CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF BIOEXTRACTS FROM HAZELNUT SHELL

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 119 - 131, 30.07.2021

Farhad Azizov Yusif Shukurlu Zarbali Khalılov Vafa Atayeva Nurmammad Mustafayev

https://doi.org/10.18036/estubtdc.790253

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of data on the content of macro- and micronutrients, as well as the determination and identification of biologically active substances in the bioextracts obtained with distilled water (BE-I) and 70% ethanol (BE-II) from the shell of the common hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) plant widespread in the northwestern region of Azerbaijan. It was established that the bioextracts BE-I and BE-II have the same mineral composition and contain 25 mineral elements. The bioextracts obtained by extraction with distilled water and 70% ethanol contain 28.51% and 14.61% mineral elements respectively. The amount of macronutrients (K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, P) in BE-I is 22.97%, micronutrients (Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Sn, Sr, Y, Al, S, Se, Si, Ba, Pb, Rb, V) – 5.54%; in BE-II 11.60% and 3.01%, respectively. It was established that the BE-II contains 85.4% biologically active substances (BAS) and 28 major therapeutic substances, while the BE-I contains 71.5% BAS and 14 major therapeutic substances. Phenolic compounds with high antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial properties were found among the BAS, of which the following components dominate: 2-methoxy phenol (C7H8O2), 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (C8H8O), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (C9H10O2), 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (C8H8O3), 2-methoxy-4-propyl-phenol (C10H14O2), 4-((1E)-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol (C10H12O3), dibuthyl phtalate (C16H22O4), 1-naphtalenamin (C10H9N), 5-cholestene-ol, 24-methyl- (C28H48O), γ-sitosterol və β-sitosterol (C29H50O), stiqmast-4-en-3-one (C29H48O), 4H-pyran-4-one-, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- (C6H8O4), trans-4-fluoro-4'-(methyltio) chalcone (C16H13FOS). The bioextracts obtained by the proposed methods contain vital macro- and microelements and BAS with high therapeutic effect, which allows them to be used as a therapeutic agents in the treatment and prevention of many diseases. Based on the results of the study for obtaining bioextracts rich in mineral elements, BAS, coloring pigments and flavorings the optimal regime was determined using two-stage extraction by 70% ethanol and distilled water.

Keywords

Hazelnut, Biologically active substances (BAS), Antioxidant, Makro- and Micronutrients, Bioextract

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF BIOEXTRACTS FROM HAZELNUT SHELL

Abstract

Makalede Azerbaycan’ın kuzeybatı bölgesinde yaygın olan “adi fındık” (Corylus avellana L.) bitkisinin kabuğundan saf su (BE-I) ve %70 etanol (BE-II) etkisi ile elde edilen bio ekstraktlardaki makro ve mikro elementlerin bileşimi hakkında bilgilerin karşılaştırmalı analizi ve aynı zamanda biyoloji aktif maddelerin belirlenmesi hakkında sonuçlar aktarılmaktadır.
Buna göre BE-I ve BE-II bioekstraktlarının aynı mineral bileşime sahip olup, 25 mineral elementten oluştuğu anlaşılmıştır. Saf su ve 70% etanol ile yapılan ekstraksiyon sonucu ortaya çıkan bioekstratların bileşiminde uygun olarak 28,51% ve 14,61% mineraller bulunur. BE-I’deki makroelementlerin miktarı (K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, P) 22,97%, mikroelementlerin miktarı (Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Sn, Sr, Y, Al, S, Se, Si, Ba, Pb, Rb, V) - 5,54%, BE-II’de ise 11.60% ve 3.01%-dir.
Araştrıma sonucunda BE-II’de 85,40%-nı bioaktif (BFM) ve 28 major terapevtik maddeler ile BE-I’de 71,5% BFM ve 14 esas terapevtik maddelerin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. BFM arasında ayrıca yüksek antioksidan, antikanser ve antibakteriyel özellikleri olan bulunan fenol bileşimleri saptanmıştır. Bunlarda üstünlük teşkil eden komponentlər: 2-metoksi fenol (C7H8O2), 2,3-dihidrobenzofuran (C8H8O), 2-metoksi-4-vinilfenol (C9H10O2), 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (C8H8O3), 2-metoksi-4-propil-fenol (C10H14O2), 4-((1E)-3-hidroksi-1-propenil)-2-metoksifenol (C10H12O3), Dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (C16H22O4), 1-naftalenamin (C10H9N), 24-metil-5-xolesten-ol (C28H48O), γ-sitosterol ve β-sitosterol (C29H50O), stiqmast-4-en-3-on (C29H48O), 2,3-dihidro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-metil-4H-piran-4-on (C6H8O4), trans-4-flüor-4'-(metiltio) xalkon (C16H13FOS).
Önerilen yöntemlerle elde edilen bioekstratlarda hayati önem arz eden makro ve mikroelementlerin yanı sıra, yüksek tedavi edici özelliğe sahip BFM’nin bulunması, birçok hastalıkların tedavisinde etkinliği ve profilaktik terapevtik vasıta olarak kullanıma olanak tanır. Ayrıca bioekstratların bileşiminde bulunan aroma, tatlandırıcılar ve boya maddeleri, gerek aromatizör olarak gerekse de baharatlar ve gıda ilaveleri; ipək, yün, pamuk iplerin boyanmasında kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Yürütülen araştırmalar sonucunda; mineral elementler, BFM, boyayıcı pigmentler ve tatlandırıcı maddelerle zengin olan bioekstratın elde edilmesi için 70% etonol ve su ile iki aşamalı ekstrasyon kullanılarak optimal neticeye ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

biologically active substances (BAS), Bioextract, Hazelnut, Antioxidant, Macro- and micronutrients

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