Mantovani A.. Autocrine Production of IL-10 Mediatesdefective IL-12 Production and NF- B Activation in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. J Immunol 2000; 164:762–767.
  • [37] Torroella-Kouri M, Ma X, Perry G, Ivanova M, Cejas PJ, Owen JL, Iragavarapu-Charyulu V, Lopez D.M. Diminished Expression of Transcription Factors Nuclear Factor-Kβ and CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Underlies a Novel Tumor Evasion Mechanism Affecting macrophages of Mammary Tumor-Bearing Mice. Cancer Res. 2005; 65:10578–10584.
  • [38] Sangaletti S, Di Carlo E, Gariboldi S, Miotti S, Cappetti B, Parenza M, Rumio C, Brekken RA, Chiodoni C, Colombo M. P. Macrophage-Derived SPARC Bridges Tumor Cell-Extracellular Matrix İnteractions Toward Metastasis. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 9050–9059.
  • [39] Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. Cell 2011; 144(5): 646-74.
  • [40] Burkhart DL Sage J. Cellular Mechanisms of Tumour Suppression by the Retinoblastoma Gene. Nat Rev Cancer 2008; 8: 671–82.
  • [41] Grivennikov S, Karin E, Terzic J, Mucida D, Yu G.Y, Vallabhapurapu S, Scheller, J, Rose-John S, Cheroutre H, Eckmann L, Karin M. IL-6 and Stat3 are Required For Survival of Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Development of Colitis-Associated Cancer. Cancer Cell 2009; 15: 103–113.
  • [42] Yu H, Pardoll D, Jove R. STATs in Cancer İnflammation Andimmunity: A Leading Role for STAT3. Nat Rev Cancer 2009; 9798–809.
  • [43] Vendramini-Costa DB, Carvalho JE. Molecular link Mechanisms Between Inflammation and Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 18: 3831–52.
  • [44] Gabrilovich DI, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Bronte V. Coordinated Regulation of Myeloid Cells by Tumours. Nat Rev Immunol 2012; 12(4): 253–68.
  • [45] Burnstock G. Purinergic Signalling: Therapeutic Developments. Front Pharmacology. 2017; 8: 1-55.
  • [46] Volonté C, Apolloni S, Skaper S. D, Burnstock G. P2X7 Receptors: Channels, Pores and More, CNS Neurology Disorder. Drug Targets. 2012; 11: 705–721.
  • [47] Stanley ER, Chitu V, CSF-1 Receptor Signaling in Myeloid Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014; 6(6): a021857.
  • [48] Fouad TM, Kogawa T, Reuben J.M, Ueno NT The Role of İnflammation in Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 816: 53-73.
  • [49] Li F, Tiede B, Massagué J. Kang YBeyond tumorigenesis: Cancer Stem Cells in Metastasis. Cell Res. 2007; 17(1): 3–14.
  • [50] Rathore AS, Kumar S, Konwar R, Makker A, Negi MP. Goel MM. CD3+, CD4+ & CD8+ Tumour İnfiltrating Lymphocytes (Tıls) Are Predictors of Favourable Survival Outcome in İnfiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast. Indian J Med Res 2014; 140: 361–369.
  • [51] Shiri S, Alizadeh AM, Baradaran B, Farhanghi B, Shanehbandi D, Khodayari S, Khodayari H, Tavassoli A. Dendrosomal Curcumin Suppresses Metastatic Breast Cancer in Mice by Changing M1/M2macrophage Balance in The Tumor Microenvironment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16: 3917–3922.
  • [52] Zhou N, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Lei Z, Hu R, Li H, Mao Y, Wang X, Irwin DM, Niu G, Tan H. Exposure of Tumor-Associatedmacrophages to Apoptotic MCF-7 Cells Promotes Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16: 11966–11982.
  • [53] Todorovic-Rakovic N, Milovanovic J. Interleukin-8 in Breast Cancer Progression. Interferon Cytokine Res 2013;33:563–570.
  • [54] Chavey C, Bibeau F, Gourgou-Bourgade S, Burlinchon S, Boissière F, Laune D, Roques S Lazennec G. Oestrogen receptor Negative Breast Cancers Exhibit High Cytokine Content. Breast Cancer Research. 2007; 9(1): R15.
  • [55] Van Laere SJ, Van der Auwera I, Van den Eynden GG, van Dam P, Van Marck EA, Vermeulen PB. NF-kappaB Activation in İnflammatory Breast Cancer is Associated With Oestrogen Receptor Downregulation, Secondary to EGFR and/or ErbB2 Overexpression and MAPK Hyperactivation. Br J Cancer. 2007; 97: 659-69.
  • [56] Gauthier ML, Berman HK, Miller C, Kozakeiwicz K, Chew K, Moore D, Rabban J, Chen YY, Kerlikowske K; Tlsty TD. Abrogated Response to Cellular Stress Identifies DCIS Associated with Subsequent Tumor Events and Defines Basal-Like Breast Tumors. Cancer Cell. 2007; 12: 479–91.
  • [57] Sukocheva O, Wadham C, Holmes A, Albanese N, Verrier E, Feng F, Bernal A, Derian CK, Ullrich A, Vadas MA, Xia P. Estrogen Transactivates EGFR Via The Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Edg-3: The Role of Sphingosine Kinase-1. J Cell Biol 2006;173: 301–310.
  • [58] Watson C, Long JS, Orange C, Tannahill CL, Mallon E, McGlynn LM, Pyne S, Pyne NJ, Edwards J. High Expression of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors, S1P1 and S1P3, Sphingosine Kinase 1, and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-1/2 is Associated with Development of Tamoxifen Resistance in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Patient, Am J Clin Pathol 2010; 177: 2205–2215.
  • [59] Drygin D, Ho CB, Omori M, Bliesath J, Proffitt C, Rice R, Siddiqui-Jain A, O'Brien S, Padgett C, Lim JK, Anderes K, Rice W.G, Ryckman D. Protein Kinase CK2 Modulates IL-6 Expression in İnflammatory Breast Cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun Research Communucation 2011; 415: 163-7.
  • [60] Soria G, Ofri-Shahak M, Haas I, Yaal-Hahoshen N, Leider-Trejo L, Leibovich-Rivkin T, Weitzenfeld F, Meshel H, Shabtai E, Gutman M, Ben-Baruch A Inflammatory mediators in breast cancer: Coordinated expression of TNFa & IL-1b with CCL2 & CCL5 and effects on epithelial-tomesenchymal transition. BMC Cancer 2011; 11(130): 1-20.
  • [61] Menke J, Kriegsmann J, Schimanski CC, Schwartz MM, Schwarting A, d Kelley VR. Autocrine CSF-1 and CSF-1 Receptor Coexpression Promotes Renal Cell Carcinoma Growth. Cancer Res 2012; 72(1): 187–200.
  • [62] Park KJ, Krishnan V, O'Malley BW, Yamamoto Y, Gaynor RB. Formation of an IKK-Dependent Transcription Complex is Required for Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Gene Activation. Molecular Cell 2005; 18: 71–82.
  • [63] Zhang W, Tan W, Wu X, Poustovoitov M, Strasner A, Li W, Borcherding N, Ghassemian M, Karin M. A NIK-IKK Module Expands Erbb2-Induced Tumor-İnitiating Cells by Stimulating Nuclear Export Of P27/Kip1. Cancer Cell 2013; 23: 647–659.
  • [64] Sansone P, Storci G, Tavolari S, Guarnieri T, Giovannini C, Taffurelli M, Ceccarelli C, Santini D, Paterini P, Marcu KB, et al. IL-6 Triggers Malignant Features İnmammospheres from Human Ductal Breast Carcinoma and Normal Mammary Gland. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 3988–4002.
  • [65] Hinohara K, Gotoh N. Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Self-Renewing Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2010; 10(6): 650-654.
  • [66] Marotta LL, Almendro V, Marusyk A, Shipitsin M, Schemme J, Walker SR, Bloushtain-Qimron N, Kim JJ, Choudhury SA, Maruyama R, Wu Z, Gönen. et al. The JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway İs Required For Growth Of CD44(+)CD24(-) Stem Cell-Like Breast Cancer cells in Human Tumors. J Clin Invest. 2011; 121:2723–35.
  • [67] Iliopoulos D, Hirsch HA, Wang G, Struhl K. Inducible Formation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Their Dynamic Equilibrium with Non-Stem Cancer Cells Via IL6 Secretio. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:1397–402.
  • [68] Sansone P, Ceccarelli C, Berishaj M, Chang Q, Rajasekhar VK, Perna F, Bowman RL, Vidone M, Daly L, Nnoli J, et al. Self-renewal of CD133(hi) Cells by IL6/Notch3 Signalling Regulates Endocrine Resistance in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 7: 10442.
  • [69] El-Shennawy L, Dubrovskyi O, Kastrati I, Danes JM, Zhang Y, Whiteley HE, Creighton CJ, Frasor J. Coactivation of Estrogen Receptor and IKK-Β Induces A Dormant Metastatic Phenotype in ER-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 78(4): 974-984.
  • [70] Boldbaatar A, Lee S, Han S, Jeon L, Ka HE, Buyanravjıkh S, Lee JH, Lim CS, Lee MS, Yang Y. Eupatolide Inhibits the TGF‑β1‑induced Migration of Breast Cancer Cells Via Downregulation of SMAD3 Phosphorylation and Transcriptional Repression of ALK5. Oncol Lett 2017;14: 6031-6039.
  • [71] Cai X, Cao C, Li J, Chen F, Zhang S, Liu B, Zhang W, Zhang X, Ye L. Inflammatory factor TNF-α promotes the growth of breast cancer via the positive feedback loop of TNFR1/NF-κB (and/or p38)/p-STAT3/HBXIP/TNFR. Oncotarget 2017; 8(35): 58338-58352.
  • [72] Wang X, Reyes ME, Zhang D, Funakoshi Y, Trape AP, Gong Y, Kogawa T, Eckhardt BL, Masuda H, Pirman Jr DA., Yang P, Reuben JM, Woodward WA, Bartholomeusz C, Hortobagyi GN,Tripathy D, Ueno NT. EGFR Signaling Promotes Inflammation and Cancer Stem-Like Activity in Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8(40): 67904-67917.
  • [73] Yang XL, Liu KI, Lin FJ, Shi HM, OU ZL. 2017; CCL28 Promotes Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis through MAPK-Mediated Cellular Anti-Apoptosis and Pro-metastasis. Oncol Rep. 2017; 38:1393-1401.
  • [74] Khan M.W., Saadalla A., Ewida A.H., Al-Katranji K., Al-Saoudi G., T. Giaccone F., Gounari F., Zhang M., Frank D.A., Kahazaie K. (2017). The STAT3 Inhibitor Pyrimethamine Displays Anti-Cancer and İmmune Stimulatory Effects in Murine Models of Breast Cancer. Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy. 1-11.
  • [75] Sohn EJ, Jung DB, Lee H, Han I, Lee J, Lee H, Kim SH. CNOT2 promotes proliferation and angiogenesis via VEGF signaling in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2018; 1(412): 88-98.
  • [76] Standiford TJ, Kuick RT. Bhan U, Chen J, Newstead M, Keshamouni VG. TGF-β-induced IRAK-M Expression in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Regulates Lung Tumor Growth. Oncogene, 2011; 30(21): 2475–2484.
  • [77] Keane MP, Belperio JA, Xue YY, Burdick MD, Strieter RM.. Depletion of CXCR2 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Lung Cancer. J. Immunol 2004; 172: 2853–60.
  • [78] Gao SP, Mark K. G, Leslie K, Pao W, Motoi N, Gerald WL, Travis V.D, Bornmann W,Veach D, Clarkson B, Bromberg JF. Mutations in the EGFR Kinase Domain Mediate STAT3 Activation Via IL-6 Production in Human Lung Adenocarcinomas. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:3846–3856.
  • [79] Sigalov AB. A Novel Ligand-Independent Peptide İnhibitor of TREM-1 Suppresses Tumor Growth in Human Lung Cancer Xenograftsand Prolongs Survival of Mice with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Shock. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21: 208–219.
  • [80] Hiratsuka S, Nakamura K, Iwai S, Murakami M, Itoh T, Kijima H, Shipley JM., Senior RM, Shibuya M. MMP9 induction by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 is İnvolved in Lung-Specific Metastasis. Cancer Cell 2002; 2: 289–300
  • [81] Dang W, Qin Z, Fan S, Wen Q, Lu Y, Wang J, Zhang X. Wei L, He W. Ye Q, Ma J. miR-1207-5p Suppresses Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Targeting CSF1. Oncotarget. 2016; 7(22): 32423- 32432.
  • [82] Hoffmann E, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Holtmann H, Kracht M.;. Multiple Control of Interleukin-8 Gene Expression. J Leukoc Biol. 2002; 72: 847–55.
  • [83] Tang H, Sun Y, Shi Z, Huang H, Fang Z, Chen J. YKL-40. Induces IL-8 Expression From Bronchial Epithelium Via MAPK (JNK And ERK) and NF-Kappab Pathways, Causing Bronchial Smooth Muscle Proliferation and Migration. J Immunol 2013; 190:438–46.
  • [84] Saijo Y, Tanaka M, Miki M, Usui K, Suzuki T, Maemondo M, Hong X, Tazawa R, Kikuchi T, Matsushima K, Nukiwa T. Proinflammatory Cytokine IL-1 Beta Promotes Tumor Growth of Lewis Lung Carcinoma by İnduction of Angiogenic Factors: in vivo Analysis of Tumor-Stromal İnteraction, J Immunol. 2002; 169:469–475.
  • [85] Yiğit M, Değirmencioğlu S,Uğurlu E, Yaren A. Effect Of Serum İnterleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Level on Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecular and Clınıcal Oncology. 2017; 6: 708-712.
  • [86] Che D, Zhang S, Jing Z, Shang L, Jin S, Liu F, Shen J, Li Y, Hu J, Meng Q, Yu Y. Macrophages induce EMT to Promote İnvasion of Lung Cancer Cells through the Il-6-Mediated Cox-2/Pge2/Β-Catenin Signalling Pathway. Mol. Immunol 2017; 90: 197-210.
  • [87] Shang G.S, Lıu L, Qin YW. Il-6 and Tnf-Α Promote Metastasis of Lung Cancer by inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Oncol Lett. 2017; 13: 4657-4660.
  • [88] Beg AA, Sha WC, Bronson RT, Ghosh S, Baltimore D. Embryonic Lethality and Liver Degeneration İn Mice Lacking the Rela Component of NF-κB. Nature 1995; 376: 167-170.
  • [89] Choudhari SR, Khan MA, Haris G, Picker D, Jacob GS, Block T, Shailubhai K. Deactivation of Akt and STAT3 Signaling Promotesapoptosis, Inhibits Proliferation, and Enhances The Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells To an Anticancer Agent. Atiprimod Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6: 112-121.
  • [90] Khanal T, Choi K, Leung YK, Wang J, Kim D, Janakiram V, Cho SK, Puga A, Ho SM, Kim K. Loss of NR2E3 Represses AHR By LSD1 Reprogramming, is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Liver Cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 1-16.
  • [91] Wu J, Li J, Salcedo R, Mivechi NF, Trinchieri G, Horuzsko A. The Proinflammatory Myeloid Cell Receptor Trem-1 Controls Kupffer Cell Activation and Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Res 2012; 72: 3977–3986.
  • [92] Koppe C, Verheugd P, Gautheron J. Reisinger F, Kreggenwinkel K, Roderburg C, Quagliata, L, Terracciano L, Gassler N, Tolba RH, et al. IKB Kinaseα/Β Control Biliary Homeostasis and hepato carcinogenesis in Mice by Phosphorylating The Cell-Death Mediator Receptor-İnteracting Protein Kinase 1, Hepatology 2016; 64: 1217–1231.
  • [93] Sakurai T, Maeda S.,Chang L, Karin M.. Loss of Hepatic NF-B Activity Enhances Chemical Hepatocarcinogenesis through Sustained C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1 Activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:10544–10551.
  • [94] Li X.F., Chen C.1., Xiang D.M., Qu L., Sun W., Lu X.Y., Zhou T.F., Chen S.Z., Ning B.F., Cheng Z., Xia M.Y., Shen W.F., Yang W., Wen W., Lee T.K.W., Cong W.M., Wang H.Y., and Ding J. (2017). Chronic İnflammation-Elicited Liver Progenitor Cell Conversion to Liver Cancer Stem Cell with Clinical Significance, Hepatology, volume:66,issue:6,pp:1934-1951.
  • [95] Luo JL, Maeda S, Hsu LC, Yagita H, Karin M. Inhibition of NF-KB in Cancer Cells Converts İnflammation Induced Tumor Growth Mediated by Tnfα to TRAIL-mediated Tumor Regression. Cancer Cell 2004; 6 :297-305.
  • [96 Bolirath J, Phesse TJ, Burstin VA, Putoczki T, Bennecke M, Bateman T, Nebelsiek T, Lundgren-May T, Canli Ö, et al. gp130-Mediated Stat3 Activation in Enterocytes Regulates Cell Survival and Cell-Cycle Progression during Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell 2009; 15 :91–102.
  • [97] Liang J, Nagahashi M, Kim EY, Harikumar KB, Yamada A, Huang WC, Hait J, Allegood JC, Price MM, Avni Det al. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Links Persistent STAT3 Activation, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation, and Development of Colitis-Associated Cancer Cancer. Cell 2013; 23: 107–120.
  • [98] Sauer L, Ztsset D, Rihs S, Mager L, Gusberti M, Simillion C, Lugli A, Zlobec I, Krebs P, Mueller C. TREM-1 Promotes Intestinal Tumorigenesis. Scı Rep 2017; 7: 1-12.
  • [99] Geng R, Tan X, Wu J, Pan Z, Yi M, Shi W, Liu R, Yao C, Wang G, Lin J, Oiu L, Huang W, Chen S. RNF183 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells Via Activation Of NF-Jb-IL-8 Axis. Cell Death and Dis 2017; 8: e2994.
  • [100] Ling J, Kang Y, Zhao R, Xia Q, Lee DF. Chang Z, Li J, Peng B, Fleming JB, Wang H, Liu J, Lemischka IR, Hung MC, Chiao PJ.. KrasG12D-induced IKK2/beta/NF-Kappab Activation By IL-1alphaand P62 Feedforward Loops is Required for Development of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell 2017; 21(1): 105-20.
  • [101] Huang H, Daniluk J. Liu Y, Chu J, Li Z, Ji B, Logsdon CD6. Oncogenic K-Ras Requires Activation for Enhanced activity. Oncogene 2014; 33(4): 532–5.
  • [102] Daniluk J, Liu Y, Deng D, Chu J, Huang H, Gaiser S, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Wang H, Ji B, Logsdon CD. An NF-Kappab Pathway-Mediated Positive Feedback Loop Amplifies Ras Activity to Pathological Levels in Mice. J Clin Invest 2012; 122(4): 1519-1528.
  • [103] Bayne LJ., Beatty GL, Jhale N, Clark CE, Rhim AD. Stanger B.Z. Tumor-Derived Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Regulates Myeloid Inflammation and T Cell Immunity in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Cell 2012; 21: 822–835.
  • [104 Qi Q, Zhuang L, Shen Y, Geng Y, Yu S, Chen H, Liu L, Meng Z, Wang P, Chen Z.; A Novel Systemic İnflammation Response Index (SIRI) For Predicting The Survival of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer After Chemotherapy. Cancer 2016; 122: 2158–2167.
  • [105] Giannuzzo A, Saccomano M, Napp J, Ellegaard M, Alves F, Novak I.. Targeting of the P2X7 Receptor in Pancreatic Cancer and Stellate Cells. International J. Cancer 2016; 139: 2540–2552.
  • [106] Fukuda A Wang SC, Morris JP, Folias A.E., Liou A., Kim G.E., Akira S., Boucher K.M., Firpo M.A., Mulvihill S.J., and Hebrok M. Stat3 and MMP7 Contribute to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma İnitiation and Progression. Cancer Cell 2011; 9: 441–455.
  • [107] Ernst M, Najdovska M, Grail D, Lundgren-May T, Buchert M, Tye H, Matthews VB, Armes J, Bhathal PS, Hughes NR, Marcusson EG, Karras JG, Na S, Sedgwick JD, Hertzog PJ, Jenkins .J. STAT3 and STAT1 Mediate IL-11–dependent and Inflammation-associated Gastric Tumorigenesis in gp130 Receptor Mutant Mice. J Clin Invest 2008; 8:1727–1738.
  • [108] Saıto M, Okayama H, Saıto K, Ando J, Kumamoto K, Nakamura I, Ohki S, Ishı Y, Takenoshıta S. CDX2 is Involved in microRNA‑Associated Inflammatory Carcinogenesis in Gastric Cancer. Oncology Lett 2017; 14: 184-6190.
  • [109] Catlett-Falcone R, Landowski TH, Oshiro MM Turkson J, Levitzki A, Savino R, Ciliberto G, Moscinski L, Fernández-Luna JL, Nuñez G, et al. Constitutive Activation of Stat3 Signaling Confers Resistance to Apoptosis In Human U266 Myeloma Cells. Immunity 1999; 105–15.
  • [110] Hideshima T, Nakamura N, Chauhan D, Anderson KC. Biologic Sequelae of İnterleukin-6 İnduced PI3-K/Akt Signaling in Multiple Myeloma. Oncogene. 2001; 20: 5991–5600.
  • [111] Brocke-Heidrich K, Kretzschmar AK, Pfeifer G, Henze C, Löffler D, Koczan D, Thiesen HJ, Burger R, Gramatzki M, Horn F.. Interleukin-6-Dependent Gene Expression Profiles Inmultiple Myeloma INA-6 Cells Reveal A Bcl-2 Family independentsurvival Pathway Closely Associated With Stat3 Activation. Blood 2004; 103: 242–51.
  • [112] Puthier D, Bataille R, Amiot M. IL-6 Up-regulates Mcl-1 İn Human Myeloma Cells through JAK/STAT Ratherthan Ras/MAP Kinase Pathway. Eur J Immunol 1999; 29: 3 945-50.
  • [113] Hu L, Shi Y, Hsu JH, Gera J, Van Ness B, Lichtenstein A. Downstream Effectors of Oncogenic Ras in Multiple Myeloma Cells. Blood 2003; 101: 3126–35.
  • [114] Rayet B, Gélinas C. Aberrant Rel/Nfkb Genes and Activity in Human Cancer. Oncogene. 1999; 18: 6938–6947.
  • [115] Rao PH, Houldsworth J, Dyomina K, Parsa NZ, Cigudosa JC, Louie DC, Popplewell L, Offit K, Jhanwar SC, Chaganti R.S. Chromosomal and Geneamplification in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Blood 1998; 92: 234–240.
  • [116] Ohno H, Takimoto G, McKeithan TW. The Candidate Proto-Oncogene Bcl-3 is Related To Genes İmplicated in Cell Lineage Determination and Cell Cycle Control. Cell 1990; 60: 991–997.
  • [117] Barth TF, Döhner H, Werner CA, Stilgenbauer S, Schlotter M, Pawlita M, Lichter P, Möller P, Bentz M. Characteristic Pattern of Chromosomal Gainsand Losses in Primary Large B-Cell Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinaltract. Blood 1998; 91: 321–4330.
  • [118] Seo H, Cho YC, Ju A, Lee S, Park BC, Park SG, Kim JH, Kim K, Cho S.. Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 5 Acts As an Anti-İnflammatory Regülatör by Inhibiting The ERK and NF-Κb Signaling Pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7(17348): 1-11.
  • [119] Puente X.S., Pinyol M., Quesada, V., Conde L., Ordóñez G.R., Villamor N., Escaramis, G. Jares, P., Beà, S., González-Díaz M. et al. Whole-Genome Sequencing İdentifies Recurrent Mutations İn Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. Nature 2011; 475:101–105.
  • [120] Kordes U, Krappmann D, Heissmeyer V. Ludwig WD, Scheidereit C. Transcription Factor NF-Kβ is Constitutively Activated in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells. Leukemia 2000; 14: 399-402.
  • [121] Leong PL, Andrews GA, Johnson DE, Dyer KF, Xi S, Mai CF, Robbins PD, Gadiparthi S, Burke NA, Watkin SF, Grandis J.R. Targeted İnhibition Of Stat3 with a Decoy Oligonucleotide Abrogates Head and Neck Cancer Cell Growth. PNAS. 2003;100(7): 4138–4143.
  • [122 Joki T, Heese O, Nikas DC, Bello L, Zhang J, Kraeft SK. Seyfried NT, Abe T, Chen LB, Carroll RS. Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in Human Glioma and in Vitro İnhibitionbBy A Specific COX-2 İnhibitor NS-398. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 4926–493.
  • [123] Rainov NG. Heidecke V.. Long Term Survival in a Patient with Recurrent Malignant Glioma Treated with Intratumoral Infusion of an IL4-Targeted Toxin (NBI-3001). J Neurooncol 2004; 66: 197–201.
  • [124] Erez N, Truitt M, Olson P, Hanahan D. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Are Activated in Incipient Neoplasia to Orchestrate Tumor-Promoting Inflammation in an NF-kB-Dependent Manner Cancer. Cell 2010; 17: 135–147.
  • [125] Liu B, Xia X, Zhu F, Park, E, Carbajal S, Kiguchi K, DiGiovanni J, Fischer SM, and Hu Y. IKK is Required to Maintain Skin Homeostasis and Prevent Skin Cancer. Cancer Cell 2008; 14: 212–225.
  • [126] Courau T, Nehar-Belaid D, Florez D, Lavacher B, Vazquez T, Brimaud F, Bellier B, Klatzmann D. TGF-β and VEGF Cooperatively Control the Immunotolerant Tumor Environment and the Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapies. JCI Insight 2016; 1(9): e85974.
Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 121 - 140, 01.01.2019

Abstract

References

  • [1] Visser KE, Eichten A, Coussens LM. Paradoxical Roles of The Immune System During Cancer Development. Nat Rev Cancer 2006; 6: 24-37.
  • [2] Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S, Sandur SK, Pandey MK, Sethi G. Inflammation and Cancer: How Hot İs the Link?. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72: 1605-21.
  • [3] Medzhitov R. Inflammation: New Adventures of an Old Flame. Cell 2010; 140: 771-76.
  • [4] Coussens LM Werb Z. Inflammation and Cancer. Nature 2002; 420: 860–867.
  • [5] Shacter E, Weitzman SA. Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Oncology 2002; 16: 217–226.
  • [6] Hussain SP, Hofseth LJ, Harris CC. Radical Causes of Cancer, Nat Rev Cancer 2003; 3: 276–285.
  • [7] Fox J.G. Wang TC. Inflammation, Atrophy, and Gastric Cancer. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 60–69.
  • [8] Dobrovolskaia MA, Kozlov SV. Inflammation and cancer: when NF-kappaB amalgamates the perilous partnership. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2005; 5: 325–344.
  • [9] Karin M. Nuclear factor-kappaB in Cancer Development and Progression. Nature 2006; 41: 431–436.
  • [10] Wu S, Rhee KJ, Albesiano E, Rabizadeh S, Wu X, Yen HR, Huso DL, Brancati FL, Wick E, McAllister F, et al. A Human Colonic Commensal Promotes Colon Tumorigenesis Via Activation of T Helper Type 17 T Cell Responses. Nat Med. 2009a; 15: 1016–1022.
  • [11] Waldner MJ, Neurath MF. Colitis-Associated Cancer: The Role of T Cells in Tumor Development. Semin Immunol 2009; 31: 249–256.
  • [12] Punturieri A, Szabo E, Croxton TL, Shapiro SD., Dubinett SM. Lung Cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Needs and Opportunities for İntegrated Research. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009; 101:554–559.
  • [13] Grivennikov SI, Greten FR, Karin M. Immunity, Inflammation, and Cancer. Cell. 2010; 140: 883–899.
  • [14] Rodier F, Coppe´ JP, Patil CK, Hoeijmakers WA, Mun˜ oz D.P, Raza S.R, Freund A, Campeau E, Davalos AR, Campisi J. Persistent DNA Damage Signalling Triggers Senescence-Associated İnflammatory Cytokine Secretion. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 11: 973–979.
  • [15] Zheng L, Dai H, Zhou M, Li M, Singh P, Qiu J, Tsark W, Huang Q, Kernstine K, Zhang X, et al. Fen1 Mutations Result in Autoimmunity, Chronic İnflammation and Cancers. Nat Med 2007; 13: 812–819.
  • [16] Mantovani A, Allavena P. Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-Related İnflammation. Nature. 2008; 454:436–444.
  • [17] Galon J, Costes A, Sanchez-Cabo F, Kirilovsky A, Mlecnik B, Lagorce- Page`s C, Tosolini M, Camus M, Berger A, Wind P, Zinzindohoué F, et al. Type, Density, And Location of Immune Cells Within Human Colorectal Tumors Predict Clinical Outcome. Science 2006; 313:1960–1964.
  • [18] Laghi L, Bianchi P, Miranda E, Balladore E, Pacetti V, Grizzi F, Allavena P, Torri V, Repici A, Santoro A, et al. CD3+ cells at the İnvasivemargin of Deeply Invading (Pt3-T4) Colorectal Cancer and Risk of Post-Surgical Metastasis: A Longitudinal Study, Lancet Oncol 2009; 10: 877–884.
  • [19] Swann JB, Smyth MJ. Immune Surveillance of Tumors. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 1137–1146.
  • [20] Lin WW, Karin M. A cytokine-Mediated Link between İnnate İmmunity, İnflammation, and Cancer. J Clin Invest 2007; 11: 1175–1183.
  • [21] Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A. Cancer-Related İnflammation, The Seventh Hallmark of Cancer: Links To Genetic İnstability. Carcinogenesis. 2009; 30:1073–1081.
  • [22] Chen X, Xu H, Yuan P, Fang F, Huss M, Vega VB, Wong E, Orlov YL, Zhang, W, Jiang, J, et al. Integration of External Signaling Pathwayswith the Core Transcriptional Network in Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell 2008; 133: 1106–1117.
  • [23] Umar S, Sarkar S, Wang Y, Singh P. Functional Cross-Talkbetween Beta-Catenin And Nfkappab Signaling Pathways in Colonic Crypts of Mice in Response to Progastrin. J Biol Chem 2009; 284: 22274–22284.
  • [24] Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1 and İnterleukin-1 Antagonism. Blood. 1991; 77: 1627-1652.
  • [25] Dranoff G. Cytokines in Cancer Pathogenesis and Cancer Therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004;4:11–22.
  • [26] Smyth MJ, Cretney E, Takeda K, Wiltrout RH, Sedger LM, Kayagaki N, Yagita H, Okumura, K. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis- İnducing Ligand (TRAIL) Contributes to İnterferon -Dependent Natural. Killer Cell Protection From Tumor Metastasis J Exp Med. 2001; 193: 661–670.
  • [27] Sparvero LJ, Asafu-Adjei D, Kang R, Tang D, Amin N, Im J, Rutledge R, Lin B, Amoscato AA, Zeh HJ, et al. RAGE (Receptor For Advanced Glycation Endproducts), RAGE Ligands, and Their Role in Cancer and İnflammation. J Transl Med 2009; 7: 17.
  • [28] Ellerman JE, Brown CK, de Vera M, Zeh HJ, Billiar T, Rubartelli A, Lotze MT. Masquerader: High Mobility Group Box-1 and Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13: 2836-48.
  • [29] Brezniceanu ML, Volp K, Bosser S, Solbach C, Lichter P, Joos S, Zörnig M. HMGB1Inhibits Cell Death in Yeast and Mammalian Cells and is Abundantly Expressed in Human Breast Carcinoma. FASEB J 2003; 17: 1295–97.
  • [30] Dostert C, Pe´ trilli V, Van Bruggen R, Steele C, Mossman BT, Tschopp J. Innate Immune Activation Through Nalp3 Inflammasome Sensing of Asbestos and Silica. Science 2008; 320: 674–677.
  • [31] Grosch S, Maier TJ, Schiffmann S, Geisslinger G. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-independent anticarcinogenic effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors. J Natl Cancer Inst Institute 2006; 98: 736-47.
  • [32] Levy L, Hill CS. Alterations in Components of the TGF-Beta Superfamily Signaling Pathways in Human Cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006; 17(1–2): 41–58.
  • [33] Bierie B, Moses HL. TGF-beta and Cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006; 17(1–2): 29–40.
  • [34] Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-Related İnflammation. Nature 2008; 454: 436–444.
  • [35] Biswas SK, Gangi L, Paul S, Schioppa T, Saccani A, Sironi M, Bottazzi B, Doni A, Vincenzo B, Pasqualini F, Vago L, Nebuloni M, Mantovani A, Sica, A. A distinct and Unique Transcriptionalprogram Expressed by Tumor-Associated Macrophages (Defective NF-Kβ and enhanced IRF-3/STAT1 activation). Blood 2006; 107: 2112–2122.
  • [36] Sica A, Saccani A, Bottazzi B, Polentarutti N, Vecchi A., van Damme J, Mantovani A.. Autocrine Production of IL-10 Mediatesdefective IL-12 Production and NF- B Activation in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. J Immunol 2000; 164:762–767.
  • [37] Torroella-Kouri M, Ma X, Perry G, Ivanova M, Cejas PJ, Owen JL, Iragavarapu-Charyulu V, Lopez D.M. Diminished Expression of Transcription Factors Nuclear Factor-Kβ and CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Underlies a Novel Tumor Evasion Mechanism Affecting macrophages of Mammary Tumor-Bearing Mice. Cancer Res. 2005; 65:10578–10584.
  • [38] Sangaletti S, Di Carlo E, Gariboldi S, Miotti S, Cappetti B, Parenza M, Rumio C, Brekken RA, Chiodoni C, Colombo M. P. Macrophage-Derived SPARC Bridges Tumor Cell-Extracellular Matrix İnteractions Toward Metastasis. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 9050–9059.
  • [39] Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. Cell 2011; 144(5): 646-74.
  • [40] Burkhart DL Sage J. Cellular Mechanisms of Tumour Suppression by the Retinoblastoma Gene. Nat Rev Cancer 2008; 8: 671–82.
  • [41] Grivennikov S, Karin E, Terzic J, Mucida D, Yu G.Y, Vallabhapurapu S, Scheller, J, Rose-John S, Cheroutre H, Eckmann L, Karin M. IL-6 and Stat3 are Required For Survival of Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Development of Colitis-Associated Cancer. Cancer Cell 2009; 15: 103–113.
  • [42] Yu H, Pardoll D, Jove R. STATs in Cancer İnflammation Andimmunity: A Leading Role for STAT3. Nat Rev Cancer 2009; 9798–809.
  • [43] Vendramini-Costa DB, Carvalho JE. Molecular link Mechanisms Between Inflammation and Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 18: 3831–52.
  • [44] Gabrilovich DI, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Bronte V. Coordinated Regulation of Myeloid Cells by Tumours. Nat Rev Immunol 2012; 12(4): 253–68.
  • [45] Burnstock G. Purinergic Signalling: Therapeutic Developments. Front Pharmacology. 2017; 8: 1-55.
  • [46] Volonté C, Apolloni S, Skaper S. D, Burnstock G. P2X7 Receptors: Channels, Pores and More, CNS Neurology Disorder. Drug Targets. 2012; 11: 705–721.
  • [47] Stanley ER, Chitu V, CSF-1 Receptor Signaling in Myeloid Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014; 6(6): a021857.
  • [48] Fouad TM, Kogawa T, Reuben J.M, Ueno NT The Role of İnflammation in Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 816: 53-73.
  • [49] Li F, Tiede B, Massagué J. Kang YBeyond tumorigenesis: Cancer Stem Cells in Metastasis. Cell Res. 2007; 17(1): 3–14.
  • [50] Rathore AS, Kumar S, Konwar R, Makker A, Negi MP. Goel MM. CD3+, CD4+ & CD8+ Tumour İnfiltrating Lymphocytes (Tıls) Are Predictors of Favourable Survival Outcome in İnfiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast. Indian J Med Res 2014; 140: 361–369.
  • [51] Shiri S, Alizadeh AM, Baradaran B, Farhanghi B, Shanehbandi D, Khodayari S, Khodayari H, Tavassoli A. Dendrosomal Curcumin Suppresses Metastatic Breast Cancer in Mice by Changing M1/M2macrophage Balance in The Tumor Microenvironment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16: 3917–3922.
  • [52] Zhou N, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Lei Z, Hu R, Li H, Mao Y, Wang X, Irwin DM, Niu G, Tan H. Exposure of Tumor-Associatedmacrophages to Apoptotic MCF-7 Cells Promotes Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16: 11966–11982.
  • [53] Todorovic-Rakovic N, Milovanovic J. Interleukin-8 in Breast Cancer Progression. Interferon Cytokine Res 2013;33:563–570.
  • [54] Chavey C, Bibeau F, Gourgou-Bourgade S, Burlinchon S, Boissière F, Laune D, Roques S Lazennec G. Oestrogen receptor Negative Breast Cancers Exhibit High Cytokine Content. Breast Cancer Research. 2007; 9(1): R15.
  • [55] Van Laere SJ, Van der Auwera I, Van den Eynden GG, van Dam P, Van Marck EA, Vermeulen PB. NF-kappaB Activation in İnflammatory Breast Cancer is Associated With Oestrogen Receptor Downregulation, Secondary to EGFR and/or ErbB2 Overexpression and MAPK Hyperactivation. Br J Cancer. 2007; 97: 659-69.
  • [56] Gauthier ML, Berman HK, Miller C, Kozakeiwicz K, Chew K, Moore D, Rabban J, Chen YY, Kerlikowske K; Tlsty TD. Abrogated Response to Cellular Stress Identifies DCIS Associated with Subsequent Tumor Events and Defines Basal-Like Breast Tumors. Cancer Cell. 2007; 12: 479–91.
  • [57] Sukocheva O, Wadham C, Holmes A, Albanese N, Verrier E, Feng F, Bernal A, Derian CK, Ullrich A, Vadas MA, Xia P. Estrogen Transactivates EGFR Via The Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Edg-3: The Role of Sphingosine Kinase-1. J Cell Biol 2006;173: 301–310.
  • [58] Watson C, Long JS, Orange C, Tannahill CL, Mallon E, McGlynn LM, Pyne S, Pyne NJ, Edwards J. High Expression of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors, S1P1 and S1P3, Sphingosine Kinase 1, and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-1/2 is Associated with Development of Tamoxifen Resistance in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Patient, Am J Clin Pathol 2010; 177: 2205–2215.
  • [59] Drygin D, Ho CB, Omori M, Bliesath J, Proffitt C, Rice R, Siddiqui-Jain A, O'Brien S, Padgett C, Lim JK, Anderes K, Rice W.G, Ryckman D. Protein Kinase CK2 Modulates IL-6 Expression in İnflammatory Breast Cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun Research Communucation 2011; 415: 163-7.
  • [60] Soria G, Ofri-Shahak M, Haas I, Yaal-Hahoshen N, Leider-Trejo L, Leibovich-Rivkin T, Weitzenfeld F, Meshel H, Shabtai E, Gutman M, Ben-Baruch A Inflammatory mediators in breast cancer: Coordinated expression of TNFa & IL-1b with CCL2 & CCL5 and effects on epithelial-tomesenchymal transition. BMC Cancer 2011; 11(130): 1-20.
  • [61] Menke J, Kriegsmann J, Schimanski CC, Schwartz MM, Schwarting A, d Kelley VR. Autocrine CSF-1 and CSF-1 Receptor Coexpression Promotes Renal Cell Carcinoma Growth. Cancer Res 2012; 72(1): 187–200.
  • [62] Park KJ, Krishnan V, O'Malley BW, Yamamoto Y, Gaynor RB. Formation of an IKK-Dependent Transcription Complex is Required for Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Gene Activation. Molecular Cell 2005; 18: 71–82.
  • [63] Zhang W, Tan W, Wu X, Poustovoitov M, Strasner A, Li W, Borcherding N, Ghassemian M, Karin M. A NIK-IKK Module Expands Erbb2-Induced Tumor-İnitiating Cells by Stimulating Nuclear Export Of P27/Kip1. Cancer Cell 2013; 23: 647–659.
  • [64] Sansone P, Storci G, Tavolari S, Guarnieri T, Giovannini C, Taffurelli M, Ceccarelli C, Santini D, Paterini P, Marcu KB, et al. IL-6 Triggers Malignant Features İnmammospheres from Human Ductal Breast Carcinoma and Normal Mammary Gland. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 3988–4002.
  • [65] Hinohara K, Gotoh N. Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Self-Renewing Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2010; 10(6): 650-654.
  • [66] Marotta LL, Almendro V, Marusyk A, Shipitsin M, Schemme J, Walker SR, Bloushtain-Qimron N, Kim JJ, Choudhury SA, Maruyama R, Wu Z, Gönen. et al. The JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway İs Required For Growth Of CD44(+)CD24(-) Stem Cell-Like Breast Cancer cells in Human Tumors. J Clin Invest. 2011; 121:2723–35.
  • [67] Iliopoulos D, Hirsch HA, Wang G, Struhl K. Inducible Formation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Their Dynamic Equilibrium with Non-Stem Cancer Cells Via IL6 Secretio. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:1397–402.
  • [68] Sansone P, Ceccarelli C, Berishaj M, Chang Q, Rajasekhar VK, Perna F, Bowman RL, Vidone M, Daly L, Nnoli J, et al. Self-renewal of CD133(hi) Cells by IL6/Notch3 Signalling Regulates Endocrine Resistance in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 7: 10442.
  • [69] El-Shennawy L, Dubrovskyi O, Kastrati I, Danes JM, Zhang Y, Whiteley HE, Creighton CJ, Frasor J. Coactivation of Estrogen Receptor and IKK-Β Induces A Dormant Metastatic Phenotype in ER-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 78(4): 974-984.
  • [70] Boldbaatar A, Lee S, Han S, Jeon L, Ka HE, Buyanravjıkh S, Lee JH, Lim CS, Lee MS, Yang Y. Eupatolide Inhibits the TGF‑β1‑induced Migration of Breast Cancer Cells Via Downregulation of SMAD3 Phosphorylation and Transcriptional Repression of ALK5. Oncol Lett 2017;14: 6031-6039.
  • [71] Cai X, Cao C, Li J, Chen F, Zhang S, Liu B, Zhang W, Zhang X, Ye L. Inflammatory factor TNF-α promotes the growth of breast cancer via the positive feedback loop of TNFR1/NF-κB (and/or p38)/p-STAT3/HBXIP/TNFR. Oncotarget 2017; 8(35): 58338-58352.
  • [72] Wang X, Reyes ME, Zhang D, Funakoshi Y, Trape AP, Gong Y, Kogawa T, Eckhardt BL, Masuda H, Pirman Jr DA., Yang P, Reuben JM, Woodward WA, Bartholomeusz C, Hortobagyi GN,Tripathy D, Ueno NT. EGFR Signaling Promotes Inflammation and Cancer Stem-Like Activity in Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8(40): 67904-67917.
  • [73] Yang XL, Liu KI, Lin FJ, Shi HM, OU ZL. 2017; CCL28 Promotes Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis through MAPK-Mediated Cellular Anti-Apoptosis and Pro-metastasis. Oncol Rep. 2017; 38:1393-1401.
  • [74] Khan M.W., Saadalla A., Ewida A.H., Al-Katranji K., Al-Saoudi G., T. Giaccone F., Gounari F., Zhang M., Frank D.A., Kahazaie K. (2017). The STAT3 Inhibitor Pyrimethamine Displays Anti-Cancer and İmmune Stimulatory Effects in Murine Models of Breast Cancer. Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy. 1-11.
  • [75] Sohn EJ, Jung DB, Lee H, Han I, Lee J, Lee H, Kim SH. CNOT2 promotes proliferation and angiogenesis via VEGF signaling in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2018; 1(412): 88-98.
  • [76] Standiford TJ, Kuick RT. Bhan U, Chen J, Newstead M, Keshamouni VG. TGF-β-induced IRAK-M Expression in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Regulates Lung Tumor Growth. Oncogene, 2011; 30(21): 2475–2484.
  • [77] Keane MP, Belperio JA, Xue YY, Burdick MD, Strieter RM.. Depletion of CXCR2 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Lung Cancer. J. Immunol 2004; 172: 2853–60.
  • [78] Gao SP, Mark K. G, Leslie K, Pao W, Motoi N, Gerald WL, Travis V.D, Bornmann W,Veach D, Clarkson B, Bromberg JF. Mutations in the EGFR Kinase Domain Mediate STAT3 Activation Via IL-6 Production in Human Lung Adenocarcinomas. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:3846–3856.
  • [79] Sigalov AB. A Novel Ligand-Independent Peptide İnhibitor of TREM-1 Suppresses Tumor Growth in Human Lung Cancer Xenograftsand Prolongs Survival of Mice with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Shock. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21: 208–219.
  • [80] Hiratsuka S, Nakamura K, Iwai S, Murakami M, Itoh T, Kijima H, Shipley JM., Senior RM, Shibuya M. MMP9 induction by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 is İnvolved in Lung-Specific Metastasis. Cancer Cell 2002; 2: 289–300
  • [81] Dang W, Qin Z, Fan S, Wen Q, Lu Y, Wang J, Zhang X. Wei L, He W. Ye Q, Ma J. miR-1207-5p Suppresses Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Targeting CSF1. Oncotarget. 2016; 7(22): 32423- 32432.
  • [82] Hoffmann E, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Holtmann H, Kracht M.;. Multiple Control of Interleukin-8 Gene Expression. J Leukoc Biol. 2002; 72: 847–55.
  • [83] Tang H, Sun Y, Shi Z, Huang H, Fang Z, Chen J. YKL-40. Induces IL-8 Expression From Bronchial Epithelium Via MAPK (JNK And ERK) and NF-Kappab Pathways, Causing Bronchial Smooth Muscle Proliferation and Migration. J Immunol 2013; 190:438–46.
  • [84] Saijo Y, Tanaka M, Miki M, Usui K, Suzuki T, Maemondo M, Hong X, Tazawa R, Kikuchi T, Matsushima K, Nukiwa T. Proinflammatory Cytokine IL-1 Beta Promotes Tumor Growth of Lewis Lung Carcinoma by İnduction of Angiogenic Factors: in vivo Analysis of Tumor-Stromal İnteraction, J Immunol. 2002; 169:469–475.
  • [85] Yiğit M, Değirmencioğlu S,Uğurlu E, Yaren A. Effect Of Serum İnterleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Level on Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecular and Clınıcal Oncology. 2017; 6: 708-712.
  • [86] Che D, Zhang S, Jing Z, Shang L, Jin S, Liu F, Shen J, Li Y, Hu J, Meng Q, Yu Y. Macrophages induce EMT to Promote İnvasion of Lung Cancer Cells through the Il-6-Mediated Cox-2/Pge2/Β-Catenin Signalling Pathway. Mol. Immunol 2017; 90: 197-210.
  • [87] Shang G.S, Lıu L, Qin YW. Il-6 and Tnf-Α Promote Metastasis of Lung Cancer by inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Oncol Lett. 2017; 13: 4657-4660.
  • [88] Beg AA, Sha WC, Bronson RT, Ghosh S, Baltimore D. Embryonic Lethality and Liver Degeneration İn Mice Lacking the Rela Component of NF-κB. Nature 1995; 376: 167-170.
  • [89] Choudhari SR, Khan MA, Haris G, Picker D, Jacob GS, Block T, Shailubhai K. Deactivation of Akt and STAT3 Signaling Promotesapoptosis, Inhibits Proliferation, and Enhances The Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells To an Anticancer Agent. Atiprimod Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6: 112-121.
  • [90] Khanal T, Choi K, Leung YK, Wang J, Kim D, Janakiram V, Cho SK, Puga A, Ho SM, Kim K. Loss of NR2E3 Represses AHR By LSD1 Reprogramming, is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Liver Cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 1-16.
  • [91] Wu J, Li J, Salcedo R, Mivechi NF, Trinchieri G, Horuzsko A. The Proinflammatory Myeloid Cell Receptor Trem-1 Controls Kupffer Cell Activation and Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Res 2012; 72: 3977–3986.
  • [92] Koppe C, Verheugd P, Gautheron J. Reisinger F, Kreggenwinkel K, Roderburg C, Quagliata, L, Terracciano L, Gassler N, Tolba RH, et al. IKB Kinaseα/Β Control Biliary Homeostasis and hepato carcinogenesis in Mice by Phosphorylating The Cell-Death Mediator Receptor-İnteracting Protein Kinase 1, Hepatology 2016; 64: 1217–1231.
  • [93] Sakurai T, Maeda S.,Chang L, Karin M.. Loss of Hepatic NF-B Activity Enhances Chemical Hepatocarcinogenesis through Sustained C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1 Activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:10544–10551.
  • [94] Li X.F., Chen C.1., Xiang D.M., Qu L., Sun W., Lu X.Y., Zhou T.F., Chen S.Z., Ning B.F., Cheng Z., Xia M.Y., Shen W.F., Yang W., Wen W., Lee T.K.W., Cong W.M., Wang H.Y., and Ding J. (2017). Chronic İnflammation-Elicited Liver Progenitor Cell Conversion to Liver Cancer Stem Cell with Clinical Significance, Hepatology, volume:66,issue:6,pp:1934-1951.
  • [95] Luo JL, Maeda S, Hsu LC, Yagita H, Karin M. Inhibition of NF-KB in Cancer Cells Converts İnflammation Induced Tumor Growth Mediated by Tnfα to TRAIL-mediated Tumor Regression. Cancer Cell 2004; 6 :297-305.
  • [96 Bolirath J, Phesse TJ, Burstin VA, Putoczki T, Bennecke M, Bateman T, Nebelsiek T, Lundgren-May T, Canli Ö, et al. gp130-Mediated Stat3 Activation in Enterocytes Regulates Cell Survival and Cell-Cycle Progression during Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell 2009; 15 :91–102.
  • [97] Liang J, Nagahashi M, Kim EY, Harikumar KB, Yamada A, Huang WC, Hait J, Allegood JC, Price MM, Avni Det al. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Links Persistent STAT3 Activation, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation, and Development of Colitis-Associated Cancer Cancer. Cell 2013; 23: 107–120.
  • [98] Sauer L, Ztsset D, Rihs S, Mager L, Gusberti M, Simillion C, Lugli A, Zlobec I, Krebs P, Mueller C. TREM-1 Promotes Intestinal Tumorigenesis. Scı Rep 2017; 7: 1-12.
  • [99] Geng R, Tan X, Wu J, Pan Z, Yi M, Shi W, Liu R, Yao C, Wang G, Lin J, Oiu L, Huang W, Chen S. RNF183 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells Via Activation Of NF-Jb-IL-8 Axis. Cell Death and Dis 2017; 8: e2994.
  • [100] Ling J, Kang Y, Zhao R, Xia Q, Lee DF. Chang Z, Li J, Peng B, Fleming JB, Wang H, Liu J, Lemischka IR, Hung MC, Chiao PJ.. KrasG12D-induced IKK2/beta/NF-Kappab Activation By IL-1alphaand P62 Feedforward Loops is Required for Development of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell 2017; 21(1): 105-20.
  • [101] Huang H, Daniluk J. Liu Y, Chu J, Li Z, Ji B, Logsdon CD6. Oncogenic K-Ras Requires Activation for Enhanced activity. Oncogene 2014; 33(4): 532–5.
  • [102] Daniluk J, Liu Y, Deng D, Chu J, Huang H, Gaiser S, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Wang H, Ji B, Logsdon CD. An NF-Kappab Pathway-Mediated Positive Feedback Loop Amplifies Ras Activity to Pathological Levels in Mice. J Clin Invest 2012; 122(4): 1519-1528.
  • [103] Bayne LJ., Beatty GL, Jhale N, Clark CE, Rhim AD. Stanger B.Z. Tumor-Derived Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Regulates Myeloid Inflammation and T Cell Immunity in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Cell 2012; 21: 822–835.
  • [104 Qi Q, Zhuang L, Shen Y, Geng Y, Yu S, Chen H, Liu L, Meng Z, Wang P, Chen Z.; A Novel Systemic İnflammation Response Index (SIRI) For Predicting The Survival of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer After Chemotherapy. Cancer 2016; 122: 2158–2167.
  • [105] Giannuzzo A, Saccomano M, Napp J, Ellegaard M, Alves F, Novak I.. Targeting of the P2X7 Receptor in Pancreatic Cancer and Stellate Cells. International J. Cancer 2016; 139: 2540–2552.
  • [106] Fukuda A Wang SC, Morris JP, Folias A.E., Liou A., Kim G.E., Akira S., Boucher K.M., Firpo M.A., Mulvihill S.J., and Hebrok M. Stat3 and MMP7 Contribute to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma İnitiation and Progression. Cancer Cell 2011; 9: 441–455.
  • [107] Ernst M, Najdovska M, Grail D, Lundgren-May T, Buchert M, Tye H, Matthews VB, Armes J, Bhathal PS, Hughes NR, Marcusson EG, Karras JG, Na S, Sedgwick JD, Hertzog PJ, Jenkins .J. STAT3 and STAT1 Mediate IL-11–dependent and Inflammation-associated Gastric Tumorigenesis in gp130 Receptor Mutant Mice. J Clin Invest 2008; 8:1727–1738.
  • [108] Saıto M, Okayama H, Saıto K, Ando J, Kumamoto K, Nakamura I, Ohki S, Ishı Y, Takenoshıta S. CDX2 is Involved in microRNA‑Associated Inflammatory Carcinogenesis in Gastric Cancer. Oncology Lett 2017; 14: 184-6190.
  • [109] Catlett-Falcone R, Landowski TH, Oshiro MM Turkson J, Levitzki A, Savino R, Ciliberto G, Moscinski L, Fernández-Luna JL, Nuñez G, et al. Constitutive Activation of Stat3 Signaling Confers Resistance to Apoptosis In Human U266 Myeloma Cells. Immunity 1999; 105–15.
  • [110] Hideshima T, Nakamura N, Chauhan D, Anderson KC. Biologic Sequelae of İnterleukin-6 İnduced PI3-K/Akt Signaling in Multiple Myeloma. Oncogene. 2001; 20: 5991–5600.
  • [111] Brocke-Heidrich K, Kretzschmar AK, Pfeifer G, Henze C, Löffler D, Koczan D, Thiesen HJ, Burger R, Gramatzki M, Horn F.. Interleukin-6-Dependent Gene Expression Profiles Inmultiple Myeloma INA-6 Cells Reveal A Bcl-2 Family independentsurvival Pathway Closely Associated With Stat3 Activation. Blood 2004; 103: 242–51.
  • [112] Puthier D, Bataille R, Amiot M. IL-6 Up-regulates Mcl-1 İn Human Myeloma Cells through JAK/STAT Ratherthan Ras/MAP Kinase Pathway. Eur J Immunol 1999; 29: 3 945-50.
  • [113] Hu L, Shi Y, Hsu JH, Gera J, Van Ness B, Lichtenstein A. Downstream Effectors of Oncogenic Ras in Multiple Myeloma Cells. Blood 2003; 101: 3126–35.
  • [114] Rayet B, Gélinas C. Aberrant Rel/Nfkb Genes and Activity in Human Cancer. Oncogene. 1999; 18: 6938–6947.
  • [115] Rao PH, Houldsworth J, Dyomina K, Parsa NZ, Cigudosa JC, Louie DC, Popplewell L, Offit K, Jhanwar SC, Chaganti R.S. Chromosomal and Geneamplification in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Blood 1998; 92: 234–240.
  • [116] Ohno H, Takimoto G, McKeithan TW. The Candidate Proto-Oncogene Bcl-3 is Related To Genes İmplicated in Cell Lineage Determination and Cell Cycle Control. Cell 1990; 60: 991–997.
  • [117] Barth TF, Döhner H, Werner CA, Stilgenbauer S, Schlotter M, Pawlita M, Lichter P, Möller P, Bentz M. Characteristic Pattern of Chromosomal Gainsand Losses in Primary Large B-Cell Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinaltract. Blood 1998; 91: 321–4330.
  • [118] Seo H, Cho YC, Ju A, Lee S, Park BC, Park SG, Kim JH, Kim K, Cho S.. Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 5 Acts As an Anti-İnflammatory Regülatör by Inhibiting The ERK and NF-Κb Signaling Pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7(17348): 1-11.
  • [119] Puente X.S., Pinyol M., Quesada, V., Conde L., Ordóñez G.R., Villamor N., Escaramis, G. Jares, P., Beà, S., González-Díaz M. et al. Whole-Genome Sequencing İdentifies Recurrent Mutations İn Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. Nature 2011; 475:101–105.
  • [120] Kordes U, Krappmann D, Heissmeyer V. Ludwig WD, Scheidereit C. Transcription Factor NF-Kβ is Constitutively Activated in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells. Leukemia 2000; 14: 399-402.
  • [121] Leong PL, Andrews GA, Johnson DE, Dyer KF, Xi S, Mai CF, Robbins PD, Gadiparthi S, Burke NA, Watkin SF, Grandis J.R. Targeted İnhibition Of Stat3 with a Decoy Oligonucleotide Abrogates Head and Neck Cancer Cell Growth. PNAS. 2003;100(7): 4138–4143.
  • [122 Joki T, Heese O, Nikas DC, Bello L, Zhang J, Kraeft SK. Seyfried NT, Abe T, Chen LB, Carroll RS. Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in Human Glioma and in Vitro İnhibitionbBy A Specific COX-2 İnhibitor NS-398. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 4926–493.
  • [123] Rainov NG. Heidecke V.. Long Term Survival in a Patient with Recurrent Malignant Glioma Treated with Intratumoral Infusion of an IL4-Targeted Toxin (NBI-3001). J Neurooncol 2004; 66: 197–201.
  • [124] Erez N, Truitt M, Olson P, Hanahan D. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Are Activated in Incipient Neoplasia to Orchestrate Tumor-Promoting Inflammation in an NF-kB-Dependent Manner Cancer. Cell 2010; 17: 135–147.
  • [125] Liu B, Xia X, Zhu F, Park, E, Carbajal S, Kiguchi K, DiGiovanni J, Fischer SM, and Hu Y. IKK is Required to Maintain Skin Homeostasis and Prevent Skin Cancer. Cancer Cell 2008; 14: 212–225.
  • [126] Courau T, Nehar-Belaid D, Florez D, Lavacher B, Vazquez T, Brimaud F, Bellier B, Klatzmann D. TGF-β and VEGF Cooperatively Control the Immunotolerant Tumor Environment and the Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapies. JCI Insight 2016; 1(9): e85974.
There are 126 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

İşıl Yıldırım This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yıldırım, İ. (2019). KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji, 8(1), 121-140.
AMA Yıldırım İ. KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji. January 2019;8(1):121-140.
Chicago Yıldırım, İşıl. “KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ”. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji 8, no. 1 (January 2019): 121-40.
EndNote Yıldırım İ (January 1, 2019) KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji 8 1 121–140.
IEEE İ. Yıldırım, “KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ”, Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 121–140, 2019.
ISNAD Yıldırım, İşıl. “KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ”. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji 8/1 (January 2019), 121-140.
JAMA Yıldırım İ. KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji. 2019;8:121–140.
MLA Yıldırım, İşıl. “KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ”. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji, vol. 8, no. 1, 2019, pp. 121-40.
Vancouver Yıldırım İ. KANSER GELİŞİMİNDE İNFLAMASYONUN ROLÜ. Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi - C Yaşam Bilimleri Ve Biyoteknoloji. 2019;8(1):121-40.