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BİR TEKSTİL FABRİKASINDA PSİKOSOSYAL RİSKLER VE MENTAL SAĞLIK DURUMU

Year 2023, , 54 - 70, 17.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1115224

Abstract

Bu kesitsel çalışmada tekstil sektöründe bir iş yerinde psikososyal riskler ve mental sağlık birlikteliğinin
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 407 çalışana psikososyal risk değerlendirme ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımlı
değişkeni mental sağlık durumu, Genel Sağlık Anketi’nin (GSA) 12 soruluk formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Temel bağımsız
değişkenler, KOPSOR-TR-kısa ile değerlendirilen psikososyal riskler, yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, öğrenim düzeyi,
mesleki sınıf, kronik hastalık öyküsü, mevcut iş yerinde çalışma süresi, vardiyalı çalışma durumu, günlük çalışma saati,
gece çalışma durumu, yöneticilik görevi varlığı, iş kazası geçirme durumudur. İstatistik analizlerde tanımlayıcı
istatistikler sayı ve yüzde olarak, dağılım istatistikleri ise ortalama ve standart hata olarak belirtilmiştir. İki gruplu sürekli
değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız gruplarda t testi kullanmıştır. Kategorik değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında ki
kare testi yapılmıştır. Çok değişkenli analizlerde lojistik regresyon modelleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada psikososyal
riskler içerisinde sırasıyla en çok çalışma hızının yüksek olması, tanınırlık eksikliği, işe etki eksikliği, sosyal destek
eksikliği öncelikli riskler olarak saptanmıştır. Kadınların psikososyal risk puanları erkeklerden daha yüksektir. Mesleksel
sınıfa göre değerlendirildiğinde psikososyal risklerin çoğu beyaz yakalılarda mavi yakalılara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek
bulunmuştur. Mental sağlık beyaz yakalıların %76’sında kötü saptanırken; mavi yakalılarda bu oran %84’tür ve bu fark
anlamlıdır (p<0.05). Beyaz yakalılarda yaş ve cinsiyete göre düzeltildiğinde psikososyal risklerin çoğunun mental sağlık
üzerine olumsuz etkileri olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu bulguya ek olarak tekstil sektöründe çalışan beyaz yakalıların da
literatürde bildirilen mavi yakalılar kadar psikososyal risklerden etkilenme riskleri olabileceği düşünülmüştür.
Anahtar kelimeler: KOPSOR, psikososyal, tekstil, mental sağlık, GSA.

Supporting Institution

Destekleyen kurum ya da kuruluş yoktur.

References

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  • 2. Costa G. I Changes in the work organization and management of psychosocial risk factors. Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia. Jul 2008;30(3 SUPPL.):106-9. Available from: file:///Users/gokcenarkan/Zotero/storage /GNQWHFYM/changes-in-the-work-org anization-and-management-of-psychoso cial-r.html
  • 3. Şahan C, Baydur H, Demiral Y. A novel version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-3: Turkish validation study. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2019;74(6):297-309. DOI: 10.1080/ 19338244.2018.1538095.
  • 4. Burr H, Berthelsen H, Moncada S, Nübling M, Dupret E, Demiral Y, vd. The Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Saf Health Work. 2019 Dec;10(4):482-503. DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.10.002.
  • 5. Stansfeld S, Candy B. Psychosocial work environment and mental health a meta-analytic review. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2006 Dec;32(6):443-62. DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.1050.
  • 6. Fernandes C, Pereira A. Exposure to psychosocial risk factors in the context of work: a systematic review. Rev. Saúde Pública 50. 2016. DOI: 10.1590/ S1518-8787.2016050006129
  • 7. Globalization Changes the Face of Textile, Clothing and Footwear Industries. ILO/96/33. [ 02 Mayıs 2021]. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/global/aboutthe- ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_008075/ lang--en/index.htm
  • 8. Çalışma Ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü. Tekstil Sektöründe İş Sağlığı Gözetimi Rehberi. sayfa:311. Available from: https://www.csgb.gov.tr/medias/7193/tek st%C4%B0l-sektoer%C3%BCnde-%C4 %B0%C5%9F-sa%C4%9Fli%C4%9Figoezet% C4%B0m%C4%B0-rehber%C4 %B0.pdf
  • 9. Manimaran S, Rajalakshmi R, Bhagyalakshmi K. A model of Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) for promoting and controlling health and safety in textile industry. Technol Health Care. 2015;23(1):1-8. DOI: 10.3233/ THC-140866.
  • 10. Vézina M, Gingras S. Work and mental health: risk groups. Can J Public Health. 1996 Mar-Apr;87(2):135-40. Available from: https://p ubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 8753644/
  • 11. Kitronza PL, Mairiaux P. Occupational Stress among Textile Workers in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Trop Med Health. 2015 Dec;43(4):223-31. DOI: 10.2149/tmh.2015-24.
  • 12. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı, Strateji ve Bütçe daire Başkanlığı. Onbirinci Kalkinma Plani. [05 Ocak 2022]. Available from: https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploa ds/2019/07/OnbirinciKalkinmaPlani.pdf
  • 13. Kılıç C. Genel sağlık anketi: Güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 1996. Available from: https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/yayin/detay/4 1606/
  • 14. Kilic C, Rezaki M, Rezaki B, Kaplan I, Ozgen G, Sağduyu A, vd. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12 & GHQ28): psychometric properties and factor structure of the scales in a Turkish primary care sample. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1997 Aug;32(6): 327-31. DOI: 10.1007/BF008 05437.
  • 15. Özdemir H, Rezaki M. Depresyon Saptanmasında Genel Sağlık Anketi-12. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2007 - acarindex.com. [07 Aralık 2020]. Available from: http://www.turkpsikiyatri. com/default.aspx?modul=turkceOzet&g FPrkMakale=562
  • 16. Sahan C. Validity of Turkish Core Version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Risk Questionnaire. [02 Eylül 2020]. Available from: https://www.copsoqnetwork. org/assets/Uploads/C.-Sahan-V alidity-of-Turkish-Core-Version-of-Copen hagen-Psychosocial-Risk-Questionnaire .pdf
  • 17. Lips-Wiersma M, Wright S, Dik B. Meaningful work: differences among blue-, pink-, and white-collar occupations. September 2016. Career Development International 21(5):534- 551. DOI:10.1108/ CDI-04-2016-0052
  • 18. Nag S, Datta D, Roy S. Occupational Health Hazards among Workers in Garment Factories in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2015;10. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v24i1.29560
  • 19. Burr H, Albertsen K, Rugulies R, Hannerz H. Do dimensions from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict vitality and mental health over and above the job strain and effort—reward imbalance models? Scand J Public Health. 2010 Feb;38(3 Suppl):59-68. DOI: 10.1177/1403494809353436.
  • 20. Wieclaw J, Agerbo E, Bo Mortensen P, Burr H, Tuchsen F, Bonde JP. Psychosocial working conditions and the risk of depression and anxiety disorders in the Danish workforce. BMC Public Health. 07 Agust 2008;8(1):280. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-280
  • 21. WHO Environment, Climate Change and Health. Gender equality, work and health: A review of the evidence. Available from: https://www.who.int/ publications-detail-redirect/gender-equal ity-work-and-health-a-review-of-the-evid ence
  • 22. De Sio S, Cedrone F, Sanità D, Ricci P, Corbosiero P, Di Traglia M, vd. Quality of Life in Workers and Stress: Gender Differences in Exposure to Psychosocial Risks and Perceived Well-Being. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:7340781. DOI: 10.1155/2017/7340781.
  • 23. De Sio S, Cedrone F, Trovato Battagliola E, Buomprisco G, Perri R, Greco E. The Perception of Psychosocial Risks and Work-Related Stress in Relation to Job Insecurity and Gender Differences: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Research International. 19 December 2018;2018: e7649085. Doi: 10.1155/2018/7649085
  • 24. de Smet P, Sans S, Dramaix M, Boulenguez C, de Backer G, Ferrario M, vd. Gender and regional differences in perceived job stress across Europe. Eur J Public Health. October 2005;15(5): 536-45. DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cki028.
  • 25. Campos-Serna J, Ronda-Pérez E, Moen BE, Artazcoz L, Benavides FG. Welfare state regimes and gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2013 Jul-Sep;19(3): 179-95. DOI: 10.1179/2049396713Y. 0000000030.
  • 26. Elkin N., Barut YA. Bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezine Başvuran Bireylerin Genel Sağlık Anketine Göre Ruhsal Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Yıl 2017, Sayı 3, 221 - 238. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/ en/pub/igusabder/issue/32050/317794
  • 27. Çolak M., Erol S. Sağlık Çalışanlarının Genel Sağlık Durumu, Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Yıl 2021, Cilt 24, Sayı 2, 139. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/ pub/ataunihem/issue/63042/582280
  • 28. Uysal N, Yenal K. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin genel sağlık durumlarının incelenmesi Study on the general health status of nursing students. S.D.Ü Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Cilt 5 / Sayı 1 / 2014. Available from: https://web.s.ebscohost. com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&s id=70a1aee7-deb0-4dc9-bb75-1adeb3a 296db%40redis
  • 29. Metzler YA, Bellingrath S. Psychosocial Hazard Analysis in a Heterogeneous Workforce: Determinants of Work Stress in Blue- and White-Collar Workers of the European Steel Industry. Front Public Health. 2017 Aug 17;5:210. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00210.
  • 30. Moreno-Pimentel AG, Meneses Monroy A, Martín-Casas P, Zaragoza-García I, Girón-Daviña P. Impact of social and occupational factors over job control. Med Lav. 2019 Jun 28;110(3):226-233. DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i3.7925.
  • 31. Hur SO, Chang SS, Koo JW, Park CY. The Assessment of Stress between White and Blue Collar Workers by using Psychosocial Well-being Index. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. 1996;29(3):609-16. Available from: https://koreascience.kr/article/ JAKO199624717615434.page

PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS AND MENTAL HEALTH STATUS IN A TEXTILE FACTORY

Year 2023, , 54 - 70, 17.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1115224

Abstract

In this cross-sectional study it was aimed to evaluate the psychosocial risks and mental health association in a
workplace in textile sector. Psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire was applied to 407 employees. The dependent
variable of the study was mental health status which was evaluated with the 12-question form of the General Health
Questionnaire (GHQ). Main independent variables included psychosocial risks evaluated with COPSOQ-TR-short, age,
gender, marital status, education level, occupational class, chronic illness history, working time at current workplace,
shift working status, daily working hours, night working status, the presence of a managerial task, work accident history.
In statistical analyzes, descriptive statistics are shown as numbers and percentages, and distribution statistics are
shown as mean and standard error. Student’s t-test was used in the comparison of continuous variables with two
independent groups. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. Logistic regression models were used
in multivariate analyses. In this study, high working pace, lack of recognition, lack of influence at work, lack of social
support found as the primary risks among the other psychosocial risks. Psychosocial risk scores of women were found
higher than men. Most of the psychosocial risks were found to be significantly higher in white-collar workers than in
blue-collar workers. While poor mental health was found 76% of white-collar workers; this ratio is 84% in blue-collar
workers (p<0.05). However, adjusted psychosocial risks were found to have negative effects on mental health only in
white collar workers. There was no significant relationship between psychosocial risks and mental health in blue collar
workers. Additionally, it has been suggested that white-collar workers working in the textile sector may also be at high
risk of being affected by psychosocial risks as much as blue-collar workers reported in the literature.

References

  • 1. Leka S, Kortum E. A European Framework to Address Psychosocial Hazards. J Occup Health. 2008;50(3): 294-6. DOI: 10.1539/joh.m6004
  • 2. Costa G. I Changes in the work organization and management of psychosocial risk factors. Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia. Jul 2008;30(3 SUPPL.):106-9. Available from: file:///Users/gokcenarkan/Zotero/storage /GNQWHFYM/changes-in-the-work-org anization-and-management-of-psychoso cial-r.html
  • 3. Şahan C, Baydur H, Demiral Y. A novel version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-3: Turkish validation study. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2019;74(6):297-309. DOI: 10.1080/ 19338244.2018.1538095.
  • 4. Burr H, Berthelsen H, Moncada S, Nübling M, Dupret E, Demiral Y, vd. The Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Saf Health Work. 2019 Dec;10(4):482-503. DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.10.002.
  • 5. Stansfeld S, Candy B. Psychosocial work environment and mental health a meta-analytic review. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2006 Dec;32(6):443-62. DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.1050.
  • 6. Fernandes C, Pereira A. Exposure to psychosocial risk factors in the context of work: a systematic review. Rev. Saúde Pública 50. 2016. DOI: 10.1590/ S1518-8787.2016050006129
  • 7. Globalization Changes the Face of Textile, Clothing and Footwear Industries. ILO/96/33. [ 02 Mayıs 2021]. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/global/aboutthe- ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_008075/ lang--en/index.htm
  • 8. Çalışma Ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü. Tekstil Sektöründe İş Sağlığı Gözetimi Rehberi. sayfa:311. Available from: https://www.csgb.gov.tr/medias/7193/tek st%C4%B0l-sektoer%C3%BCnde-%C4 %B0%C5%9F-sa%C4%9Fli%C4%9Figoezet% C4%B0m%C4%B0-rehber%C4 %B0.pdf
  • 9. Manimaran S, Rajalakshmi R, Bhagyalakshmi K. A model of Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) for promoting and controlling health and safety in textile industry. Technol Health Care. 2015;23(1):1-8. DOI: 10.3233/ THC-140866.
  • 10. Vézina M, Gingras S. Work and mental health: risk groups. Can J Public Health. 1996 Mar-Apr;87(2):135-40. Available from: https://p ubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 8753644/
  • 11. Kitronza PL, Mairiaux P. Occupational Stress among Textile Workers in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Trop Med Health. 2015 Dec;43(4):223-31. DOI: 10.2149/tmh.2015-24.
  • 12. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı, Strateji ve Bütçe daire Başkanlığı. Onbirinci Kalkinma Plani. [05 Ocak 2022]. Available from: https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploa ds/2019/07/OnbirinciKalkinmaPlani.pdf
  • 13. Kılıç C. Genel sağlık anketi: Güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 1996. Available from: https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/yayin/detay/4 1606/
  • 14. Kilic C, Rezaki M, Rezaki B, Kaplan I, Ozgen G, Sağduyu A, vd. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12 & GHQ28): psychometric properties and factor structure of the scales in a Turkish primary care sample. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1997 Aug;32(6): 327-31. DOI: 10.1007/BF008 05437.
  • 15. Özdemir H, Rezaki M. Depresyon Saptanmasında Genel Sağlık Anketi-12. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2007 - acarindex.com. [07 Aralık 2020]. Available from: http://www.turkpsikiyatri. com/default.aspx?modul=turkceOzet&g FPrkMakale=562
  • 16. Sahan C. Validity of Turkish Core Version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Risk Questionnaire. [02 Eylül 2020]. Available from: https://www.copsoqnetwork. org/assets/Uploads/C.-Sahan-V alidity-of-Turkish-Core-Version-of-Copen hagen-Psychosocial-Risk-Questionnaire .pdf
  • 17. Lips-Wiersma M, Wright S, Dik B. Meaningful work: differences among blue-, pink-, and white-collar occupations. September 2016. Career Development International 21(5):534- 551. DOI:10.1108/ CDI-04-2016-0052
  • 18. Nag S, Datta D, Roy S. Occupational Health Hazards among Workers in Garment Factories in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2015;10. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v24i1.29560
  • 19. Burr H, Albertsen K, Rugulies R, Hannerz H. Do dimensions from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict vitality and mental health over and above the job strain and effort—reward imbalance models? Scand J Public Health. 2010 Feb;38(3 Suppl):59-68. DOI: 10.1177/1403494809353436.
  • 20. Wieclaw J, Agerbo E, Bo Mortensen P, Burr H, Tuchsen F, Bonde JP. Psychosocial working conditions and the risk of depression and anxiety disorders in the Danish workforce. BMC Public Health. 07 Agust 2008;8(1):280. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-280
  • 21. WHO Environment, Climate Change and Health. Gender equality, work and health: A review of the evidence. Available from: https://www.who.int/ publications-detail-redirect/gender-equal ity-work-and-health-a-review-of-the-evid ence
  • 22. De Sio S, Cedrone F, Sanità D, Ricci P, Corbosiero P, Di Traglia M, vd. Quality of Life in Workers and Stress: Gender Differences in Exposure to Psychosocial Risks and Perceived Well-Being. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:7340781. DOI: 10.1155/2017/7340781.
  • 23. De Sio S, Cedrone F, Trovato Battagliola E, Buomprisco G, Perri R, Greco E. The Perception of Psychosocial Risks and Work-Related Stress in Relation to Job Insecurity and Gender Differences: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Research International. 19 December 2018;2018: e7649085. Doi: 10.1155/2018/7649085
  • 24. de Smet P, Sans S, Dramaix M, Boulenguez C, de Backer G, Ferrario M, vd. Gender and regional differences in perceived job stress across Europe. Eur J Public Health. October 2005;15(5): 536-45. DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cki028.
  • 25. Campos-Serna J, Ronda-Pérez E, Moen BE, Artazcoz L, Benavides FG. Welfare state regimes and gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2013 Jul-Sep;19(3): 179-95. DOI: 10.1179/2049396713Y. 0000000030.
  • 26. Elkin N., Barut YA. Bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezine Başvuran Bireylerin Genel Sağlık Anketine Göre Ruhsal Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Yıl 2017, Sayı 3, 221 - 238. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/ en/pub/igusabder/issue/32050/317794
  • 27. Çolak M., Erol S. Sağlık Çalışanlarının Genel Sağlık Durumu, Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Yıl 2021, Cilt 24, Sayı 2, 139. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/ pub/ataunihem/issue/63042/582280
  • 28. Uysal N, Yenal K. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin genel sağlık durumlarının incelenmesi Study on the general health status of nursing students. S.D.Ü Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Cilt 5 / Sayı 1 / 2014. Available from: https://web.s.ebscohost. com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&s id=70a1aee7-deb0-4dc9-bb75-1adeb3a 296db%40redis
  • 29. Metzler YA, Bellingrath S. Psychosocial Hazard Analysis in a Heterogeneous Workforce: Determinants of Work Stress in Blue- and White-Collar Workers of the European Steel Industry. Front Public Health. 2017 Aug 17;5:210. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00210.
  • 30. Moreno-Pimentel AG, Meneses Monroy A, Martín-Casas P, Zaragoza-García I, Girón-Daviña P. Impact of social and occupational factors over job control. Med Lav. 2019 Jun 28;110(3):226-233. DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i3.7925.
  • 31. Hur SO, Chang SS, Koo JW, Park CY. The Assessment of Stress between White and Blue Collar Workers by using Psychosocial Well-being Index. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. 1996;29(3):609-16. Available from: https://koreascience.kr/article/ JAKO199624717615434.page
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gökçen Arkan Demiral 0000-0003-4783-2819

Ceyda Şahan 0000-0002-7373-1213

Esra Aydin Ozgur 0000-0002-5548-1206

Mustafa Vatansever 0000-0002-5312-0992

Yucel Demiral 0000-0002-4281-0218

Publication Date January 17, 2023
Submission Date May 11, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

Vancouver Arkan Demiral G, Şahan C, Aydin Ozgur E, Vatansever M, Demiral Y. BİR TEKSTİL FABRİKASINDA PSİKOSOSYAL RİSKLER VE MENTAL SAĞLIK DURUMU. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi. 2023;8(1):54-70.

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